Author: Michael Howard RowePublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Animal behavior
Languages : en
Pages : 144
Book Description
Functional Synaptic Reorganization Following Partial Deafferentation of the Dorsal Lateral Geniculate Nucleus in the Kitten
Author: Michael Howard RowePublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Animal behavior
Languages : en
Pages : 144
Book Description
Lesion-Induced Neuronal Plasticity in Sensorimotor Systems
Author: H. FlohrPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642680747
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 407
Book Description
Sensorimotor systems are not rigidly wired predetermined networks but rather highly plastic structures that learn and modify their entire performance in response to changes in external or internal conditions. Lesions or distortions of the system's input, which initially cause a functional disorganization, induce an active reorganization which often leads to a recovery of function. Examples of lesion-induced neural plasticity have been known for some hundred years; however, an awareness of their value as research tools is relatively new. This current interest is a consequence of rapid ly changing ideas concerning the nature of CNS organization. Out of these, concepts are emerging which describe neural nets as modifiable, highly dynamic, self-organizing structures. This trend is clearly reflected in this volume, which contains the proceedings of a symposium held in Bremen in July 1980 as a satellite meeting of the XXVIIIth International Congress of Physiological Sciences. The first part of this conference was devoted to some gen eral aspects of plasticity, discussing the current theories of functional recovery as well as morphological, neurochemical, physiological, molecular, and ontogenetic aspects. The second part dealt with lesion induced plasticity in specific sensorimotor systems of the spinal cord, brain stem, and cerebral cortex.
Dissertation Abstracts International
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Dissertations, Academic
Languages : en
Pages : 664
Book Description
Developmental Neurobiology of Vision
Author: R. D. FreemanPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1468436058
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 436
Book Description
This volume contains summaries of most of the invited presentations given by lecturers and participants at the NATO Advanced Study Institute, "Develop mental Neurobiology of Vision," held in Rethymnon, Crete, Greece 18-27 Sep tember 1978. The purpose of this meeting was to enable a relatively small international group of scientists and students to hold discussions and to present their views on current problems in the field. It was intended that the results of the exchanges would be conveyed to others in the native countries of the parti cipants. An attempt was made to obtain broad representation of disciplines within the area of the Institute and this is reflected in the diversity of the chapters in this book. Considerable interest has been generated in recent years concerning the development and plasticity of vision. Perhaps not unexpectedly, along with the high level of activity in this field, there have been so me controversial findings.
Dynamics of Degeneration and Growth in Neurons
Author: Kjell FuxePublisher: Elsevier
ISBN: 1483146472
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 617
Book Description
Dynamics of Degeneration and Growth in Neurons is a collection of papers presented at the International Symposium on the Dynamics of Degeneration and Growth in Neurons, held in Stockholm, Sweden, on May 16-18, 1973. Contributors explore the dynamics of degeneration and growth of central and peripheral neurons, touching on a wide range of topics such as the neurotoxic action of 6-hydroxy-dopa on central catecholamine neurons; axonal transport of proteins in growing and regenerating neurons; and collateral reinnervation in the central nervous system. Comprised of 50 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of degeneration processes in central and peripheral neurons. Results of microfluorimetric and neurochemical studies on degenerating and regenerating adrenergic nerves are presented. The next section is devoted to axoplasmic transport as a mechanism for axonal support and growth and includes chapters dealing with the effects of degeneration and axoplasmic transport blockade on synaptic ultrastructure, function, and protein composition; the role of axoplasmic flow in trophism of skeletal muscle; and proximodistal transport of acetylcholine in peripheral cholinergic neurons. The remaining chapters discuss the nerve growth factor receptor and its specific binding in sympathetic ganglia; the noradrenergic innervation of cerebellar Purkinje cells; and the possible role of brain and peripheral monoamines in the ontogenesis of normal and drug-induced responses in the immature mammal. This book will be of interest to physiologists and neurologists.
Reprogramming the Cerebral Cortex
Author: Stephen G. LomberPublisher: Oxford University Press
ISBN: 019852899X
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 461
Book Description
The brain has a remarkable ability to adapt in the event of damage - in many cases shifting responsibility for specific cognitive functions to other non-damaged brain regions. This 'plasticity' can be crucial in aiding recovery from stroke, trauma, and peripheral damage such as eye or ear damage. Over the past thirty years our view of cortical plasticity has evolved greatly. Early studies suggested that changes to cortical function due to peripheral lesions could only occur duringdevelopment and that these plastic changes were specific to a particular temporal window or "critical period". Over time, it has been demonstrated that cortical modifications as a consequence of either peripheral or central lesions can induce adaptive, or beneficial, changes in cortical function in aneffort to preserve or enhance function. More recently, studies have identified that many of these adaptive changes, once thought only possible in the developing brain, are also possible in the mature or developed brain. At present, many laboratories are defining the beneficial capabilities of cerebral cortex plasticity, upon which many proactive and therapeutic strategies may be developed in order to maximiSe the "reprogramming" capabilities of the cerebrum.'Reprogramming the Cerebral Cortex' describes these exciting studies and examines adaptive cortical plasticity in a variety of systems (visual, auditory, somatomotor, cross-modal, language and cognition). The book leads the reader through the complexities and promise of neuroplasticity, and presents insights into current and future research and clinical practice. It is unique in looking at the beneficial capabilities of cerebral cortex plasticity, upon which many proactive and therapeuticstrategies may be developed.The book will be a valuable resource for behavioural, systems, computational and cognitive neuroscientists, as well as clinicians and neuropsychologists.
Filling-in
Author: Luiz PessoaPublisher: Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN: 0195140133
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 369
Book Description
The best example of filling-in involves the blind spot, a region of the retina devoid of photoreceptors. While this phenomenon is common in the visual domain, it is argued by contributors to this book that forms of filling-in also take place in other sensory modalities.
Cumulated Index Medicus
Author: Vision: From Neurons to Cognition
Author: C. CasanovaPublisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
ISBN: 9780444505866
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 514
Book Description
Internationally renowned researchers discuss how the various parts of the brain process and integrate visual signals, providing up to date original findings, reviews, and theoretical proposals on visual processing. This book addresses the basic mechanisms of visual perception as well as issues such as neuronal plasticity, functional reorganization and recovery, residual vision, and sensory substitution. Knowledge of the basic mechanisms by which our brain can analyze, reconstruct, and interpret images in the external world is of fundamental importance for our capacity to understand the nature and causes of visual deficits, such as those resulting from ischemia, abnormal development, neuro-degenerative disorders, and normal aging. It is also essential to our goal of developing better therapeutic strategies, such as early diagnosis, visual training, behavioral rehabilitation of visual functions, and visual implants.
Post-Lesion Neural Plasticity
Author: Hans FlohrPublisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3642738494
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 692
Book Description
Neural networks are not rigidly wired but rather highly plastic structures, the functional architecture of which can be actively reorganized in response to external or internal events. Lesions of such networks induce plastic processes which in time may lead to a recovery of the initially disrupted function. This type of neural plasticity is the main focus of the book, which presents a broad spectrum of experimental paradigms for lesion-induced plasticity as in the spinal cord, the vestibular, oculomotor, visual and olfactory system, the cerebellum and the cerebral cortex, including recent methodological developments. Concepts and perspectives in understanding neural plasticity are reported in reviews and original research reports and are thoroughly discussed.