Author: Ch Sudhakar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 155
Book Description
Genetic Divergence Studies in Maghi Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench).
Studies on Morphological Characterisation and Genetic Divergence in Rabi Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench).
Studies on Genetic Divergence and Character Association in Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L) Moench) for Forage Yield and Quality Parameter
Heterosis and Its Relation to Parental Genetic Divergence in Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor(L.) Moench)
Author: PAWAR SHANKARA RAO V
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 127
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 127
Book Description
Genetic Diversity and Evolution of Disease Response Genes in Sorghum Bicolor L. Moench and Other Cereals
Author: Alejandro Zamora-Melendez
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Several studies have shown that disease resistance genes diverge under recurrent positive selection as a result of a molecular arms-race between hosts and pathogens. However, these studies have been conducted mainly in animals and few plant genes have been shown to evolve adaptively. The study of plant molecular adaptation for disease resistance is fundamental to our understanding of plant-microbe interactions and to the development of novel plant breeding strategies. Here, we combined information from the expression pattern of Sorghum bicolor genes and their divergence to rice in order to identify candidate disease response genes (DRGs). We used evolutionary analyses of orthologous DRG sets from grass species to identify positively selected genes and the targeted residues. Six genes showed a pattern of substitution consistent with positive selection: a thaumatin, a peroxidase and a barley mlo homolog, all known antifungal proteins; and a MADS box gene, an eIF5 gene and a gene of unknown function: SESPY. All adaptive sites mapped to the surface of the crystal structures of peroxidase and thaumatin and several are close to the active sites. This information provides a basis for functional validation studies, the identification of accessions having variation at important residues and the rational design of DRGs. Rapid divergence through positive selection should correlate to reduced intraspecific polymorphism. Here we compare the macroevolution and intraspecific polymorphism of positively selected disease response genes and show that the patterns of polymorphism found are consistent with both selective sweeps and balancing selection. The sorghum mlo homolog and SESPY, have old, divergent alleles, while a peroxidase and a gene with a RNA binding domain have significantly reduced diversity suggesting a recent selective sweep. Finally, we show that sorghum DRGs are significantly closer to the telomere and have more exons than a control set of evenly expressed genes. The evidence from gene location; structure; macro-evolution and polymorphism of these DRGs point to the great selective pressure produced by pathogens which has driven the evolution of cereal genome content, order and function.
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Several studies have shown that disease resistance genes diverge under recurrent positive selection as a result of a molecular arms-race between hosts and pathogens. However, these studies have been conducted mainly in animals and few plant genes have been shown to evolve adaptively. The study of plant molecular adaptation for disease resistance is fundamental to our understanding of plant-microbe interactions and to the development of novel plant breeding strategies. Here, we combined information from the expression pattern of Sorghum bicolor genes and their divergence to rice in order to identify candidate disease response genes (DRGs). We used evolutionary analyses of orthologous DRG sets from grass species to identify positively selected genes and the targeted residues. Six genes showed a pattern of substitution consistent with positive selection: a thaumatin, a peroxidase and a barley mlo homolog, all known antifungal proteins; and a MADS box gene, an eIF5 gene and a gene of unknown function: SESPY. All adaptive sites mapped to the surface of the crystal structures of peroxidase and thaumatin and several are close to the active sites. This information provides a basis for functional validation studies, the identification of accessions having variation at important residues and the rational design of DRGs. Rapid divergence through positive selection should correlate to reduced intraspecific polymorphism. Here we compare the macroevolution and intraspecific polymorphism of positively selected disease response genes and show that the patterns of polymorphism found are consistent with both selective sweeps and balancing selection. The sorghum mlo homolog and SESPY, have old, divergent alleles, while a peroxidase and a gene with a RNA binding domain have significantly reduced diversity suggesting a recent selective sweep. Finally, we show that sorghum DRGs are significantly closer to the telomere and have more exons than a control set of evenly expressed genes. The evidence from gene location; structure; macro-evolution and polymorphism of these DRGs point to the great selective pressure produced by pathogens which has driven the evolution of cereal genome content, order and function.
Morphological and Molecular Analysis of Genetic Diversity in Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) [With CD Copy]
Author: Mohammad Shafiqurrahaman
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 6
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 6
Book Description
Genetics of Yield Heterosis in Sorghum(Sorghum Bicolor L.Moench)
Author: Jhansi Rani
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783659437717
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 268
Book Description
Post rainy sorghum is unique to India, which is mostly grown on residual soil moisture in southern states, subjected to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Keeping in view the low heterosis in post rainy hybrids compared to rainy season hybrids, the study was taken up with 41 genotypes to enumerate the approaches for enhancing the level of heterosis. There was a positive relationship between heterosis for grain yield and major yield components. Genetic diversity analysis showed importance of inter as well as intra group divergence in expression of heterosis. There was a general positive trend between hybrid yield and sca effect but at least one general combiner was involved in highest yielding crosses and there was positive relationship between heterosis and mean gca of parents. Major yield components were controlled by non additive gene effects hence it is proposed to breed parental lines with high gca effect with capability to produce high sca effect in hybrid combination to enhance the level of heterosis and productivity. The information in this book is useful for sorghum breeders and geneticists for formulating effective crop improvement programme.
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN: 9783659437717
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 268
Book Description
Post rainy sorghum is unique to India, which is mostly grown on residual soil moisture in southern states, subjected to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Keeping in view the low heterosis in post rainy hybrids compared to rainy season hybrids, the study was taken up with 41 genotypes to enumerate the approaches for enhancing the level of heterosis. There was a positive relationship between heterosis for grain yield and major yield components. Genetic diversity analysis showed importance of inter as well as intra group divergence in expression of heterosis. There was a general positive trend between hybrid yield and sca effect but at least one general combiner was involved in highest yielding crosses and there was positive relationship between heterosis and mean gca of parents. Major yield components were controlled by non additive gene effects hence it is proposed to breed parental lines with high gca effect with capability to produce high sca effect in hybrid combination to enhance the level of heterosis and productivity. The information in this book is useful for sorghum breeders and geneticists for formulating effective crop improvement programme.
Genetic Diversity Analysis of Lowland Sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) Landraces Under Moisture Stress Conditions and Breeding for Drought Tolerance in North Eastern Ethiopia
Author: Amelework Beyene Assefa
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Farmers
Languages : en
Pages : 364
Book Description
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Farmers
Languages : en
Pages : 364
Book Description