Genetic Structure and Connectivity of the Endangered Giant Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys Ingens) in a Heterogeneous Environment PDF Download
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Author: Nathan Alexander Publisher: ISBN: Category : Endangered species Languages : en Pages : 68
Book Description
Movement ecology and dispersal are important aspects of species' life histories that can inform conservation and management. Dispersal is often cryptic and difficult to detect, but recent advances genetic technology and applications have provided new approaches to identifying and describing dispersal patterns. Giant kangaroo rats (Dipodomys ingens) are an endangered heteromyid that appear to persist in small subpopulations in a heterogeneous environment of their northern range, the Ciervo-Panoche Natural Area, California. Previous work suggested high levels of genetic diversity between populations with genetic distances not being correlated to geographic distances. Here, I identified landscape population structure through clustering programs STRUCTURE and TESS, as well as a Moran Eigenvector Map. I identified straight-line geographic distance between related individuals using the program COLONY. Finally, I evaluated parameterization and combinations of hypothesized costs created from precipitation, slope, vegetation, and roads for Isolation by Resistance and least cost path using mantel and partial mantel tests. TESS and STRUCTURE identified 3-4 subpopulations, but this structure is most likely due to Isolation by Distance effects. I identified a full-sibling pair 5.52km apart. The best model suggested that straight-line geographic distance as well as slopes greater than 10 degrees negatively influenced dispersal. Conservation and de-listing of giant kangaroo rats will be dependent on habitat protection and creation rather than corridor protection.
Author: Nathan Alexander Publisher: ISBN: Category : Endangered species Languages : en Pages : 68
Book Description
Movement ecology and dispersal are important aspects of species' life histories that can inform conservation and management. Dispersal is often cryptic and difficult to detect, but recent advances genetic technology and applications have provided new approaches to identifying and describing dispersal patterns. Giant kangaroo rats (Dipodomys ingens) are an endangered heteromyid that appear to persist in small subpopulations in a heterogeneous environment of their northern range, the Ciervo-Panoche Natural Area, California. Previous work suggested high levels of genetic diversity between populations with genetic distances not being correlated to geographic distances. Here, I identified landscape population structure through clustering programs STRUCTURE and TESS, as well as a Moran Eigenvector Map. I identified straight-line geographic distance between related individuals using the program COLONY. Finally, I evaluated parameterization and combinations of hypothesized costs created from precipitation, slope, vegetation, and roads for Isolation by Resistance and least cost path using mantel and partial mantel tests. TESS and STRUCTURE identified 3-4 subpopulations, but this structure is most likely due to Isolation by Distance effects. I identified a full-sibling pair 5.52km apart. The best model suggested that straight-line geographic distance as well as slopes greater than 10 degrees negatively influenced dispersal. Conservation and de-listing of giant kangaroo rats will be dependent on habitat protection and creation rather than corridor protection.
Author: William Timothy Bean Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 124
Book Description
Monitoring a species' distribution and abundance is a critical component in both applied and theoretical ecology. Wildlife managers demand effective and efficient methods for monitoring species of concern. Theoretical ecologists, as well, need accurate estimates of species' distributions and abundance, and measures of the quality of habitat that determines these parameters. Recent advances in species distribution models have suggested an inexpensive and robust way forward for estimating habitat suitability, but these models have rarely addressed species distributions at ecologically relevant spatial or temporal scales. Further, few studies have examined the relationship between habitat suitability, as estimated from species distribution models, and habitat quality, a better predictor of long-term population persistence. In this study, I (1) test current methods for monitoring giant kangaroo rat population extent and abundance; (2) create novel species distribution models that incorporate primary productivity as an ecological predictor for giant kangaroo rat distribution; and (3) test whether these models are actually related to independent measures of habitat quality. Aerial surveys are shown to be a reliable estimator for giant kangaroo rat population extent. Burrow counts may be a reliable index of long-term population size, but are inadequate to detecting short-term changes in size or growth. Distribution models that incorporate ecologically relevant variables on annual time scales are shown to better predict giant kangaroo rat distribution than static models that assume the species is at equilibrium. Finally, species distribution models perform well at measuring long-term giant kangaroo rat abundance, and temporally explicit models predict short-term abundance, but species distribution models are generally incapable of adequately distinguishing between high and low quality habitat as measured by survival or body condition.
Author: Charles Taylor Vorhies Publisher: DigiCat ISBN: Category : Fiction Languages : en Pages : 98
Book Description
"Life History of the Kangaroo Rat" is research on a kangaroo rat's morphology, looks, build, and habits. The book is written by the entomologist from the Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Arizona, Charles T. Vorhies, and the biologist from the Bureau of Biological Survey, U. S. Department of Agriculture. It shares details of how kangaroo rats build their homes, store their food, their natural enemies, and many more.
Author: Charles Taylor Vorhies Publisher: ISBN: Category : Agriculture Languages : en Pages : 60
Book Description
This bulletin, a joint contribution of the Bureau of Biological Survey and the Arizona Agricultural Experiment Station, contains a summary of the results of investigations of the relation of a subspecies of kangaroo rat to the carrying capacity of the open ranges, being one phase of a general study of the life histories of rodent groups as they affect agriculture, forestry, and grazing.
Author: Ivy V. Widick Publisher: ISBN: Category : Kangaroo rats Languages : en Pages : 64
Book Description
Climate is often considered the single most important factor limiting species' ranges. Other factors, such as biotic interactions, are often assumed to be included via abiotic proxies. However, differential responses to climate change may decouple these relationships or lead to adaptation to novel environments. Accounting for competition and local adaptation should more accurately describe environmental factors influencing current distributions and increase the predictive accuracy of future distributions. Modeling the endangered giant kangaroo rat (Dipodomys ingens) is an excellent application of these model improvements, as the species range consists of geographically and genetically isolated populations experiencing disparate climatic change. From eight years of trapping data, I used Maxent to model the distributions of two isolated populations of D. ingens. Using local surveys and state-wide data, I also modeled California ground squirrels (Otospermophilus beecheyi), a potential novel competitor. Models included landscape variables (slope and soil composition) and climate variables (temperature, precipitation, and climatic water deficit). Niche overlap between the D. ingens populations was moderate (I = 0.43), suggesting that they already experience different climatic regimes and providing support for population-level modeling. Projecting population models into the future, under a high emission climate change scenario (CCSM4, rcp8.5), resulted in less predicted range contraction than modeling the species as a whole. However, forecasted distributions showed areas of increasing niche overlap between the Panoche population of D. ingens and O. beecheyi (I = 0.63 to 0.74), indicating competition could be a novel range limit. These species distribution models identify range limiting factors and detect potentially important future habitat. However, 27% of modeled suitable habitat is currently in agricultural use, preventing D. ingens occupation. In combination with historical distribution models, we can target key areas to prevent further anthropogenic development and to protect the giant kangaroo rat within an endangered ecosystem.
Author: Darren J. Bender Publisher: Alberta Sustainable Resource Development ISBN: 9780778591689 Category : Dipodomys ordii Languages : en Pages : 17
Book Description
The Ord's kangaroo rat (Dipodomys ordii) is considered an endangered species, and is the only kangaroo rat to occur in Canada. The Recovery Plan for Ord's kangaroo rat in Alberta identifies a number of activities necessary for recovery, including identification of distribution, habitat requirements, and essential habitat. This report presents information on the current distribution and habitat requirements for the species across Alberta, using statistical modeling to identify key habitat features from the Ord's kangaroo rat occurrences observed in two years of standard population monitoring. Two goals were intended for the study: to produce a habitat model that could estimate the distribution of the kangaroo rat habitat across its range and predict the species' occurrence in Alberta; and to validate the model using population monitoring data obtained in the subsequent years with reporting on the predictive capacity of the model.--Document.
Author: Nathan Alexander
Author: Nathan Alexander
Author: Loni D. Cooper
Author: William Timothy Bean
Author: 
Author: Joseph Grinnell
Author: Charles Taylor Vorhies
Author: Charles Taylor Vorhies
Author: Ivy V. Widick
Author: Darren J. Bender
Author: Allison Busch