Guidelines on Hepatitis B and C Testing PDF Download

Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 9789241549981
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Book Description
Testing and diagnosis of hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) infection is the gateway for access to both prevention and treatment services, and is a crucial component of an effective response to the hepatitis epidemic. Early identification of persons with chronic HBV or HCV infection enables them to receive the necessary care and treatment to prevent or delay progression of liver disease. Testing also provides an opportunity to link people to interventions to reduce transmission, through counselling on risk behaviors and provision of prevention commodities (such as sterile needles and syringes) and hepatitis B vaccination. These are the first WHO guidelines on testing for chronic HBV and HCV infection and complement published guidance by WHO on the prevention, care and treatment of chronic hepatitis C and hepatitis B infection. These guidelines outline the public health approach to strengthening and expanding current testing practices for HBV and HCV, and are intended for use across age groups and populations.

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309438020
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 187

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Book Description
Hepatitis B and C cause most cases of hepatitis in the United States and the world. The two diseases account for about a million deaths a year and 78 percent of world's hepatocellular carcinoma and more than half of all fatal cirrhosis. In 2013 viral hepatitis, of which hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are the most common types, surpassed HIV and AIDS to become the seventh leading cause of death worldwide. The world now has the tools to prevent hepatitis B and cure hepatitis C. Perfect vaccination could eradicate HBV, but it would take two generations at least. In the meantime, there is no cure for the millions of people already infected. Conversely, there is no vaccine for HCV, but new direct-acting antivirals can cure 95 percent of chronic infections, though these drugs are unlikely to reach all chronically-infected people anytime soon. This report, the first of two, examines the feasibility of hepatitis B and C elimination in the United States and identifies critical success factors. The phase two report will outline a strategy for meeting the elimination goals discussed in this report.

Author: Institute of Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309153689
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 252

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Book Description
The global epidemic of hepatitis B and C is a serious public health problem. Hepatitis B and C are the major causes of chronic liver disease and liver cancer in the world. In the next 10 years, 150,000 people in the United States will die from liver disease or liver cancer associated with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections. Today, between 800,000 and 1.4 million people in the United States have chronic hepatitis B and between 2.7 and 3.9 million have chronic hepatitis C. People most at risk for hepatitis B and C often are the least likely to have access to medical services. Reducing the rates of illness and death associated with these diseases will require greater awareness and knowledge among health care workers, improved identification of at-risk people, and improved access to medical care. Hepatitis B is a vaccine-preventable disease. Although federal public health officials recommend that all newborns, children, and at-risk adults receive the vaccine, about 46,000 new acute cases of the HBV infection emerge each year, including 1,000 in infants who acquire the infection during birth from their HBV-positive mothers. Unfortunately, there is no vaccine for hepatitis C, which is transmitted by direct exposure to infectious blood. Hepatitis and Liver Cancer identifies missed opportunities related to the prevention and control of HBV and HCV infections. The book presents ways to reduce the numbers of new HBV and HCV infections and the morbidity and mortality related to chronic viral hepatitis. It identifies priorities for research, policy, and action geared toward federal, state, and local public health officials, stakeholder, and advocacy groups and professional organizations.

Author: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC
Publisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 0190628634
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 705

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Book Description
THE ESSENTIAL WORK IN TRAVEL MEDICINE -- NOW COMPLETELY UPDATED FOR 2018 As unprecedented numbers of travelers cross international borders each day, the need for up-to-date, practical information about the health challenges posed by travel has never been greater. For both international travelers and the health professionals who care for them, the CDC Yellow Book 2018: Health Information for International Travel is the definitive guide to staying safe and healthy anywhere in the world. The fully revised and updated 2018 edition codifies the U.S. government's most current health guidelines and information for international travelers, including pretravel vaccine recommendations, destination-specific health advice, and easy-to-reference maps, tables, and charts. The 2018 Yellow Book also addresses the needs of specific types of travelers, with dedicated sections on: · Precautions for pregnant travelers, immunocompromised travelers, and travelers with disabilities · Special considerations for newly arrived adoptees, immigrants, and refugees · Practical tips for last-minute or resource-limited travelers · Advice for air crews, humanitarian workers, missionaries, and others who provide care and support overseas Authored by a team of the world's most esteemed travel medicine experts, the Yellow Book is an essential resource for travelers -- and the clinicians overseeing their care -- at home and abroad.

Author: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Publisher:
ISBN: 0190065974
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 721

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Book Description
The definitive reference for travel medicine, updated for 2020 "A beloved travel must-have for the intrepid wanderer." -Publishers Weekly "A truly excellent and comprehensive resource." -Journal of Hospital Infection The CDC Yellow Book offers everything travelers and healthcare providers need to know for safe and healthy travel abroad. This 2020 edition includes: � Country-specific risk guidelines for yellow fever and malaria, including expert recommendations and 26 detailed, country-level maps � Detailed maps showing distribution of travel-related illnesses, including dengue, Japanese encephalitis, meningococcal meningitis, and schistosomiasis � Guidelines for self-treating common travel conditions, including altitude illness, jet lag, motion sickness, and travelers' diarrhea � Expert guidance on food and drink precautions to avoid illness, plus water-disinfection techniques for travel to remote destinations � Specialized guidelines for non-leisure travelers, study abroad, work-related travel, and travel to mass gatherings � Advice on medical tourism, complementary and integrative health approaches, and counterfeit drugs � Updated guidance for pre-travel consultations � Advice for obtaining healthcare abroad, including guidance on different types of travel insurance � Health insights around 15 popular tourist destinations and itineraries � Recommendations for traveling with infants and children � Advising travelers with specific needs, including those with chronic medical conditions or weakened immune systems, health care workers, humanitarian aid workers, long-term travelers and expatriates, and last-minute travelers � Considerations for newly arrived adoptees, immigrants, and refugees Long the most trusted book of its kind, the CDC Yellow Book is an essential resource in an ever-changing field -- and an ever-changing world.

Author: Lanjuan Li
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811559848
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 571

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Book Description
This book introduces the clinical application of artificial liver system (ALS) in hepatic failure. It has been widely used in clinics aiming to provide temporary support of liver function while maintaining extra-hepatic function in patients with liver failure. This work comprehensively summarizes the progress of livers and artificial liver, for example, the principle and implementation of Li-ALS, cell transplantation and the combined application of artificial liver and liver transplantation. It will be helpful for clinicians to implement artificial liver treatment to save the lives of patients with hepatic failure.

Author: World Health Organization
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789241549684
Category : AIDS (Disease)
Languages : en
Pages : 429

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Book Description
These guidelines provide guidance on the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the use of antiretroviral (ARV) drugs for treating and preventing HIV infection and the care of people living with HIV. They are structured along the continuum of HIV testing, prevention, treatment and care. This edition updates the 2013 consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs following an extensive review of evidence and consultations in mid-2015, shared at the end of 2015, and now published in full in 2016. It is being published in a changing global context for HIV and for health more broadly.

Author: Canada. Comité consultatif national de l'immunisation
Publisher:
ISBN: 9780660193922
Category : Immunization
Languages : en
Pages : 392

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Book Description
The seventh edition of the Canadian Immunization Guide was developed by the National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI), with the support ofthe Immunization and Respiratory Infections Division, Public Health Agency of Canada, to provide updated information and recommendations on the use of vaccines in Canada. The Public Health Agency of Canada conducted a survey in 2004, which confi rmed that the Canadian Immunization Guide is a very useful and reliable resource of information on immunization.

Author: Raymond Steven Koff
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN:
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 360

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Book Description
Around the world hepatitis has infected more than 2 billion people (10 million in the US) and is, in its chronic form, the leading factor in end-stage liver disease and the rising incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma. In Chronic Viral Hepatitis: Diagnosis and Therapeutics, leading scientists, clinicians, and clinical investigators comprehensively review the epidemiology, molecular virology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of chronic hepatitis caused by the B and C viruses. The discussion of patient management includes contributions on developing novel therapeutics, supporting patients during therapy, alternative treatments, the use of drugs in chronic viral hepatitis, liver transplantation, and pregnancy in chronic viral hepatitis. Attention is also given to the treatment of patients with concomitant autoimmune disorders, the management of HIV co-infection, and the management of HBV/HCV co-infection. Each chapter provides an extensive review of available literature and is based on broad experience in clinical trials and the management of patients with chronic viral hepatitis. Authoritative and eminently practical, Chronic Viral Hepatitis: Diagnosis and Therapeutics offers today's gastroenterologists, primary care physicians, hepatologists, and infectious disease specialists a critical understanding of the state-of-the-art in chronic viral hepatitis and insightful projections of the many powerful new therapeutics now emerging.

Author: World Health Organization
Publisher: World Health Organization
ISBN: 924154905X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 166

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Book Description
These are the first World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for the prevention care and treatment of persons living with CHB infection and complement similar recent published guidance by WHO on the prevention care and treatment of infection due to the hepatitis C virus (HCV). In contrast to several recent international guidelines on the management of CHB infection from the United States Europe Asia-Pacific and the United Kingdom (UK) the primary audience for these WHO guidelines is country programme managers in all settings but particularly in LMICs to help plan the development and scale up of hepatitis B prevention care and treatment. These guidelines are also intended for health-care providers who care for persons with CHB in these settings. The recommendations are structured along the continuum of care for persons with CHBa from initial assessment of stage of disease and eligibility for treatment to initiation of first-line antiviral therapy and monitoring for disease progression toxicity and HCC and switch to second-line drugs in persons with treatment failure. They are intended for use across age groups and adult populations. The recommendations in these guidelines promote the use of simple non-invasive diagnostic tests to assess the stage of liver disease and eligibility for treatment; prioritize treatment for those with most advanced liver disease and at greatest risk of mortality; and recommend the preferred use of nucleos(t)ide analogues with a high barrier to drug resistance (tenofovir and entecavir and entecavir in children aged 2–11 years) for first- and second-line treatment. These guidelines also recommend lifelong treatment in those with cirrhosis; and regular monitoring for disease progression toxicity of drugs and early detection of HCC. An additional chapter highlights management considerations for specific populations including those coinfected with HIV HCV and hepatitis D virus (HDV); children and adolescents; and pregnant women.