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Author: Vytenis Babrauskas Publisher: Forgotten Books ISBN: 9781528013307 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 100
Book Description
Excerpt from Full-Scale Burning Behavior of Upholstered Chairs A test program was conducted to determine the fire behavior of a variety of upholstered chairs subjected to a flaming ignition. Major variables were materials and construction of chairs, room ventilation, and type of ignition sources. A total of 16 types of traditional and modern design chairs were tested in a full - scale, otherwise unfurnished room. A folded up newspaper at the seat area was used as the standard ignition source. Room tenability criteria were based on smoke, concentra tions of gaseous combustion products, and heat flux. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author: Vytenis Babrauskas Publisher: Forgotten Books ISBN: 9781528013307 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 100
Book Description
Excerpt from Full-Scale Burning Behavior of Upholstered Chairs A test program was conducted to determine the fire behavior of a variety of upholstered chairs subjected to a flaming ignition. Major variables were materials and construction of chairs, room ventilation, and type of ignition sources. A total of 16 types of traditional and modern design chairs were tested in a full - scale, otherwise unfurnished room. A folded up newspaper at the seat area was used as the standard ignition source. Room tenability criteria were based on smoke, concentra tions of gaseous combustion products, and heat flux. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author: William J. Parker Publisher: Forgotten Books ISBN: 9780428897765 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 48
Book Description
Excerpt from Furniture Flammability, Vol. 3: An Investigation of the California Technical Bulletin 133 Test; Full Scale Chair Burns Furniture manufacturers, suppliers to the furniture industry, and representative associations of the furniture industry were surveyed prior to the selection of the materials. This was done in order to determine representative material combinations. This study however, does not include blends of fabrics wool nylon which represent a large percentage of the fabrics utilized in the contract furnishings market. The flammability characteristics of blended fibers and fabrics are much more complex and not within the scope of this work. The intent of this study was to assess the technical merits of TB 133, not to evaluate the state of the art in flame retardant upholstered materials. The material combinations tested in the full-scale upholstered furniture tests were based upon the use of two foam types, a fiberglass interliner, and four fabrics. The foams investigated were melamine-treated polyurethane foam and a polyurethane foam that had passed the California Bulletin 117 test. The four fabrics were nylon, polyolefin, a fire retardant polyvinylchloride, and wool. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Author: John Krasny Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 0080946879 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 447
Book Description
The flammability of upholstered furniture is a major concern to engineers and others across a wide swath of organizations. This book was written to provide its audience with the science and engineering needed to better understand the combustibility of the products they manufacture, purchase, and try to extinguish. It addresses the science and engineering information needs of public and private sector fire technology personnel, including fire service students and officers, fire investigators, fire protection engineers, government officials; textile, chemical, and furniture industry personnel, or institutional furniture purchasers.
Author: Center for Fire Research (U.S.) Publisher: ISBN: Category : Calorimetry Languages : en Pages : 35
Book Description
Ten sets of upholstered chairs were obtained. One chair out of each set was tested in the ASTM room, two chairs out of each set were tested in the furniture calorimeter, and four chairs from each of six sets in the California Technical Bulletin 133 (TB133) room. The chairs in the different sets varied only in the type of fabric, type of foam, and whether or not there was a fiberglass interliner present. The size, frame and style remained constant. Some of the chairs were ignited with the standard TB133 newspaper ignition source. The others were ignited by a gas burner designed to simulate the newspaper ignition source. The rooms were instrumented to measure the total heat release rate of the chairs by oxygen consumption. It was found that (1) similar results were obtained in the TB133 and ASTM rooms,.(2) a total heat release rate of 65 Kw in either of the rooms or in the furniture calorimeter was equivalent to the failure criterion of a 111 deg.C (200 deg.F) temperature rise 25 mm below the ceiling and directly above the burning chair in the TB133 test and (3) below 600 kW the heat release rates of the chairs measured in the rooms were the same as those in the furniture calorimeter. The combinations of fabric, fiberglass interliner and foam were also tested in the Cone calorimeter. Correlations are presented between the full scale and bench scale results. Calculations of the room temperatures, using Hazard I and the measured heat release rates, are also shown.
Author: William M. Pitts Publisher: ISBN: Category : Flame spread Languages : en Pages : 589
Book Description
This is the first of three reports describing a study designed to assess the feasibility of utilizing small-scale measurements in a cone calorimeter as inputs for predicting the burning (flaming) behavior of real-scale residential upholstered furniture (RUF). Here the focus is the experimental approach and results for the real-scale experiments. A literature review provides the rationale for our interest in RUF and summarizes previous efforts to characterize and regulate its burning behavior. The RUF items considered are mockups consisting of four cushions arranged in a chair configuration and mounted on a metal stand. The effects on burning behavior of changes in five types of materials - Fire Barrier, Polyurethane Foam, Polyester Fiber Wrap, Upholstery Cover Fabric, and Sewing Thread - previously identified as possibly affecting RUF burning are considered. Four of the material factors have two conditions, while Barrier has three (i.e., no barrier, or one of two barrier types). A reduced factorial design utilizing 20 different material combinations is used along with a minimum of two repeats for each combination. The experimental behaviors of interest are flame spread (characterized by time-resolved flame edge contours on the back and seat cushions) and fire growth (characterized by heat release rate measurements). A variety of parameters are used to characterize the temporal variations of both. Graphical representations of the results suggest that three of the factors (Barrier, Foam, and Fabric) have easily identified effects on mock-up burning behavior. This finding is confirmed by a variety of analyses showing these three factors have statistically significant effects on mock-up burning behaviors, with Barrier and Fabric having strong and roughly equal effects and Foam somewhat weaker effects. Changes in Fiber Wrap or Thread result in no statistically significant effects on the parameters. It is also shown that interactions between Barrier and Foam are statistically significant and will need to be considered in approaches designed to predict burning behavior. In addition to characterization of flame spread and fire growth, supplementary measurements of mass and radiative heat flux at six locations around the mock-ups provide additional insights concerning mock-up burning behavior. The real-scale results are compared to previous studies to provide additional understanding of RUF burning. and its dependence on material properties.
Author: Vytenis Babrauskas
Author: Vytenis Babrauskas
Author: Vytenis Babrauskas
Author: Vytenis Babrauskas
Author: William J. Parker
Author: NORDTEST (Firm)
Author: John Krasny
Author: J. F. Wood
Author: Center for Fire Research (U.S.)
Author: L. Dow Moore
Author: William M. Pitts