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Author: Eskedil Abebaw Melese Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
According to a recent report, 16.4% of Canadian roads are in a poor or very poor condition. This means 146,255 km of the Canadian roads are either unfit for service or are approaching the end of their service life. The roads in these conditions require immediate action to restore their serviceability. One of the plausible techniques that could be applied to restore the serviceability of roads in poor or very poor conditions is full-depth reclamation (FDR). Full depth reclamation is a type of pavement cold in-place recycling in which the existing old and deteriorated pavement is pulverised, treated with appropriate stabilizer and compacted to form a strong base layer. In Canada, the stabilizers commonly used in the FDR process are asphalt emulsions, foamed asphalt, and Portland cement. Hydraulic road binders (HRB), however, are alternative cementitious stabilizers that can be used in full-depth reclamation process with some better attributes than Portland cement. The main objectives of this research are characterisation and impact assessment of fully reclaimed pavement materials treated with HRB. The study was conducted in the form of comparative assessment by using reclaimed materials treated with General Use (GU) cement as control mixes. Four types of reclaimed materials and four types of cementitious binders, including GU cement, were used to make sixteen different mixes. Characterisation and performance tests were conducted to understand the behaviour of the mixtures under static and dynamic loadings. Besides, life-cycle assessment was conducted to investigate the environmental impacts of the different cementitious binders. The findings of the study indicate that HRB, of the type used in the study, can be used in full-depth reclamation process without compromising the strength and durability of the mixtures. However, not all HRB substantially reduce the environmental impacts and energy requirements. Among the binders used in the study, the HRB with the lowest C/S ratio can significantly reduce the global warming potential.
Author: Eskedil Abebaw Melese Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
According to a recent report, 16.4% of Canadian roads are in a poor or very poor condition. This means 146,255 km of the Canadian roads are either unfit for service or are approaching the end of their service life. The roads in these conditions require immediate action to restore their serviceability. One of the plausible techniques that could be applied to restore the serviceability of roads in poor or very poor conditions is full-depth reclamation (FDR). Full depth reclamation is a type of pavement cold in-place recycling in which the existing old and deteriorated pavement is pulverised, treated with appropriate stabilizer and compacted to form a strong base layer. In Canada, the stabilizers commonly used in the FDR process are asphalt emulsions, foamed asphalt, and Portland cement. Hydraulic road binders (HRB), however, are alternative cementitious stabilizers that can be used in full-depth reclamation process with some better attributes than Portland cement. The main objectives of this research are characterisation and impact assessment of fully reclaimed pavement materials treated with HRB. The study was conducted in the form of comparative assessment by using reclaimed materials treated with General Use (GU) cement as control mixes. Four types of reclaimed materials and four types of cementitious binders, including GU cement, were used to make sixteen different mixes. Characterisation and performance tests were conducted to understand the behaviour of the mixtures under static and dynamic loadings. Besides, life-cycle assessment was conducted to investigate the environmental impacts of the different cementitious binders. The findings of the study indicate that HRB, of the type used in the study, can be used in full-depth reclamation process without compromising the strength and durability of the mixtures. However, not all HRB substantially reduce the environmental impacts and energy requirements. Among the binders used in the study, the HRB with the lowest C/S ratio can significantly reduce the global warming potential.
Author: Dharamveer Singh Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9819960908 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 846
Book Description
This book is a collection of selected research papers from the 14th conference of the Transportation Planning and Implementation Methodologies for Developing Countries (TPMDC). It covers the broad area of transportation planning and policy, pavement design and engineering, emerging technologies in transportation, traffic management, operations, and safety, and sustainable mobility in transportation. The book aims to provide deeper understanding of the transportation issues, solutions, and learnings from the implemented solutions. This book will be of best interest for academicians, researchers, policy makers, and practitioners.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Pavements, Asphalt Languages : en Pages : 103
Book Description
Full-depth reclamation (FDR) as a rehabilitation method improves the service life of pavement structures by reusing asphalt materials, thereby reducing costs and allowing for conservation of nonrenewable resources. However, the lack of mechanicsbased material testing procedures and performance-based specifications limit the use of FDR processes. First, the FDR design and construction process are presented, then, a literature review focusing on FDR research is completed, and a survey is conducted to obtain relevant information regarding current FDR practices in Minnesota. Next, Indirect Tensile Test (IDT) and Dynamic Modulus Test in IDT mode testing is performed on four FDR materials: Field mixed, Lab compacted; Lab mixed, Lab compacted; FDR with cement additive; and FDR with graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) additive. Two curing times are used to determine how physical properties change over time. Test results are used to perform simulations in MnPAVE software and a Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA). Laboratory observations indicate that cement additive reduces predicted life and increases critical cracking temperature with a slight increase in cost; GNP additive reduces predicted life but also reduces critical cracking temperature with a significant cost increase; Lab mixed samples performed better than Field mixed, suggesting that field methods could be improved; and curing has a positive effect on the FDR materials with cement and GNP additives--for both materials, the dynamic modulus increase, and the GNP samples also had a slight increase in tensile strength. MnPAVE simulations and LCCA results indicate that over a 35-year period, FDR may be a more cost-effective method than traditional mill and overlay.
Author: Blnd Jasim Othman Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 278
Book Description
Full depth reclamation (FDR) is apavement repair method that uses in-place milling and recycling of existing asphalt to rehabilitate roads. The FDR process includes milling the existing pavement, blending the crushed pavement with underlying aggregate materials and chemical stabilizing agents to create a new stabilized base course. Usually a thin wearing course in placed on top of the stabilized base. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of a combination stabilizing agents added to different blends of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and high quality limerock aggregate base material on the strength and creep of blended materials. Strength and deformation of the blends were evaluated using the California Bearing Ratio (CBR), modified Marshall, and one-dimensional oedometer creep tests. Blends of RAP and limerock base were blended with Portland cements and asphalt emulsion in varying proportions. Blends in this study were prepared at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% RAP by weight. Specimen mixtures consisted of25, 50, and 75 percent RAP stabilized with 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 percent Type I/Il Portland cement and 0,0, 0.5, .1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 percent Cationic Asphalt Emulsion (CSS-1H) by weight. The 0% RAP samples were controls of pure limerock aggregate; 100% RAP samples were controls of pure RAP. The objective of these projects was to obtain baseline data and to evaluate stabilizing, curing and testing techniques for chemically stabilized specimens. Increasing RAP content decreased the strength and increased the deflection of blends. For blends without chemical stabilization, only the 25% RAP/75% Iimerock blend achieved an average soaked CBR over 80. For chemically stabilized blends, increasing cement content always increased strength and decreased deflection. Asphalt emulsion stabilized blends showed peak strength (CBR and Marshall Stability) at 1% and 1.5% emulsion for 50% and 25% RAP blends. A very good correlation was found between soaked CBR and soaked Marshall stability with an average R2 of 0.73.
Author: Dennis A. Morian Publisher: ISBN: Category : Pavements, Asphalt Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The report summarizes the work conducted during the development of procedures for conducting full depth reclamation of existing asphalt surfaced and unsurfaced roads. The report describes full depth reclamation, and includes a summary of available literature, a Best Practices document, construction of two field projects, development of design and construction guidance documents, and training materials for full depth reclamation.
Author: Koral Buch Publisher: ISBN: 9781658413886 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Emerging sustainability concerns, along with economic benefits, have pushed the pavement industry to perform pavement recycling. Full-depth reclamation (FDR) is a common cold in-place flexible pavement rehabilitation technique used by The California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) since 2001. Although FDR is an accepted practice in the United States, mechanistic-empirical (M-E) performance models based on field data and laboratory tests have not yet been developed by any agency. This research offers an M-E fatigue damage model for FDR with portland cement (FDR-PC) and FDR with foamed asphalt and portland cement (FDR-FA). Accelerated testing sections for FDR-PC and FDR-FA were constructed and subjected to Heavy Vehicle Simulator loading with different load levels. A master curve equation was developed for each section based on the asphaltic master curve equation with backcalculated data. The data were collected in the field by falling weight deflectometer (FWD) and road surface deflectometer (RSD) and in a laboratory by resilient modulus testing on extracted field cores. Backcalculation of layer stiffness values after various amounts of load repetitions was done using the FWD and RSD data with the constrained extended Kalman filter, and the results were validated. A damage curve was fitted for each load level, and the pavement critical responses were examined. Then, an M-E fatigue damage model was calibrated for each section. The master curve equations and the fatigue damage models were found to be reliable, hence, will be implemented in CalME, the flexible pavement design software used by Caltrans. The option to design an FDR pavement with software has the potential to increase the use of the FDR recycling technique worldwide, thereby, positively impacting the environment and the economy, and aligning with the pavement industry's sustainability goals.
Author: Chase Aaron Henrichs Publisher: ISBN: 9781321693843 Category : Civil engineering Languages : en Pages : 114
Book Description
Full depth reclamation (FDR) is a flexible pavement recycling technique that has not been explored in the state of Arkansas. FDR is unique in that it incorporates the entire flexible pavement section as well as a predetermined portion of the underlying base and sub-base materials with a stabilizer to create a new, stronger stabilized base course. Common stabilization techniques include the addition of asphalt emulsion, asphalt foam, or cement. Using the North Carolina emulsion FDR mix design, the Wirtgen foam FDR mix design, and the Portland Cement Association cement FDR mix design, field materials from four Arkansas highways in the Fayetteville Shale and Brown Dense Shale areas were gathered and used to produced laboratory stabilized FDR samples to determine the potential future use of these mix designs in Arkansas. Initial testing to determine mix properties were performed, which included determination of gradation, Atterberg limits, and sand equivalency testing. Optimal stabilizer contents were determined using the indirect tensile strength test for asphalt emulsion and asphalt foam stabilization and the unconfined compressive strength test was used for the cement stabilized samples. Once the mix designs were validated and optimal contents were determined, performance testing began on new samples produced at optimal stabilization contents from two of the highways to determine material characteristics and to determine if the performance tests are valid for use with FDR materials. For the asphalt emulsion and asphalt foam samples, performance testing included dynamic modulus in indirect tension mode, creep compliance, semi-circular bend, and indirect tensile strength. The cement stabilized samples were tested using the tube suction test and the semi-circular bend test. Results indicated dynamic modulus is a viable testing indicator for rutting and low temperature cracking, while creep compliance may not be suitable for FDR materials. The semi-circular bend test indicated that it is a testing option when using asphalt stabilized materials but another option may be needed for cement stabilization. The indirect tensile strength and tube suction tests are quantifiable moisture susceptibility tests that worked well with the FDR materials.
Author: Eskedil Abebaw Melese
Author: Eskedil Abebaw Melese
Author: Dharamveer Singh
Author: 
Author: Paulo Pereira
Author: Blnd Jasim Othman
Author: Anne Peairs
Author: United States. Federal Highway Administration
Author: Dennis A. Morian
Author: Koral Buch
Author: Chase Aaron Henrichs