Genetic Diversity and Population Structure Analysis of Bambara Groundnut (Vigna Subterranea (L.) Verdc.) Landraces Using Morpho-agronomic Characters and SSR Markers PDF Download

Author: Odireleng Ozie Molosiwa
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bambara groundnut
Languages : en
Pages : 518

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Author: Ozie Odireleng Molosiwa
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Bambara groundnut is an indigenous African legume grown mainly in sub-Saharan Africa; it is an important source of protein to the rural majority. There are no established varieties and subsistence farmers grow locally adapted landraces which are generally low yielding. Bambara groundnut is a predominantly self-pollinating crop and is expected to exist as non-identical inbred lines, although the previous lack of co-dominant markers has prevented a formal assessment of heterozygosity within bambara groundnut genotypes. A total set of 75 microsatellites that were characterised in this study were used to investigate the genetic diversity of a set of 24 bambara groundnut landraces, to provide an evaluation of the markers for polymorphism and provide a link with DArT marker data that were previously analysed. Sixty eight microsatellites were identified that were found to be consistent and reproducible, from which a set of markers were selected and used for genetic variability studies of bambara groundnut, to compare the use of molecular markers with morphological markers, and to investigate using SSR markers in pure line selection. The genetic diversity of bambara groundnut was assessed based on morphological characters for two seasons; in a glasshouse experiment at the University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, UK and in a field experiment that was conducted at the Botswana College of Agriculture (Notwane farm), Gaborone in a randomised block design with three replicates. The landraces were characterised for 24 quantitative and 13 qualitative characters. The results indicated considerable variation for quantitative characters, while significant morphological differences were also recorded for most characters. Multivariate data analysis was conducted using principal component analysis, cluster analysis and heritability estimates were developed. The low cost, simplicity and agricultural relevance of morphological characterisation makes it an important tool in germplasm genetic variation studies. Thirty four lines from field experiments were investigated for genetic diversity based on 20 microsatellites. The expected heterozygosity (He) had an average of 1 in agreement with the fact that bambara groundnut is predominantly self-pollinating. Both cluster analysis and principle component analysis (PCoA) grouped landraces based mainly on their areas of origin. A thorough molecular analysis of genetic and morphological variation in bambara groundnut was conducted to investigate the relationship between the two assessment techniques. This comparison will assist in breeders making informed decisions as to which approach is best to use in germplasm characterisation and plant breeding and how best to apply such knowledge in practical situations. DNA markers could then aid with the selection of germplasm for breeding, quality control within breeding programmes and, potentially, direct selection via Marker Assisted Selection (MAS). Euclidean distance estimates for morphological data and (Nei's 1972) genetic distance estimates for SSR data were strongly correlated (r = 0.7; P

Author: Simon E. Bull
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2832543111
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 341

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Orphan crops play an important role in food and nutrition security especially in growing economies where small-holder farmers produce the majority of food. Despite their importance in global agriculture and their often remarkable nutrient content and adaptation to challenging environmental conditions, orphan crops have received limited attention by the scientific community and industry. However, the diversity of neglected plant species provides a large genetic resource that could significantly contribute to broadening the biodiversity of trait-desired crops for novel value chains, sustainable development and food security. The uptake of new plant breeding techniques, notably genome editing, as well as ‘omic’ tools, are now accelerating translation of basic research and facilitating the exploration of orphan crops. These advancements also give rise to public and politic engagement discussions to maximize socio-economic impact. Given that the greatest need for food and nutritional security is in growing economies, issues of food sovereignty and sustainability of their food systems become front-and-centre. There is now an exceptional opportunity to tackle some of the major current challenges in agriculture, including climate change, sustainable cropping systems, food quality, and nutritional security through broadening research in wild relatives of crops and on orphan species. This Research Topic seeks to showcase research on neglected plants using advanced molecular technologies (e.g. genome sequencing, 'omics', etc) and new plant breeding approaches, methods, and tools. This Research Topic will also discuss the challenges and opportunities arising when modern breeding techniques are applied for translational research.

Author: Patrick Omoregie Isibor
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031333705
Category : Biotechnology
Languages : en
Pages : 319

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Biotechnological Approaches to Sustainable Development Goals presents selected contributions from the 2022 International Biotechnology Conference Exhibition and Workshop (IBCEW) that cover techniques, current trends, and cutting-edge biotechnological tools for achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs). The authors explore recent advances that solve challenges related to sustainable agriculture, climate change, prevention and control of pandemics, biotechnology for a sustainable economy, and biotechnological industries and SDGs. The IBCEW aims to share knowledge, experiences, and ideas among scientists, academics, students, industry representatives, and other professionals interested in biotechnology and attaining SDGs for development in Nigeria, Africa, and globally. Examines health and environmental sustainability challenges in Africa and globally; Introduces biotechnological tools for achieving sustainable development goals; Includes contributions from scientists, academics, and industry representatives.

Author:
Publisher: Bioversity International
ISBN: 9290434619
Category : Bambara groundnut
Languages : en
Pages : 57

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Author: Wazael Hillary Ntundu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 149

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Author: International Bambara Groundnut Network. International Workshop
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bambara groundnut
Languages : en
Pages : 138

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Author: Nariman Salih Ahmad
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Languages : en
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Author: Festo J. Massawe
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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: Sayed N. Azam-Ali
Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN: 9789251045794
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 64

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This report describes an approach to assess locations and areal expenses that have potential for the production of bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc) across the world. The methodology was applied both to regions such as Africa, where the crop is widely cultivated but where experimental evidence is limited, and to new regions that have not previously been associated with bambara groundnut but where environmental factors are conductive for productive growth. A weather generator and a crop simulation model of bambara groundnut (BAMnut) were incorporated into a Geographical Information System (GIS) to predict, for the first time, bambara groundnut production for the world. BAMnut is a process-based model that uses physiological principles to describe the capture and use of environmental resources principally solar radiation and soil moisture. This mechanistic approach allows crop growth and yield to be predicted for regions beyond those used in the development of the model or regions where bambara groundnut is currently cultivated. The preliminary identification of potentially suitable areas for production, based on the agro-ecological requirements of the crop, serve as a useful prelude to detailed field investigations on bambara groundnut to identify appropriate management practices and may provide a basis for a similar assessment on many other underutilized crops.--Publisher's description.