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Author: Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0128124040 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 398
Book Description
G Protein-Coupled Receptors in Immune Response and Regulation, Volume 136 presents emerging concepts related to the role of GPCRs in immune response and regulation. Users will find updated chapters on a variety of topics, including Beta-adrenergic signaling in the onset and progression of asthma, the Emerging roles of Regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins in the immune system, information on Kinin receptors in immune response and pathogenic infections, and sections on GPCR signaling in C. elegans and its implications in immune response, GPCR Kinases in Inflammatory response and signaling, and GRK2 in Inflammation: Regulation of T cell receptors and IgE signaling. Chapters in this book discuss not only the well-known aspects of GPCR signaling in immunology, but also presents many emerging paradigms that have not yet been reported in classical textbooks. Each chapter presents a forward-looking discussion, providing a glimpse of the tremendous potential associated with the specific receptor systems discussed. Brings together contributions from leading experts in the area of GPCR biology Discusses current paradigms and the future potential of understanding GPCR signaling in immune response and regulation Presents the first of its kind book to focus on specific GPCR systems in various aspects of immunology, all brought together in one volume
Author: Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0128124040 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 398
Book Description
G Protein-Coupled Receptors in Immune Response and Regulation, Volume 136 presents emerging concepts related to the role of GPCRs in immune response and regulation. Users will find updated chapters on a variety of topics, including Beta-adrenergic signaling in the onset and progression of asthma, the Emerging roles of Regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins in the immune system, information on Kinin receptors in immune response and pathogenic infections, and sections on GPCR signaling in C. elegans and its implications in immune response, GPCR Kinases in Inflammatory response and signaling, and GRK2 in Inflammation: Regulation of T cell receptors and IgE signaling. Chapters in this book discuss not only the well-known aspects of GPCR signaling in immunology, but also presents many emerging paradigms that have not yet been reported in classical textbooks. Each chapter presents a forward-looking discussion, providing a glimpse of the tremendous potential associated with the specific receptor systems discussed. Brings together contributions from leading experts in the area of GPCR biology Discusses current paradigms and the future potential of understanding GPCR signaling in immune response and regulation Presents the first of its kind book to focus on specific GPCR systems in various aspects of immunology, all brought together in one volume
Author: Jeffrey L. Benovic Publisher: ISBN: Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 330
Book Description
This comprehensive text describes many techniques that are used to define the molecular mechanisms involved in receptor regulation. It covers a broad range of important concepts and methodologies in the study of G protein-coupled receptors.
Author: Antonino Belfiore Publisher: Springer ISBN: 9783319446745 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
This volume provides comprehensive coverage of the current knowledge of the physiology of the endocrine system and hormone synthesis and release, transport, and action at the molecular and cellular levels. It presents essential as well as in-depth information of value to both medical students and specialists in Endocrinology, Gynecology, Pediatrics, and Internal Medicine. Although it is well established that the endocrine system regulates essential functions involved in growth, reproduction, and homeostasis, it is increasingly being recognized that this complex regulatory system comprises not only hormones secreted by the classic endocrine glands but also hormones and regulatory factors produced by many organs, and involves extensive crosstalk with the neural and immune system. At the same time, our knowledge of the molecular basis of hormone action has greatly improved. Understanding this complexity of endocrine physiology is crucial to prevent endocrine disorders, to improve the sensitivity of our diagnostic tools, and to provide the rationale for pharmacological, immunological, or genetic interventions. It is such understanding that this book is designed to foster.
Author: Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0323994318 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 230
Book Description
G Protein-Coupled Receptors, Part A, Volume 193 in the Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science series, highlights new advances in the field. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent the largest class of cell surface proteins with an intricate involvement of nearly every physiological process in our body. Approximately, one third of the clinically prescribed medicines target GPCRs and the quest to improve the exiting GPCR-targeting therapeutics continues. These two volumes are focused on activation, signaling and regulation of GPCRs with specific examples of receptor systems and cellular processes. Covers a broad range of topics related to GPCR activation and signaling Covers several receptor systems with an emphasis on emerging paradigms Covers different processes and model systems with a focus on GPCRs
Author: Ayse Basak Engin Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030498441 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 415
Book Description
Protein phosphorylation via protein kinases is an inevitable process that alters physiological and pathological functions of the cells. Thus, protein kinases play key roles in the regulation of cell life or death decisions. Protein kinases are frequently a driving factor in a variety of human diseases including aging and cellular senescence, immune system and endothelial dysfunctions, cancers, insulin resistance, cholestasis and neurodegenerative diseases, as well as bacterial resistance in persistent infections. Recent developments in quantitative proteomics provide important opinions on kinase inhibitor selectivity and their modes of action in the biological context. Protein Kinase-mediated Decisions Between Life and Death aims to have the reader catch insights about up-to-date opinions on “Protein Kinases” related pathways that threaten human health and life. As “Protein Kinases” are related to many health problems, clinicians, basic science researchers and students need this information. Chapter “Signal Transduction in Immune Cells and Protein Kinases” is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Author: Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0128151080 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 332
Book Description
G-Protein-Coupled Receptors, Part B, 2nd Edition, Volume 149, the latest release in the Methods in Cell Biology series, continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. This volume covers Optical Approaches for Visualization of Arrestin Binding to Muscarinic Receptors, Luciferase Reporter Assay for Unlocking Ligand-mediated Signaling of GPCRs, Assays to Measure GPCR Dependent Cellular Migration, Characterization of the Frizzled GPCRs, Binding Assays for Bradykinin and Angiotensin Receptors, Detection of Misfolded Rhodopsin Aggregates in Cells, Measuring GPCR Ubiquitination and Trafficking, Culture of Primary Neurons and its Use in Studying GPCR Trafficking, and much more. Covers the increasingly appreciated cell biology field of G-protein-coupled receptors Includes both established and new technologies Contributed by experts in the field
Author: Jesi Lee Anne To Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 128
Book Description
Chemotaxis is the directional movement of cells towards a gradient of chemoattractant such as chemokines. Chemokines are small peptides secreted by various cell types and play a role in immune surveillance, inflammation, and development. These molecules bind to their cognate receptors, which belong to the Class A, rhodopsin-like family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Downstream effects orchestrated by chemokines include directional migration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, proliferation, and survival. Chemokine receptors primarily couple to the Gi/o family of G? proteins. Their activation triggers dissociation of the heterotrimeric G protein, G? and G?? dimer. The role of G?? in chemokine signaling is well established as it regulates multiple downstream effectors critical to cell migration such as phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma (PI3K?), phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate-dependent Rac exchanger (P-Rex), p21 activated kinase/PAK-interacting exchange factor alpha (PAK/PIX?), and Ras-associating and diluted domain-containing protein (Radil). However, the role of G?i in chemokine signaling is less understood and is thought to only regulate G?? availability and signaling through their association and disassociation cycle. Here we show that both G?i-GTP and G?? signaling are pivotal to cell migration. We also provide evidence for a novel role of G?i-GTP in regulating cell adhesion and migration. Using a small molecule inhibitor of G?? to inhibit migration, we show its anti-inflammatory therapeutic potential against lupus nephritis. Recently, our lab uncovered a novel role for G?i-GTP signaling in neutrophil adhesion through a cAMP-independent pathway. To discover the mechanism for G?i-GTP regulation of adhesion, we used a constitutively active Rap1a(G12V) and its downstream effector Radil to drive adhesion of neutrophil-like HL-60 and HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cells. A G??-Rap1a-Radil complex is known to drive cell adhesion and migration of these cell types. We found that expression of constitutively active G?i1(Q204L) reversed both Rap1a(G12V) and Radil mediated adhesion, suggesting that G?i-GTP regulates adhesion downstream of Rap1a and Radil. Furthermore, Rap1a and Radil reduced migration of HT1080 cells, which is reversed by G?i1(Q204L) expression. These data identify a novel role for G?i-GTP in the regulation of cell adhesion and migration. Multiple chemokines play a role in propagating inflammation and are associated with lupus nephritis pathogenesis by orchestrating immune cell migration toward the kidneys. The chemokine/receptor system has vast and promiscuous properties as one chemokine can bind to multiple receptors and one receptor can bind to more than one ligand. Therefore, valid targeting of individual chemokine receptors associated with a disease may be challenging and display poor efficacy. We used a well-studied G?? inhibitor, gallein, to study its therapeutic potential in alleviating lupus nephritis. Gallein inhibited PI3K?-mediated PIP3 production in neutrophil-like HL-60 cells and inhibited chemotaxis of primary neutrophils and T-cells in response to chemokines. Gallein treatment significantly reduced renal inflammation and proteinuria in NZB/NZW lupus mice. This study illustrates the therapeutic potential of G?? inhibitors against chronic inflammation. Our laboratory has identified a novel small molecule inhibitor of G?? called ellagic acid. Ellagic acid is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound and that has anti-inflammatory properties. Our evidence showed ellagic acid directly binding to G?? and inhibited downstream G?? signaling. It significantly blocked N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) chemotactic peptide-induced intracellular calcium release and weakly inhibited G??-mediated phospholipase C ?2 (PLC?2) activation in vitro compared to gallein and peptide SIGKAFKILGYPDYD (SIGK). Ellagic acid also inhibited fMLP-induced PI3K?mediated membrane phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) production, superoxide production, and migration of neutrophil-like HL60 cells. In this study, we identified ellagic acid as a small molecule inhibitor of G?? signaling in neutrophil-like cells and was sufficient to inhibit chemotaxis. This thesis work focuses on the overall importance of G protein signaling in GPCRmediated chemokine signaling and immune cell function. Both G?i and G?? are important mediators of GPCR-mediated chemokine signaling and immune cell function. Furthermore, our studies provide insights into the novel role of G?i in adhesion and migration of both immune cells and cancer cells. Chemokines are not only important during inflammation, but also contribute to the metastatic potential of cancer cells. We illustrate the importance of G?i and G?? in immune cell function such as adhesion and cell migration and we show alleviation of inflammatory lupus nephritis by inhibiting G?? signaling.
Author: Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0124079385 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 307
Book Description
Store-operated calcium channels are found in most animal cells and regulate many cellular functions including cell division, growth, differentiation, and cell death. This volume provides a concise and informative overview of the principles of store-operated calcium entry and the key developments in the field from researchers who have led these advances. The overall goal of the volume is to provide interested students and investigators with sufficient information to enable a broad understanding of the progress and current excitement in the field. The volume contains a wealth of information that even experienced investigators in the field will find useful. The volume provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms and functions of store-operated calcium channels Contributors are authoritative researchers who have produced important advances in the field The volume is well-illustrated with cartoons and data to facilitate easy comprehension of the subject
Author: Lakshmi A. Devi Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1592599192 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 414
Book Description
A comprehensive survey of the many recent advances in the field of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR). The authors describe the current knowledge of GPCR receptor structure and function, the different mechanisms involved in the regulation of GPCR function, and the role of pharmacological chaperones in GPCR folding and maturation. They also present new findings about how GPCR dimerization/oligomerization modifies the properties of individual receptors and show how recent developments are leading to significant advances in drug discovery, such as the detection of ligands for orphan GPCRs. Also discussed are the most recent developments that could lead to new drug discoveries: the role of GPCRs in mediating pain, the development of receptor-type selective drugs based on the structural plasticity of receptor activation, and the identification of natural ligands of orphan GPCRs (deorphanization) as possible drug targets.
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Author: Jeffrey L. Benovic
Author: Stefania Pasqua Mariggió
Author: Antonino Belfiore
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Author: Ayse Basak Engin
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Author: Jesi Lee Anne To
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Author: Lakshmi A. Devi