Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Guide to Implementation of Community Harmonisation Directives Based on the New Approach and the Global Approach
Author: Guide to the Implementation of Community Harmonization Directives Based on the New Approach and the Global Approach
Author: European CommissionPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 88
Book Description
Guide to the implementation of community harmonization directives
Author: Guide to the Implementation of Directives Based on the New Approach and the Global Approach
Author: European CommissionPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Det indre marked
Languages : en
Pages : 124
Book Description
Guide to the implementation of directives based on the new approach and the global approach
Author: Regulatory Reform in the Netherlands
Author: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentPublisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN:
Category : Deregulation
Languages : en
Pages : 276
Book Description
The Dutch experience in regulatory reform has vital lessons about the modernisation of the European welfare state and its integration into the European single market. Regulatory reform is the most recent element in the reshaping of the Dutch model. Following reforms to labour markets and the social welfare system in the 1980s, Dutch governments in the 1990s have sought a "new balance between protection and dynamism" based on competition policy, regulatory reform, and market openness. Today, the Netherlands ranks among the top OECD countries by many measures of economic performance, including employment growth. Though still in its early phases, regulatory reform has already produced major gains for the Netherlands in terms of competitiveness, flexibility, and consumer benefits. Yet major challenges are still to be faced. Some important reforms have been slow, indicating that the balance between domestic consensus-building and policy responsiveness is still being adjusted in the modern Dutch model. Further reforms in many areas will bring important gains in boosting the employment rate, improving sectoral performance, and providing social protection at lower cost. The Netherlands is one of the first OECD countries to request a broad review by the OECD of its national regulatory practices and domestic regulatory reforms. This report -- the result of intensive assessment by the OECD and review by its Member countries -- is unique in that it presents an integrated assessment of regulatory reform in framework areas such as the macroeconomic context, the quality of the public sector, competition policy and enforcement, and integration of market openness principles in regulatory processes, and in sectors such as electricity and telecommunications. The policy recommendations present a balanced plan of action for both short and longer-term based on best international regulatory practices.
CE Conformity Marking
Author: Ray TrickerPublisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN: 0750648139
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 301
Book Description
CE Marking can be regarded as a product's trade passport for Europe. This book explains the meaning of CE Marking, its history, how the Directive can affect manufacturers of industrial products, its status, its associated quality management requirements, and how manufacturers can cost-effectively meet the requirements for CE Conformance.
Harmonization, Equivalence and Mutual Recognition of Standards in WTO Law
Author: Humberto Zúñiga SchroderPublisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
ISBN: 9041142754
Category : Law
Languages : en
Pages : 232
Book Description
Standards are a feature of virtually all areas of trade in products and services. Yet, although standards may achieve an efficient economic exchange, they have discriminatory consequences for trading partners when governments formulate or apply them in such a way as to cause obstacles to trade, thus enrolling standards among the increasingly significant ‘non-tariff barriers’ regulated by the WTO. This unique and original study analyses the functions that standards fulfil in the market, their effect on trade, and the legal regime based on harmonization, equivalence and mutual recognition developed by the WTO to deal with standards. The author investigates the way in which both the WTO Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) and the Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) Measures Agreements regulate these three tools, and discusses key topics including: The definition of the concept ‘International Standard’ in the TBT Agreement. Guidelines on equivalence issued by organizations such as the Codex Alimentarius Commission, the World Organization for Animal Health and the International Plant Protection Convention. Parallels between the EC mutual recognition regime and the WTO system. This is the first work on its subject. With its detailed and practical analysis of WTO law on standards, the book is a fundamental reference for practitioners, academics and policy makers in international trade law.
European Administrative Decisions
Author: Andrea M. KeessenPublisher: Europa Law Publishing
ISBN: 9789089520562
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 286
Book Description
In view of the alleged democratic deficit at the European level, it is all the more important that the administration of European law suffers neither from an application or enforcement deficit nor from a judicial deficit. This concern is particularly acute when the Member States depend on each other for the effective implementation of European law. Since the Treaty leaves the administration of European law primarily in the hands of the Member States, without offering a legal basis for the harmonization of procedural administrative law, each area of law has its own administrative procedural rules. It is evaluated in the context of Community product regulation whether the available European rules are adequate to enable the administration to achieve the aims of the legislation (the free movement of authorized products on the internal market and a high level of protection for the environment or public health) and guarantee respect for the right to be heard and the right to judicial protection as well. This book demonstrates that many lessons could be learned from the regulation of products in order to improve the drafting of European legislation that produces European administrative decisions. Then, it is no longer necessary to reinvent the wheel each time effective implementation requires administrative cooperation between the Member States and the Community institutions and bodies. The main result of administrative cooperation between the Member States, with the aid of the Community institutions and bodies, is the creation of administrative decisions with EU-wide effect. This occurs for instance through mutual recognition of administrative decisions. The exchange of information and mutual assistance should give enforcement EU-wide effect as well, but this is still in its infancy in the area of EC product regulation. The development of rules, which ensure respect for the right to be heard and to judicial protection, is also lagging behind. This leads to gaps in the legal protection of individuals.
OECD Reviews of Regulatory Reform: Regulatory Reform in the Netherlands 1999
Author: OECDPublisher: OECD Publishing
ISBN: 9264173773
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 269
Book Description
This book presents an integrated assessment of regulatory reform in the Netherlands in areas such as the macroeconomic context, the quality of the public sector, competition policy and enforcement, and integration of market openness, and in sectors such as electricity and telecommunications.