Author: Thomas Lawrence RauchPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Proteins
Languages : en
Pages : 104
Book Description
Grain Protein Inheritance and Selection Studies in Four Spring Wheat Crosses
Author: Thomas Lawrence RauchPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Proteins
Languages : en
Pages : 104
Book Description
Inheritance of Protein, Lysine, and Selected Traits in Four Spring Wheat Crosses
Author: Steven Lloyd KuhrInheritance of Grain Protein in Two Hard Red Spring Wheat Crosses
Author: Noel Francis BeninatiPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 146
Book Description
Grain Protein Inheritance and Early Generation Testing in Spring Wheat Crosses
Author: Charles The TadiessePublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wheat
Languages : en
Pages : 138
Book Description
Heritability Estimates and Associations for Protein Content and Grain Yield Involving Four Winter Wheat Crosses (Triticum Aestivum Vill., Host) by Polat Solen
Author: Polat SolenPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wheat
Languages : en
Pages : 116
Book Description
Four agronomically and genetically diverse winter wheat parents were utilized as the experimental organisms. Atlas 66 and NB 68513 were selected as cultivars with a high and stable protein content when grown under different environmental condidtions. They are intermediate for grain yield when grown in the Pacific Northwest. Yamhill and Hyslop represented low protein, high yielding cultivars adapted to the Pacific Northwest. Data were obtained from crosses between the two high protein cultivars and the two low protein cultivars based on the performance of the parents and the F1 and F2 generations. These experimental populations were grown in 1971 at the Pendleton Experiment Station and the Central Oregon Experimental site at Madras, Oregon. Measurements were made on an individual plant basis for protein content, grain yield, 50 kernel weight, kernels per spike, tillers per plant and plant height. Differences among and within crosses were determined by the analysis of variance. Information concerning the nature of inheritance was obtained by comparing the F1 and F2 means in relation to performance of the parents; the frequency distribution of the generations for protein content; and by determining broad and narrow sense heritability estimates for the six characters studied. The existence of possible phenotypic associations among the six characters studied was determined by using correlation coefficients. In order to evaluate the possible direct and indirect effects of grain yield and the components of yield on protein content, path coefficient analyses were employed. Significant differences were observed among and within crosses at both the Pendleton and Madras sites for most characters measured. The F1 and F2 mean values were found to be near the mid-parent of the two parents in all four crosses for plant height, 50 kernel weight and kernels per spike. There were several exceptions depending on the particular cross and specific character. Protein content mean values were also intermediate between the two parents for the F1 and F2 generations. In crosses involving Hyslop, the mean values tended to be near the highest parent. Little or no transgressive segregation was noted in the F2 generation. Evidence of non additive gene action was noted both for grain yield and tiller number in the F1 and F2 generations with the mean values exceeding the highest parent in all crosses for grain yield at the Pendleton site. Tillers per plant at Pendleton and both tillers per plant and grain yield at Madras also showed some degree of hybrid vigor, but the magnitude depended on the particular cross. The high broad and narrow sense heritability estimates obtained both at Pendleton and Madras for all traits suggested that there was a large amount of genetic variation present for the characters studied. The narrow sense estimates further suggested that a high percentage of the total genetic variation was due to genes which function in an additive manner. Significant negative correlations were noted between protein content and grain yield including some of the components of yield. In evaluating the direct and indirect effects with path coefficient analysis, these negative associations resulted from the large negative indirect effects of 50 kernel weight and kernels per spike on protein content via grain yield at the Madras site. At the Pendleton site, where moisture became a limiting factor, the negative association resulted largely as the indirect effect of 50 kernel weight on protein content through grain yield. The large environmental influence on protein content was particularly striking at the Pendleton site. With the spring application of nitrogen, a delay in maturity for Hyslop and Yamhill was noted and with the subsequent loss of moisture, shriveled grain resulted and hence a higher protein content with lower grain yield. This resulted in the grain protein of Hyslop and Yamhill being higher than that of Atlas 66 and NB 68513. The results of this study suggest that it may be necessary to compromise in attempting to develop high protein lines with maximum yield. However, it should be possible to increase the protein content two to three percent and still maintain the yielding ability of Hyslop and Yamhill.
Evaluation of Four Quality Factors in a Selected Winter X Spring Wheat Cross (Triticum Aestivum Vill., Host)
Author: Karen Sue SchumakerPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Wheat
Languages : en
Pages : 118
Book Description
The nature of the genetic variation associated with a cross involving winter and spring wheat parents for four quality factors was evaluated. Yamhill, a soft white winter wheat, and Inia 66, a hard red spring wheat, were selected as parents for this study. They represented distinctly different phenotypes for the attributes measured. Parents, F1, F2 and reciprocal backcrosses were examined for protein and lysine content, kernel hardness, and sedimentation value. Significant differences were observed between the two parents for protein content. The F1 mean was lower than the low protein parent with the F2 mean intermediate between the two parents. This latter factor plus a high narrow sense heritability estimate suggest that the genetic variation associated with protein content was largely due to genes which act in an additive manner. Backcrosses to either parent shifted the population toward the mean of the recurrent parent. Transgressive segregation was observed in the F2 for both low and high protein content suggesting that selection for this trait should be effective in early generations. Parents differed significantly for lysine content with the winter parent, Yamhill displaying lysine values approaching the highest previously reported for wheat. Intermediate F1 and F2 population means and a high narrow sense heritability estimate suggest the genes involved function in an additive manner. The backcross progeny to Yamhill had a mean value approaching that of the recurrent parent. No transgressive segregation was observed in the F2 for lysine content higher than Yamhill. It appears that lysine content in this cross is qualitatively inherited and that selection for improved lysine content above Yamhill appears limited. The genetic variation associated with kernel hardness appears to be largely additive with F1 and F2 means intermediate between the two parents and a high narrow sense heritability estimate. Transgressive segregation was observed in the F2 generation for both soft and hard kernel types. Selection for this trait should be effective in early generations. Significant differences were observed for the parental types for sedimentation value. The F1 and F2 means were below the midparent value. No transgressive segregation was observed in the F2 for either low or high sedimentation value. One backcross to the low sedimentation parent brought the population back to the low parent mean. One backcross to the high sedimentation parent shifted the population toward the recurrent parent but no individuals were recovered that approached the high parent. From this study it appears that selection for high sedimentation value types would be very difficult. Evidence provided in this study supports the concept that winter x spring crosses can provide useable genetic variation for desirable quality factors.
Inheritance of Kernel Protein Content in Five Spring Wheat Crosses
Author: D. R. SampsonSelection Criteria for Grain Protein, Grain Yield, and Nitrogen Translocation, and Their Relationships in Three Spring Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Crosses
Author: Carlos Marcelo LofflerPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nitrogen
Languages : en
Pages : 86
Book Description
Association and Inheritance of Several Agronomic Characters in Four Wheat Crosses
Author: Mohammad M. El-AjlouniPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Durum wheat
Languages : en
Pages : 71
Book Description
"Inheritance mechanisms for fifteen plant characters of wheat (Triticum durum) Desf. were studied in the F2, F3, and F4 generations in four crosses derived from four parents grown in Jubeiha, University of Jordan Campus during 1984 and 1985 seasons. The parents are Hourani, Mexicali 75, Yamuna, and Njoro 227. Phenotypic associations between grain yield and its components were high, while the morpho-physiological traits have poor positive association with grain yield and its components. Estimates of broad sense heritability indicated low to high values for all traits except number of spikelets/spike, spike length, and flag leaf area which showed low to medium values. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance for some characters such as total seed number/plant, plant height, and main spike seed number and weight indicated that selection for these traits will be valuable. Some characters showed high values for additive gene action in some crosses which mean that selection for these characters could be practiced in early generation. In Hourani x Mexicali 75 cross, heritability values were high in most of the characters. This cross also showed strong association between grain yield and other characters."--Page iv.
Inheritance Studies in a Spring Wheat Cross
Author: John Michael PurcellPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 114
Book Description