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Earthquake Early Warning Systems

Earthquake Early Warning Systems PDF Author: Paolo Gasparini
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540722416
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 363

Book Description
The book provides information on the major EEW systems in operation and on the state-of-the-art of the different blocks forming an EW system: the rapid detection and estimation of the earthquake’s focal parameters, the signal transmission, the engineering interface and the information reliability/false alarm problem. It is the first time that so many aspects of EEW systems have been specifically focused upon within a single book.

Earthquake Early Warning Systems

Earthquake Early Warning Systems PDF Author: Paolo Gasparini
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3540722416
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 363

Book Description
The book provides information on the major EEW systems in operation and on the state-of-the-art of the different blocks forming an EW system: the rapid detection and estimation of the earthquake’s focal parameters, the signal transmission, the engineering interface and the information reliability/false alarm problem. It is the first time that so many aspects of EEW systems have been specifically focused upon within a single book.

Future Systems for Earthquake Early Warning

Future Systems for Earthquake Early Warning PDF Author: Ülkü Ulusoy
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 246

Book Description
The major theme of this book is scientific evaluation of different categories of unusual phenomena i.e. precursors prior to large earthquakes and the explanation of their occurrence using electromagnetic models. In addition focus has been targeted to consider various scientific methods in the arena of interdisciplinary fields mainly on the short term forecasting of the large earthquakes, which is making a remarkable progress in recent years. The book presents an integrated approach to the concept of earthquake prediction as a whole, based on studies of precursors related to the living things, underground, land and atmosphere. The book will play an important role in the understanding and developing new and effective systems for earthquake prediction, based on multidisciplinary approach, which will ultimately help in reducing the earthquake related loss of lives and property.

Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction

Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction PDF Author: Jochen Zschau
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642559034
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 774

Book Description
Written for a broad audience this book offers a comprehensive account of early warning systems for hydro meteorological disasters such as floods and storms, and for geological disasters such as earthquakes. One major theme is the increasingly important role in early warning systems played by the rapidly evolving fields of space and information technology. The authors, all experts in their respective fields, offer a comprehensive and in-depth insight into the current and future perspectives for early warning systems. The text is aimed at decision-makers in the political arena, scientists, engineers and those responsible for public communication and dissemination of warnings.

Future of Earthquake Early Warning

Future of Earthquake Early Warning PDF Author: Stephen Wu
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Bayesian statistical decision theory
Languages : en
Pages : 270

Book Description
Earthquake early warning (EEW) systems have been rapidly developing over the past decade. Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) has an EEW system that was operating during the 2011 M9 Tohoku earthquake in Japan, and this increased the awareness of EEW systems around the world. While longer-time earthquake prediction still faces many challenges to be practical, the availability of shorter-time EEW opens up a new door for earthquake loss mitigation. After an earthquake fault begins rupturing, an EEW system utilizes the first few seconds of recorded seismic waveform data to quickly predict the hypocenter location, magnitude, origin time and the expected shaking intensity level around the region. This early warning information is broadcast to different sites before the strong shaking arrives. The warning lead time of such a system is short, typically a few seconds to a minute or so, and the information is uncertain. These factors limit human intervention to activate mitigation actions and this must be addressed for engineering applications of EEW. This study applies a Bayesian probabilistic approach along with machine learning techniques and decision theories from economics to improve different aspects of EEW operation, including extending it to engineering applications.

United States Earthquake Early Warning System

United States Earthquake Early Warning System PDF Author: U. S. Military
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781983095863
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 116

Book Description
The United States is extremely vulnerable to catastrophic earthquakes. More than 143 million Americans may be threatened by damaging earthquakes in the next 50 years. This study argues that the United States is unprepared for the most catastrophic earthquakes the country faces today. Earthquake early warning systems are a major solution in practice to reduce economic risk, to protect property and the environment, and to save lives. Other countries have already built earthquake early warning systems, but only after they suffered devastating earthquakes. In the United States, ShakeAlert is the available solution, but it only operates on a test basis in California and still lacks sufficient capability and sustained funding to become operational. This study applies an input-output model of political systems theory to analyze how the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program, which controls the development of ShakeAlert, functions in the United States. Using this model provides a framework for a discourse of the analysis to determine how the consequences of catastrophic earthquakes shape our decisions and policies for ShakeAlert.This study also examines what changes are required within our political system for ShakeAlert to launch as quickly as possible on a national scale and to allow for its sustained integration within the American preparedness culture. Perhaps most importantly, the implementation of ShakeAlert will help prepare the people, businesses, infrastructure, economies, and communities, hopefully before the next significant earthquake impacts the United States. Will the United States have to experience a devastating earthquake before implementing a solution that is recognized to save lives?I. INTRODUCTION * A. PROBLEM STATEMENT * B. RESEARCH QUESTIONS * C. RESEARCH SIGNIFICANCE * D. METHODOLOGY * II. LITERATURE REVIEW * A. WHAT IS AN EARTHQUAKE EARLY WARNING SYSTEM? * B. EFFECTIVENESS OF EARTHQUAKE EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS * C. INTERNATIONAL CASE STUDY: JAPAN EARTHQUAKE EARLY WARNING * D. THE NEED IN THE UNITED STATES * E. POLITICAL SYSTEMS THEORY: EASTON'S INPUT-OUTPUT MODEL * F. LITERATURE REVIEW CONCLUSION * III. U.S. STRATEGY TOWARD CATASTROPHIC EARTHQUAKES * A. CATASTROPHIC EARTHQUAKE ENVIRONMENTS * 1. Cascadia Subduction Zone--Northwest * 2. New Madrid Fault Zone--Midwest * 3. San Andreas Fault--California * 4. Wasatch Fault Zone--Utah * B. NATIONAL EARTHQUAKE HAZARDS REDUCTION PROGRAM * C. SHAKEALERT: EARTHQUAKE EARLY WARNING IN THE UNITED STATES * D. STRATEGY IN THE UNITED STATES CONCLUSION * IV. SYSTEMS ANALYSIS: NATIONAL EARTHQUAKE HAZARDS REDUCTION * A. DYNAMIC RESPONSE MODEL OF A POLITICAL SYSTEM * B. INPUTS: DEMANDS AND SUPPORT * C. NHERP POLITICAL SYSTEM: THE AUTHORITIES * 1. National Institute of Science and Technology * 2. Federal Emergency Management Agency * 3. United States Geological Survey * 4. National Science Foundation * D. OUTPUTS: DECISIONS AND POLICIES * E. INTRASOCIETAL ENVIRONMENT: ENTERPRISE FEEDBACK * F. EXTRASOCIETAL ENVIRONMENT: CONSUMER FEEDBACK * G. SYSTEMS ANALYSIS CONCLUSION * V. CONCLUSION * A. AUTHORITATIVE ALLOCATION OF EARTHQUAKE VALUES FOR SOCIETY * B. A SYSTEMS APPROACH TO EARTHQUAKE RESILIENCE * C. FUTURE RESEARCH CONSIDERATIONS

A Safer Future

A Safer Future PDF Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309045460
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 85

Book Description
Initial priorities for U.S. participation in the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction, declared by the United Nations, are contained in this volume. It focuses on seven issues: hazard and risk assessment; awareness and education; mitigation; preparedness for emergency response; recovery and reconstruction; prediction and warning; learning from disasters; and U.S. participation internationally. The committee presents its philosophy of calls for broad public and private participation to reduce the toll of disasters.

Emergency Alert and Warning Systems

Emergency Alert and Warning Systems PDF Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309467403
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 143

Book Description
Following a series of natural disasters, including Hurricane Katrina, that revealed shortcomings in the nation's ability to effectively alert populations at risk, Congress passed the Warning, Alert, and Response Network (WARN) Act in 2006. Today, new technologies such as smart phones and social media platforms offer new ways to communicate with the public, and the information ecosystem is much broader, including additional official channels, such as government social media accounts, opt-in short message service (SMS)-based alerting systems, and reverse 911 systems; less official channels, such as main stream media outlets and weather applications on connected devices; and unofficial channels, such as first person reports via social media. Traditional media have also taken advantage of these new tools, including their own mobile applications to extend their reach of beyond broadcast radio, television, and cable. Furthermore, private companies have begun to take advantage of the large amounts of data about users they possess to detect events and provide alerts and warnings and other hazard-related information to their users. More than 60 years of research on the public response to alerts and warnings has yielded many insights about how people respond to information that they are at risk and the circumstances under which they are most likely to take appropriate protective action. Some, but not all, of these results have been used to inform the design and operation of alert and warning systems, and new insights continue to emerge. Emergency Alert and Warning Systems reviews the results of past research, considers new possibilities for realizing more effective alert and warning systems, explores how a more effective national alert and warning system might be created and some of the gaps in our present knowledge, and sets forth a research agenda to advance the nation's alert and warning capabilities.

Early Warning for Geological Disasters

Early Warning for Geological Disasters PDF Author: Friedemann Wenzel
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642122337
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 382

Book Description
The past years have seen new technologies that could be utilized for early warning and real-time loss estimation. They include self-organizing sensor networks, new satellite imagery with high resolution, multi-sensor observational capacities, and crowd sourcing. From this and improved physical models, data processing and communication methodologies a significant step towards better early warning technologies has been achieved by research. At the same time, early warning systems became part of the disaster management practice for instance in Japan and Indonesia. This book marks the important point where: Research activities continue to improve early warning Experience with applications is expanding At this critical point in development of early warning for geological disasters it is timely to provide a volume that documents the state-of-the-art, provides an overview on recent developments and serves as knowledge resource for researcher and practitioners.

The New Frontiers of Earthquake Early Warning Systems

The New Frontiers of Earthquake Early Warning Systems PDF Author: Simona Colombelli
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
ISBN: 2889744469
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 316

Book Description


Improved Seismic Monitoring - Improved Decision-Making

Improved Seismic Monitoring - Improved Decision-Making PDF Author: National Research Council
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309165032
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 196

Book Description
Improved Seismic Monitoringâ€"Improved Decision-Making, describes and assesses the varied economic benefits potentially derived from modernizing and expanding seismic monitoring activities in the United States. These benefits include more effective loss avoidance regulations and strategies, improved understanding of earthquake processes, better engineering design, more effective hazard mitigation strategies, and improved emergency response and recovery. The economic principles that must be applied to determine potential benefits are reviewed and the report concludes that although there is insufficient information available at present to fully quantify all the potential benefits, the annual dollar costs for improved seismic monitoring are in the tens of millions and the potential annual dollar benefits are in the hundreds of millions.