Genotyping and Phenotypic Analysis of Streptococcus Mutans Isolates From Children With and Without Dental Caries PDF Download
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Author: Aaron Bottner Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Within dental plaque, Streptococcus mutans produces acids from fermentable carbohydrates, decreasing the biofilm pH, causing enamel demineralization. S. mutans produces persisters, dormant variants of cells that survive lethal antibiotic concentrations without developing antibiotic resistance. Persisters have been associated with infection chronicity. We hypothesized that phenotypic heterogeneity of S. mutans is directly associated with cariogenicity. S. mutans were isolated from plaque collected from caries-free (CF) children and children with Severe Early Childhood Caries (S-ECC). For each identified genotype, an acid tolerance analysis was performed and persisters were quantified. In S-ECC patients with >1 strain, the dominant strain exhibited higher cell survival following exposure to pH 3.2, whereas in CF patients, survival was similar. S. mutans isolates from S-ECC patients produced ~15x more persisters than isolates from CF patients. S. mutans exhibits phenotypic diversity. The ability of S. mutans to produce high levels of persisters may be a hallmark of cariogenicity.
Author: Aaron Bottner Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Within dental plaque, Streptococcus mutans produces acids from fermentable carbohydrates, decreasing the biofilm pH, causing enamel demineralization. S. mutans produces persisters, dormant variants of cells that survive lethal antibiotic concentrations without developing antibiotic resistance. Persisters have been associated with infection chronicity. We hypothesized that phenotypic heterogeneity of S. mutans is directly associated with cariogenicity. S. mutans were isolated from plaque collected from caries-free (CF) children and children with Severe Early Childhood Caries (S-ECC). For each identified genotype, an acid tolerance analysis was performed and persisters were quantified. In S-ECC patients with >1 strain, the dominant strain exhibited higher cell survival following exposure to pH 3.2, whereas in CF patients, survival was similar. S. mutans isolates from S-ECC patients produced ~15x more persisters than isolates from CF patients. S. mutans exhibits phenotypic diversity. The ability of S. mutans to produce high levels of persisters may be a hallmark of cariogenicity.
Author: Vincent A. Fischetti Publisher: ISBN: Category : Bacterial vaccines Languages : en Pages : 760
Book Description
This book is the only single volume to deal with all aspects of gram–positive pathogens. It addresses the mechanisms of gram–positive bacterial pathogenicity, including the current knowledge on gram–positive structure and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance. Emphasizing streptococci, staphylococci, listeria, and spore–forming pathogens, Gram–Positive Pathogens includes chapters written by many of the leading researchers in these areas. The chapters systematically dissect these organisms biologically, genetically, and immunologically in an attempt to understand the strategies used by these bacteria to cause human disease.
Author: Vincent A. Fischetti Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1683672879 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 2803
Book Description
Gram-positive bacteria, lacking an outer membrane and related secretory systems and having a thick peptidoglycan, have developed novel approaches to pathogenesis by acquiring (among others) a unique family of surface proteins, toxins, enzymes, and prophages. For the new edition, the editors have enhanced this fully researched compendium of Gram-positive bacterial pathogens by including new data generated using genomic sequencing as well as the latest knowledge on Gram-positive structure and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance and theories on the mechanisms of Gram-positive bacterial pathogenicity. This edition emphasizes streptococci, staphylococci, listeria, and spore-forming pathogens, with chapters written by many of the leading researchers in these areas. The chapters systematically dissect these organisms biologically, genetically, and immunologically, in an attempt to understand the strategies used by these bacteria to cause human disease. “This textbook comprises a superb collection of scientific knowledge making it a must-read for any graduate student, medical doctor, or investigator studying these gram-positive bacteria and inspiring future imaginations of biological knowledge.” - William R. Jacobs, Jr., PhD, Professor Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Author: Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand ISBN: 1789237343 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 178
Book Description
This book provides information to the readers starting with the history of oral hygiene manners, and modern oral hygiene practices. It continues with the prevalence and etiology of caries and remedy of caries through natural sources. Etiology of secondary caries in prosthetic restorations and the relationship between orthodontic treatment and caries is addressed. An update of early childhood caries is presented. The use of visual-tactile method, radiography and fluorescence in caries detection is given. The book finishes with methods used for the prevention of white spot lesions and management of caries.
Author: Natália Martins Publisher: MDPI ISBN: 3039434381 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 204
Book Description
The use of medical devices (e.g., catheters, implants, and probes) is a common and essential part of medical care for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. However, these devices quite frequently lead to the incidence of infections due to the colonization of their abiotic surfaces by biofilm-growing microorganisms, which are progressively resistant to antimicrobial therapies. Several methods based on anti-infective biomaterials that repel microbes have been developed to combat device-related infections. Among these strategies, surface coating with antibiotics (e.g., beta-lactams), natural compounds (e.g., polyphenols), or inorganic elements (e.g., silver and copper nanoparticles) has been widely recognized as exhibiting broad-spectrum bactericidal or bacteriostatic activity. So, in order to achieve a better therapeutic response, it is crucial to understand how these infections are different from others. This will allow us to find new biomaterials characterized by antifouling coatings with repellent properties or low adhesion towards microorganisms, or antimicrobial coatings that are capable of killing microbes approaching the surface, improving biomaterial functionalization strategies and supporting tissues’ bio-integration.
Author: David P. Cappelli Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences ISBN: 0323036953 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 312
Book Description
This book focuses on oral health promotion and the impact of systemic disease in the development of oral disease, as well as how to introduce, apply, and communicate prevention to a patient with a defined risk profile. Prevention in Clinical Oral Health Care integrates preventive approaches into clinical practice, and is a valuable tool for all health care professionals to integrate oral health prevention as a component of their overall preventive message to the patient. Discusses risk-based approaches to prevent problems such as caries, periodontal disease, and oral cancer. Topics are written at a level that can be understood by both practicing dental health team members and by dental hygiene and dental students so strategies can be applied to better understand the patient's risk for oral disease and how to prevent future disease. Identifies the barriers, oral health care needs, and preventive strategies for special populations such as children, the elderly, and the physically or mentally disabled. Explores the development of a culturally sensitive dental practice and strategies to make the dental environment more welcoming to individuals with different cultural backgrounds. Discusses how to gather patient information, the synthesis of the patient's data, and the application of the information collected in order to evaluate the patient's risk for disease.
Author: Zhou Xuedong Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3662474506 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 187
Book Description
This book is a well-illustrated and comprehensive guide to the etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, clinical management and prevention of dental caries. Current challenging problems in the field are analyzed and the latest research findings, presented. After an introductory chapter on tooth development, the relationships of biofilm and saliva to dental caries and the significance of the balance between demineralization and remineralization for the development of carious lesions are discussed. Subsequent chapters address the state of the art in diagnosis and treatment, the implications of disease burden for prevention and the association between systemic diseases and dental caries. Dental Caries: Principles and Management is intended for dental school students, practicing dentists and researchers in dentistry.
Author: David Ricketts Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences ISBN: 0702046973 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 277
Book Description
This Elsevier title is a Pageburst product which provides you with the printed volume PLUS an e-book. Pageburst (formerly Evolve eBooks) allows you to quickly search the entire book, make notes, add highlights, and study more efficiently. Buying other Pageburst titles makes your learning experience even better: all of the eBooks will work together on your electronic 'bookshelf' so that you can search across your entire electronic library. Advanced Operative Dentistry: A Practical Approach is a brand new volume that addresses the use of fixed prosthodontics in a single handy reference source. Prepared by editors and contributors of international renown, this volume places unique emphasis on the biological basis of effective treatment planning by describing the diagnosis, aetiology, risk assessment and preventive management of diseases and disorders and how these factors are integral to predictable long-term patient outcomes. Advanced Operative Dentistry: A Practical Approach also gives clear advice on the selection and use of modern dental materials and describes how teeth are prepared – and to what extent – for indirect restorations such as crowns, bridges, veneers, inlays and onlays. The book also explores the use of complex indirect fixed prosthodontics which brings with it specific issues of restoration design, retention and occlusal management. Recognising that great deal of emphasis is placed on aesthetic dentistry by patient and dentist alike, this text also discusses factors which can impact upon aesthetics and how the aesthetic demands of patients can be met in a realistic and ethical manner. Clearly written and fully illustrated throughout, this practical step-by-step guide will be ideal for undergraduate dental students, vocational trainees and practitioners undertaking post-graduate exams. - Prepared by editors and contributors of international renown - Contains an abundance of full colour, clinical illustrations to show the results that can be achieved in real life - Describes how to achieve the best appearance in order to meet increasing patient expectations - Discusses the use of fixed prosthodontics in one volume and how fixed and removable prosthodontics can be integrated - Gives unique emphasis on the preventative, biological approach to the use of fixed prosthodontics in order to ensure positive long-term treatment outcomes - Clearly illustrates why aspects of tooth preparation are necessary and how the construction of restorations influences their fit - Provides an integrated, multidisciplinary step-by-step guide to the provision of indirect fixed restorations - Provides guidance on effective communication with laboratory staff to ensure high-quality tooth preparation - Describes the correct handling of materials and restorations when being fitted - Presents the latest findings regarding the use of contemporary materials and techniques – such as the use of Expasyl, Protemp temporary crowns, CAD and CAM crowns - Comprehensive coverage of the subject area makes cross-referencing to other books unnecessary
Author: Ivano de Filippis Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1627031855 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 475
Book Description
Molecular Typing in Bacterial Infections covers common bacterial pathogenic agents, with the most effective methods for their identification and classification in the light of their specific epidemiology. The book will be a valuable resource for molecular typing of infectious diseases agents encountered in both the research and hospital clinical lab settings, as well as culture collections. Each chapter provides an overview of molecular approaches to typing bacterial pathogens. Part I gives a general overview of typing methods used in the traditional microbiology laboratory in comparison to molecular methods of epidemiology. In Part II, the relative strengths and weaknesses of the different methods applicable to the specific agents of infectious diseases are emphasized. Specific emphasis is placed on recent changes and updates in molecular typing.
Author: Aaron Bottner
Author: Aaron Bottner
Author: Naif Jalal
Author: Vincent A. Fischetti
Author: Vincent A. Fischetti
Author: 
Author: Natália Martins
Author: David P. Cappelli
Author: Zhou Xuedong
Author: David Ricketts
Author: Ivano de Filippis