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Author: Christopher Nwadike Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing ISBN: 9783659670121 Category : Languages : en Pages : 132
Book Description
This study apparently reveals the state of research in Common bean (phaseolus vulgaris L) in terms of crop improvement, been at its lowest level or non- existent in Nigeria. The study characterized some landraces of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) using mophor-agronomic traits by multivariate analysis during 2012 wet season to determine the extent of qualitative and quantitative Genetic variability. Accessions with appreciable performance were identified and suggested for further breeding programme. This compilation is written in simple language and easy to replicate methodology with pictures and figures for better grasp of the researched results. The study will be useful to plant breeders, plant scientist, geneticist and research a student carrying out diversity studies especially in lost and underutilized crop plants of leguminous species and others as well as a guide to identifying ecotypes/accessions/landraces with potentials for high yield as such enables generation of baseline data necessary for the development of a crop improvement programme.
Author: Christopher Nwadike Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing ISBN: 9783659670121 Category : Languages : en Pages : 132
Book Description
This study apparently reveals the state of research in Common bean (phaseolus vulgaris L) in terms of crop improvement, been at its lowest level or non- existent in Nigeria. The study characterized some landraces of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) using mophor-agronomic traits by multivariate analysis during 2012 wet season to determine the extent of qualitative and quantitative Genetic variability. Accessions with appreciable performance were identified and suggested for further breeding programme. This compilation is written in simple language and easy to replicate methodology with pictures and figures for better grasp of the researched results. The study will be useful to plant breeders, plant scientist, geneticist and research a student carrying out diversity studies especially in lost and underutilized crop plants of leguminous species and others as well as a guide to identifying ecotypes/accessions/landraces with potentials for high yield as such enables generation of baseline data necessary for the development of a crop improvement programme.
Author: Marcelino Pérez de la Vega Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319635263 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 304
Book Description
This book provides insights into the genetics and the latest advances in genomics research on the common bean, offering a timely overview of topics that are pertinent for future developments in legume genomics. The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most important grain legume crop for food consumption worldwide, as well as a model for legume research, and the availability of the genome sequence has completely changed the paradigm of the ongoing research on the species. Key topics covered include the numerous genetic and genomic resources, available tools, the identified genes and quantitative trait locus (QTL) identified, and there is a particular emphasis on domestication. It is a valuable resource for students and researchers interested in the genetics and genomics of the common bean and legumes in general.
Author: Fitsum Alemayehu Shenkute Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing ISBN: 9783659143403 Category : Languages : de Pages : 84
Book Description
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is one of the most important and diverse legume staples consumed worldwide, especially in Latin America and in East and southern Africa. Some 12 million metric tons are produced annually worldwide, of which about 8 million tons are from Latin America and Africa. Improving productivity of this crop is crucial to change the livelihood of the poor farmers. Generating genetic information is base for the improvement of crop via exploiting the existing and introduced genotypes. Prediction of the gene action at early stage also helps to know the existing variability early and to take breeding decision about the population.
Author: Paul Gepts Publisher: Springer ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 636
Book Description
Phaseolus germplasm exploration and maintenance (Phaseolus germplasm exploration; Phaseolus seed storage methodologies; Centralized database for the common bean and its use in diversity analysis; Phaseolus world collection; Base collection of wild and botanical forms of Phaseoleae-Pheseolinae; The international Phaseolus germplasm netwook); Domestication and evoluation of Phaseolus sp. with special reference to P. vulgaris (Phaseolus in archaelogy; MOrphological, physiological, and biochemical changes in Phaseolus beans under domestication; The wild relative of Phaseolus vulgaris in middle america; Wild ancestor of Phaseolus vulgaris in South America; Phaseolus as an evolutionary marker); Genetics of Phaseolus vulgaris (Genotypic and phenotypic markers in common bean; Linkage mapping of marker genes in common bean; Genetic structure of bean landraces in Malawi; Middle american and an andrean common bean gene pool); Genetic resources, domestication, and evoluation of other cultivated Phaseolus species; Utilization of Phaseolus genetic resources (Phaseolus genetic resources and breeding in Brazil; Interspecific hybridization betmeen Phaseolus vulgaris and P. acutifolius; Selection methods in the common bean Phaseolus vulgaris; Transper of qualitative traits in wide crosses involving the common bean Phaseolus vulgaris; Utilization fo genetic resources in teh development of commercial bean cultivars in the U.S.A.
Author: Jorge Carlos Berny Mier y Teran Publisher: ISBN: 9780355967524 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Drought is the main constraint in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) production. Although breeding efforts to increase drought resistance have shown gains in productivity, their full potential remains untapped. Improvements have been limited by the complexity of the trait involved, limited germplasm recombination, and most importantly, the poorly understood genetic basis of tolerance. To gain information about the genetics and mechanism(s) of drought adaptation, I explored the genetic diversity of wild and domesticated Mesoamerican gene pool of the species through genetic analyses in natural, bi-parental, and multi-parental populations. In the first chapter, I evaluated root and shoot traits in a large panel of wild accessions and reference domesticated cultivars, both from the Mesoamerican distribution of common bean, in a greenhouse tube experiment. The domesticated beans were, in general, more vigorous and deeper-rooted than wild beans. Nevertheless, some wild beans were outstanding in their productivity and rooting capacity. A comparison of the measured phenotypic traits with the climatic and soil characteristics of the location of origin of the individual wild bean accessions showed that most traits were significantly associated with mean annual temperature and aridity. The most deeply rooted and productive accessions originated from the driest regions. Each wild accession was genotyped with both a SNP array and a GBS platform; three populations of wild bean accessions were identified, of which the most productive, deeply rooted, and more drought-tolerant population, originating from Central and North-West Mexico and Oaxaca. Through genome-wide association analyses, genomic regions associated with productivity, root depth, and drought adaptation were identified. Some co-located with regions showing signals of selection suggesting that drought stress is a driver of local adaptation in wild common beans.In the second chapter, I investigated the effects of drought stress on the genetic architecture of photosynthate allocation and remobilization in pods, one of the main mechanisms of drought resistance and overall productivity. A bi-parental recombinant inbred line (RIL) population of the Mesoamerican gene pool was evaluated in field conditions under well-watered conditions and terminal and intermittent drought stress in two years. There was a significant effect of the water regime and year on pod harvest index (PHI), a measure of the partition of seed biomass to pod biomass, its components, phenology and grain yield at the phenotypic and QTL level. QTLs for pod harvest index, including a major, stable QTL on chromosome Pv07 was detected. For grain yield, the QTLs were not stable; however, three were detected for the overall mean across environments. There was differential co-localization of the components of PHI, co-localizing mainly with either the pod wall, seed mass, or both. Three of the eight yield QTLs co-localized with PHI QTLs, underlying the importance of photosynthate remobilization in productivity. Epistasis explained a considerable part of the variation, especially for PHI and yield. In the third chapter, to further test the value of wild variation as compared with the domesticated forms, joint linkage mapping of nested populations was carried out in three newly develop domesticated by wild backcrossed recombinant inbred line populations. The populations were developed by crossing three wild accessions representing the extreme range of rainfall of the Mesoamerican wild bean distribution to an elite drought resistant domesticated parent. Grain yield was evaluated under field conditions in two fully irrigated trials in two seasons and a simulated terminal drought in the second season. The highest yielding populations were the populations from the lower part of the rainfall distribution. The populations were genotyped and a consensus map was developed containing 721 SNP markers. Twenty QTLs were found in 13 unique regions on eight chromosomes. At least one wild allele with a significant positive additive effect was found in five of these regions. The additive effects of all the QTLs ranged from -164 to 277 kg ha−1, with some evidence of allelic series. The variation explained by these QTLs ranged from 0.6 to 5.4 % of the total variation. These results underlie the potential of wild variation for bean crop improvement as well the identification of regions for efficient marker-assisted introgression and candidate genes.
Author: Irwin Goldman Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1119828228 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 477
Book Description
Plant Breeding Reviews presents state-of-the-art reviews on plant genetics and the breeding of all types of crops by both traditional means and molecular methods. Many of the crops widely grown today stem from a very narrow genetic base; understanding and preserving crop genetic resources is vital to the security of food systems worldwide. The emphasis of the series is on methodology, a fundamental understanding of crop genetics, and applications to major crops.
Author: Christopher Nwadike
Author: Christopher Nwadike
Author: Viviana Lorena Becerra Velasquez
Author: Marcelino Pérez de la Vega
Author: Fitsum Alemayehu Shenkute
Author: Paul Gepts
Author: Mark David Burow
Author: Brian Thomas Scully
Author: Nathan Phiri
Author: Jorge Carlos Berny Mier y Teran
Author: Irwin Goldman