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Author: Frederick Sproull Publisher: Page Publishing Inc ISBN: 1662477104 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 237
Book Description
This work deals with the efforts of creationists during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries to eliminate or limit the teaching of evolution in United States public schools and the response that these efforts generated from mainstream law, science, and religion. The confrontations that ensued often resulted in political maneuvering, the enactment of laws, and litigation. Usually, the litigation found its way into the federal courts with United States constitutional implications. No other scientific theory has ever been subject to such legal prohibition or judicial scrutiny in the history of the United States. Astonishingly, twice, evolution cases of this kind found their way to the Supreme Court. The interplay among the scientific, legal, and religious issues woven throughout the various court decisions that are examined in this work are of particular interest; as is the nature of science. Also, of interest is how proponents of both evolution and creationism cynically altered and bent their arguments in response to prior court decisions in an effort to successfully promulgate their particular position and how courts often tailored their decisions to ideology, rather than judicial principles. A story with scientific, political, and ethical implications is told in this work using a cluster of federal court cases that fairly represent the issues that are at stake in this controversy. Perhaps they also provide us with a model for better understanding how the judicial and legal systems operate.
Author: Frederick Sproull Publisher: Page Publishing Inc ISBN: 1662477104 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 237
Book Description
This work deals with the efforts of creationists during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries to eliminate or limit the teaching of evolution in United States public schools and the response that these efforts generated from mainstream law, science, and religion. The confrontations that ensued often resulted in political maneuvering, the enactment of laws, and litigation. Usually, the litigation found its way into the federal courts with United States constitutional implications. No other scientific theory has ever been subject to such legal prohibition or judicial scrutiny in the history of the United States. Astonishingly, twice, evolution cases of this kind found their way to the Supreme Court. The interplay among the scientific, legal, and religious issues woven throughout the various court decisions that are examined in this work are of particular interest; as is the nature of science. Also, of interest is how proponents of both evolution and creationism cynically altered and bent their arguments in response to prior court decisions in an effort to successfully promulgate their particular position and how courts often tailored their decisions to ideology, rather than judicial principles. A story with scientific, political, and ethical implications is told in this work using a cluster of federal court cases that fairly represent the issues that are at stake in this controversy. Perhaps they also provide us with a model for better understanding how the judicial and legal systems operate.
Author: Edmund Blair Bolles Publisher: Macmillan ISBN: 0716736934 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 517
Book Description
A treasury of science writings drawn from a wide variety of disciplines and ranging throughout history, from Herodotus's comments on the creation of Egypt made in 444 B.C., to George Smoot's search for the Big Bang in 1994.
Author: Roberto Casati Publisher: Vintage ISBN: 0375707115 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 242
Book Description
In this original, wide-ranging, and endlessly thought-provoking work of popular nonfiction, a leading science writer uncovers the pervasive presence of shadows in our world. For Plato, shadows were the symbol of our limitations. For Galileo, they knocked the Earth from the center of the cosmos. They are a source of fear and a symbol of ignorance, and they loom large in art and design, mythology and folklore, physics and metaphysics, and architecture and urban planning. From shadows puppets and the psychology of shadows to the role of shadows in astronomy and the influence of shadows on the architectural profiles of our cities, Roberto Casati awakens our fascination in this tour-de-force of investigation and imagination.
Author: Robert M. Martin Publisher: Broadview Press ISBN: 9781551111308 Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 356
Book Description
Scientific Thinking is a practical guide to inductive reasoning—the sort of reasoning that is commonly used in scientific activity, whether such activity is performed by a scientist, a reporter, a political pollster, or any one of us in day-to-day life. The book provides comprehensive coverage of such topics as confirmation, sampling, correlations, causality, hypotheses, and experimental methods. Martin’s writing confounds those who would think that such topics must be dry-as-dust, presenting ideas in a lively and engaging tone and incorporating amusing examples throughout. This book underlines the importance of acquiring good habits of scientific thinking, and helps to instill those habits in the reader. Stimulating questions and exercises are included in each chapter.
Author: Eileen Reeves Publisher: Harvard University Press ISBN: 0674042638 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 240
Book Description
The Dutch telescope and the Italian scientist Galileo have long enjoyed a durable connection in the popular mind--so much so that it seems this simple glass instrument transformed a rather modest middle-aged scholar into the bold icon of the Copernican Revolution. And yet the extraordinary speed with which the telescope changed the course of Galileo's life and early modern astronomy obscures the astronomer's own curiously delayed encounter with the instrument. This book considers the lapse between the telescope's creation in The Hague in 1608 and Galileo's alleged acquaintance with such news ten months later. In an inquiry into scientific and cultural history, Eileen Reeves explores two fundamental questions of intellectual accountability: what did Galileo know of the invention of the telescope, and when did he know it? The record suggests that Galileo, like several of his peers, initially misunderstood the basic design of the telescope. In seeking to explain the gap between the telescope's emergence and the alleged date of the astronomer's acquaintance with it, Reeves explores how and why information about the telescope was transmitted, suppressed, or misconstrued in the process. Her revised version of events, rejecting the usual explanations of silence and idleness, is a revealing account of the role that misprision, error, and preconception play in the advancement of science. Along the way, Reeves offers a revised chronology of Galileo's life in a critical period and, more generally, shows how documents typically outside the scope of early modern natural philosophy--medieval romances, travel literature, and idle speculations--relate to two crucial events in the history of science.
Author: Roger G. NEWTON Publisher: Harvard University Press ISBN: 0674041488 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 166
Book Description
Bored during Mass at the cathedral in Pisa, the seventeen-year-old Galileo regarded the chandelier swinging overhead--and remarked, to his great surprise, that the lamp took as many beats to complete an arc when hardly moving as when it was swinging widely. Galileo's Pendulum tells the story of what this observation meant, and of its profound consequences for science and technology. The principle of the pendulum's swing--a property called isochronism--marks a simple yet fundamental system in nature, one that ties the rhythm of time to the very existence of matter in the universe. Roger Newton sets the stage for Galileo's discovery with a look at biorhythms in living organisms and at early calendars and clocks--contrivances of nature and culture that, however adequate in their time, did not meet the precise requirements of seventeenth-century science and navigation. Galileo's Pendulum recounts the history of the newly evolving time pieces--from marine chronometers to atomic clocks--based on the pendulum as well as other mechanisms employing the same physical principles, and explains the Newtonian science underlying their function. The book ranges nimbly from the sciences of sound and light to the astonishing intersection of the pendulum's oscillations and quantum theory, resulting in new insight into the make-up of the material universe. Covering topics from the invention of time zones to Isaac Newton's equations of motion, from Pythagoras' theory of musical harmony to Michael Faraday's field theory and the development of quantum electrodynamics, Galileo's Pendulum is an authoritative and engaging tour through time of the most basic all-pervading system in the world. Table of Contents: Preface Introduction 1. Biological Timekeeping: The Body's Rhythms 2. The Calendar: Different Drummers 3. Early Clocks: Home-Made Beats 4. The Pendulum Clock: The Beat of Nature 5. Successors: Ubiquitous Timekeeping 6. Isaac Newton: The Physics of the Pendulum 7. Sound and Light: Oscillations Everywhere 8. The Quantum: Oscillators Make Particles Notes References Index Reviews of this book: The range of things that measure time, from living creatures to atomic clocks, brackets Newton's intriguing narrative of time's connections, in the middle of which stands Galileo's famous discovery about pendulums...Science buffs will delight in the links Newton makes in this readable tour of how humanity marks time. --Gilbert Taylor, Booklist
Author: Stephen P. Maran Publisher: BenBella Books ISBN: 1933771593 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 185
Book Description
The historical and social implications of the telescope and that instrument's modern-day significance are brought into startling focus in this fascinating account. When Galileo looked to the sky with his perspicillum, or spyglass, roughly 400 years ago, he could not have fathomed the amount of change his astonishing findings—a seemingly flat moon magically transformed into a dynamic, crater-filled orb and a large, black sky suddenly held millions of galaxies—would have on civilizations. Reflecting on how Galileo's world compares with contemporary society, this insightful analysis deftly moves from the cutting-edge technology available in 17th-century Europe to the unbelievable phenomena discovered during the last 50 years, documenting important astronomical advances and the effects they have had over the years.
Author: Thomas A Hockey Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1000112365 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 238
Book Description
Since the earliest times one of the brightest lights in the heavens has been that of Jupiter, mythical king of the gods and the largest planet in the solar system. It was only natural that peoples from the dawn of history would be interested in such a planet and, indeed, Jupiter was one of the first objects to be observed with the telescope. Even today Jupiter captures the public interest like no other planet: a vast gaseous world, home to violent storms (larger than the Earth) that have raged for centuries. Galileo's Planet: Observing Jupiter before Photography presents the history of humankind's quest to understand the giant planet in the era before photography, a time when the only way to observe the universe was with the human eye. The book provides a comprehensive and fascinating account of the people involved in this quest, their observations, and the results of their findings. Many of the planetary features studied in detail by today's space probes were once glimpsed by keen-eyed, amateur astronomers. These Earth-bound explorers made up for their modest instruments and viewing conditions with their patience, perseverance, and passion for the night sky. Their greatest challenge was the fifth planet from the Sun and the search for its imagined surface-a revelation of the "real Jupiter." In the process, these part-time observers redefined the meaning of the word "planet." The book recounts their story from the earliest times right up until the invention of the camera.
Author: Marco Piccolino Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0199554358 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 337
Book Description
In a fascinating and accessible style, Marco Piccolino and Nick Wade analyse the scientific and philosophical work of Galileo Galilei from the particular viewpoint of his approach to the senses (and especially vision) as a means of acquiring trustworthy knowledge about the constitution of the world
Author: Marko Uršič Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing ISBN: 1527525651 Category : Philosophy Languages : en Pages : 201
Book Description
This book is a study of the phenomena of shadows, meant in a broader sense as “symbolic forms”. The shadow is a less real, “surface” replica of some more real form. From the Platonic point of view, empirical objects are “shadows of ideas”, while from the modern “natural” point of view, shadows are seen and conceived primarily as “weaker” replicas of bodies, which give evidence of their material reality. In the first three essays here, several topics from the Ancient Egypt and Greece to modern arts and sciences are considered, while in the fourth essay, the contemporary virtual reality, cyber-technology and the internet as our parallel “shadow world” are discussed from the philosophical point of view. The main and innovative point of this book is the connection between the meaning of shadows in philosophy and art on the one hand, and their role in modern science and technology on the other. The book will appeal to a wide span of readers, from academic circles, students, and artists, to the general reader interested in the humanities, especially in philosophy and art.
Author: Frederick Sproull
Author: Frederick Sproull
Author: Edmund Blair Bolles
Author: Roberto Casati
Author: Robert M. Martin
Author: Eileen Reeves
Author: Roger G. NEWTON
Author: Stephen P. Maran
Author: Thomas A Hockey
Author: Marco Piccolino
Author: Marko Uršič