Author: A. Fontijn Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 1483291219 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 711
Book Description
The book brings together, for the first time, all aspects of reactions of metallic species in the gas phase and gives an up-to-date overview of the field. Reactions covered include those of atomic, other free radical and transient neutral species, as well as ions. Experimental and theoretical work is reviewed and the efforts to establish a closer link between these approaches are discussed. The field is mainly approached from a fundamental point-of-view, but the applied problems which have helped stimulate the interest are pointed out and form the major subject of the final chapters. These emphasize the competition between purely gas-phase and gas-surface reactions.
Author: David H. Russell Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 146845529X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 422
Book Description
The field of gas phase inorganic ion chemistry is relatively new; the early studies date back approximately twenty years, but there has been intense interest and development in the field in the last ten years. As with much of modern chemistry, the growth in gas phase inorganic ion chemistry can be traced to the development of instrumentation and new experimental methods. Studies in this area require sophisticated instruments and sample introduc tion/ ionization methods, and often these processes are complicated by the need for state-selecting (or collisionally stabilizing) the reactive species in order to assign the chemistry unequivocally. At the present level of experimental development, a wide range of experiments on diverse ionic systems are possible and many detailed aspects of the chemistry can be studied. Gas Phase Inorganic Chemistry focuses on the reactions of metal ions and metal clusters, and on the study of these species using the available modern spectroscopic methods. Three of the twelve chapters cover the chemistry of ionic monometal transition metal ions and the chemistry of these species with small diatomics and model organics. Two of the chapters focus on the studies of the chemical and physical properties of (primarily) transition metal clusters, and these chapters review experimental methods and capabilities. Two chapters also deal with the chemistry of transition metal carbonyl clusters, and these chapters address issues important to cluster growth and activation as well as the characterization of such species.
Author: Takayuki Ebata Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9811393710 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 393
Book Description
This book describes advanced research on the structures and photochemical properties of polyatomic molecules and molecular clusters having various functionalities under cold gas-phase conditions. Target molecules are crown ethers, polypeptides, large size protonated clusters, metal clusters, and other complex polyatomic molecules of special interest. A variety of advanced frequency and time-domain laser spectroscopic methods are applied. The book begins with the principle of an experimental setup for cold gas-phase molecules and various laser spectroscopic methods, followed by chapters on investigation of specific molecular systems. Through a molecular-level approach and analysis by quantum chemical calculation, it is possible to learn how atomic and molecular-level interactions (van der Waals, hydrogen-bonding, and others) control the specific properties of molecules and clusters. Those properties include molecular recognition, induced fitting, chirality, proton and hydrogen transfer, isomerization, and catalytic reaction. The information will be applicable to the design of new types of functional molecules and nanoparticles in the broad area that includes applied chemistry, drug delivery systems, and catalysts.
Author: K.R. Jennings Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9401135185 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 439
Book Description
This volume presents the proceedings of the 1990 Advanced Study Institute entitled "Fundamentals of Gas Phase Ion Chemistry" held at Mont Ste. Odile , Alsace, France, 25th June -6th July, 1990. The Institute brought together over 100 physicists, physical and organic chemists working on a wide variety of topics with gas-phase ion chemistry as the common theme. Many different viewpoints, making use of very different experimental and theoretical approaches, were brought to bear on the subject and provided a stimulating and up-to-date account of the subject. Although the Institute was built around the invited lectures, many specific points were addressed in workshops which consisted of informal discussion groups which were organised by participants during the Institute. This volume therefore contains not only chapters based on the lectures but summaries of many of the workshops which adds considerably to the diversity of information presented. This Advanced Study Institute was the fifth in a series of NATO-sponsored institutes devoted to various aspects of the physics and chemistry of gas phase ions. These meetings have been held every four years since the first, held in Biarritz in 1974, considered "Interactions between Ions and Molecules". The five volumes which comprise the proceedings of these meetings illustrate very clearly the many advances in theory and experiment which have taken place over the last 20 years.
Author: P. Jena Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1475703570 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 932
Book Description
Recent advances in experimental techniques now enable researchers to produce in a laboratory clusters of atoms of desired composition from any of the elements of the periodic table. This has created a new area of research into novel materials since clusters cannot be regarded either as a "large" molecule or as a fragment of the bulk. Both experimental and theoretical studies are revealing unusual properties that are not ob served in solid state environments. The structures of micro-clusters are found to be significantly distorted from the most symmetric arrangement, some even exhibiting pentagonal symmetry commonly found in icosahedric structures. The unusual stability of certain clusters, now described as "magic number species", shows striking similarities with the nuclear shell structure. The relative stabilities of clusters depend not only on the composition of the clusters but also on their charged states. The studies on spontaneous fragmentation of mUltiply charged clusters, commonly referred to as Coulomb explosion, illustrate the role of electronic bonding mechanisms on stability of clusters. The effect of foreign atoms on geometry and stability of clusters and the interaction of gas atoms with clusters are showing promise for an indepth understanding of chemisorption and catalysis. The magnetic and optical properties are dependent not only on cluster size but also on its geometry. These findings have the potential for aiding industry in the area of micro-electronics and catalysis.
Author: N.G. Adams Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 008055086X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 377
Book Description
Gas-phase ion chemistry is a broad field which has many applications and which encompasses various branches of chemistry and physics. An application that draws together many of these branches is the synthesis of molecules in interstellar clouds. This was part of the motivation for studies on the neutralization of ions by electrons and on isomerization in ion-neutral associations. The results of investigations of particular aspects of ion dynamics are presented in this volume. Solvation in ion-molecule reactions is discussed and extended to include multiply charged ions by the application of electrospray techniques. This volume also provides a wealth of information on reaction thermodynamics which is critical in determining reaction spontaneity and availability of reaction channels. More focused studies are also presented towards the end of this volume, relating to the ionization process and its nature.
Author: Cheuk-Yiu Ng Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 0470141921 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 702
Book Description
State-Selected and State-to-State Ion-Molecules Reaction Dynamics details the recent experimental and theoretical accomplishments in the field to date by some of its foremost researchers and theorists. Divided into two parts, each of which separately describe the experimental and theoretical aspects of the field, State-Selected and State-to-State Ion-Molecule Reaction Dynamics is an accessible, well organized look at a highly useful and emerging chemical specialty. Part 1, "Experiment," contains eight in-depth studies, which illustrate the key experimental work being done in the field today: Chapter 1 provide a comprehensive review of the theory and application of inhomogeneous rf fields for the study of the dynamics of low-energy ion-molecules processes Chapter 2 describes the application of multiphoton ionization (MPI) for the preparation of reactant ion states Chapter 3 reviews the application of MPI schemes for state specific cross-section measurements involving transition metal cations Chapter 4 describes the development of the threshold photoelectron secondary ion coincidence (TESICO) method Chapter 5 presents the conceptual and practical aspects of a multicoincidence technique Chapter 6 details the experimental results obtained using the photoionization and differential reactivity methods Chapter 7 reviews the several recent crossed beam studies of charge transfer and collision-induced dissociation systems involving atomic and molecular ions Chapter 8 is a survey of 15 years of high resolution crossed beam scattering of protons with atoms, diatoms, and poly-atomic molecules State-Selected and State-to-State Ion-Molecule Reaction Dynamics, Part 1: Experiment offers professionals a true state-of-the-science look at this fascinating and increasingly influential subject.
Author: Sabu Thomas Publisher: Woodhead Publishing ISBN: 0323886418 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 728
Book Description
Luminescent Metal Nanoclusters: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications provides a comprehensive accounting of various protocols used for the synthesis of metal nanoclusters, their characterization techniques, toxicity evaluation and various applications and future prospects. The book provides detailed experimental routes, along with mechanisms on the formation of benign metallic clusters using biomaterials and a comprehensive review regarding the preparation, properties and prospective applications of these nano clusters in various fields, including therapeutic applications. Various methods to protect nanocluster materials to increase their stability are emphasized, including the incorporation of ligands (protein, small molecule, DNA, thiols). This book addresses a gap in the current literature by bringing together the preparation, characterization and applications of all the possible types of reported metal nanoclusters and their hybrids. It is suitable for materials scientists and engineers in academia and those working in research and development in industry. It may also be of interest to those working in the interdisciplinary nanotechnology community, such as physical chemists. - Covers the most relevant material categories of luminescent nanoclusters such as metal nanoclusters, nano composites and alloy nanoclusters - Provides a comprehensive overview of the various available methods used for the protection of nanoclusters - Discusses the latest advances and future opportunities in addressing challenges in producing benign nanomaterials such as toxicity and stability
Author: Pierre Ausloos Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9400937873 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 491
Book Description
This volume presents the proceedings of a 1986 Advanced Study Institute entitled "Structure/Reactivity and Thermochemistry of Ions", held at Les Arcs, France, June 30 to July 11, 1986. The format of a NATO Institute is ideally suited to in-depth communications between scien tists of diverse backgrounds. Particularly in the field of ion physics and chemistry, where on-going research involves physicists, physical chemists, and organic chemists - who use a variety of experimental and theoretical techniques - it is found that in the relaxed but stimula ting atmosphere of a NATO ASI, each professional group provides unique insights, leading to a better definition and solution of problems relating to the properties of gas phase ions. This book presents chapters based on the lectures presented at the Les Arcs ASI. The participants took the initiative to organize a number of specialized workshops - informal discussion groups which considered questions or problem areas of particular interest. The accounts of these sessions, which are also included in this book, make stimulating reading, and include considerable useful information. This Advanced Study Institute is the fourth in a series of NATO-spon sored institutes devoted to the chemistry and physics of ions in the gas phase. The first, in 1974, in Biarritz, France, focussed on "Interactions between Ions and Molecules".
Author: A. Fontijn
Author: David H. Russell
Author: Takayuki Ebata
Author: K.R. Jennings
Author: P. Jena
Author: N.G. Adams
Author: Cheuk-Yiu Ng
Author: 
Author: Sabu Thomas
Author: Pierre Ausloos