Fuelling Maritime Shipping with Liquefied Natural Gas PDF Download

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Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: Andre Dassau
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
ISBN: 3668568014
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 56

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Bachelor Thesis from the year 2017 in the subject Business economics - Trade and Distribution, grade: 1,0, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, language: English, abstract: The International Maritime Organization confirmed in 2016 the introduction of a global sulphur cap in 2020, establishing a 0.5% sulphur content limit in fuels. All shipping companies operating in international waters will be affected by this emission regulation. LNG as a maritime fuel is widely thematised in current discussions regarding alternatives to achieve compliance, as it brings in the most significant environmental benefits. However, the current LNG-use is scarce, as vessels operating with LNG accounts for ca. 0.1% of the global fleet, and are mainly located in the Baltic region. To gain significance as a marine fuel, LNG has several challenges to overcome. LNGs main hurdle is the lack of bunkering infrastructure, which discourage its adoption by shipping companies, generating the so-called chicken-and-egg problem. Although small-scale bunkering facilities are already available, mostly in Northern Europe, the required infrastructure for large vessels is not provided. This study looks at the relevance of LNG as a maritime fuel with the focus on the forthcoming global sulphur cap, from the perspective of a small and a large shipping company, in their decision-making to achieve compliance. Thereby, major drivers and impediments considered by both shipping companies for its adoption as well as their forecast regarding the future of LNG in the shipping industry are discussed.

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Languages : en
Pages : 0

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Author: Jan Tellkamp
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 28

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This report on Removing Barriers to the Use of Natural Gas as Maritime Transportation Fuel is another step in our exploration of the catalytic role of natural gas in attaining the Sustainable Development Goals, and in particular Goal 7 - to ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all. The report demonstrates the business case for using LNG as a fuel in maritime transport, for both LNG tankers and - increasingly since 2000 - other ships. Currently, there are over 300 ships powered by LNG. This is a positive development in view of the significant environmental benefits of LNG compared to heavy fuel oil and diesel both of which dominate today's market for international shipping bunkers.

Author: John DeCiucis Adamo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 228

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The International Maritime Organization (IMO), the leading regulatory body for the shipping industry, recently finalized its decision to decrease the global sulfur cap for marine bunker fuels from 3.5% to 0.5% effective January 2020 to reduce the shipping community's environmental impact. This decision will have significant impacts on shipowners, forcing them to choose among a suite of options to comply with the new emissions limit, options with substantial capital expenditure (CAPEX) or operational expenditure (OPEX) implications. Among these options is using liquefied natural gas (LNG) as an alternative to low-sulfur fuel oil or distillates and exhaust gas cleaning systems (EGCS). While LNG has been used in a limited capacity as a marine fuel, mostly in passenger vessels (ferries) and LNG carriers from the boil-off gas (BOG) in storage tanks, there are currently only 119 LNG-capable ships operating globally (out of a merchant fleet of over 50,000). LNG fuel can effectively eliminate nearly 100% of sulfur oxide (SO [subscript x]) and particulate matter (PM) emissions, while reducing nitrogen oxide (NO [subscript x]) emissions up to 80% and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by up to 30%. LNG is also price competitive with other bunker fuel, making it an attractive alternative both environmentally and economically. This thesis examines the business case for LNG-capable ships as a viable option to meet the IMO's sulfur cap. Specifically, the thesis compares the choice to invest in an LNG-capable ship to investing in EGCS (enabling continued use of high-sulfur fuel oil) or using compliant low-sulfur fuel oil or distillates (which still requires selective catalytic reduction (SCR) or exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) systems to comply with NO [subscript x] limits). The thesis analyzes eight different vessel types across the three investment options and considers three different fuel price scenarios, accounting for variation in CAPEX, OPEX, engine types, ship utilization, and charter rates, for a total of 96 scenarios. Each scenario uses a discounted cash flow (DCF) model to yield unique NPV, IRR, and payback for the investment. The thesis demonstrates that LNG-capable vessels are competitive investments and, in some cases, outperform other options to achieve compliance with SO [subscript x] and NO [subscript x] emissions limits.

Author: Jack Sharples
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781784671266
Category : Gas as fuel
Languages : en
Pages : 53

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Author: United States. Congress. Office of Technology Assessment
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Liquefied natural gas
Languages : en
Pages : 122

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Author: Robert P. Curt
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Liquefied gas carriers
Languages : en
Pages : 264

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Author: Ian Bateman
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN:
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 490

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This manual offers a detailed, up-to-date explanation of how to carry out stated preference techniques. The techniques use surveys to ask individuals how much they would be willing to pay or willing to accept in compensation for gains or losses of non-market goods and services. Applications of the technique include changes in air and water quality; noise nuisance; health care; risk; recorded heritage; cultural assets; habitats; Landscape and so on. It shows how to choose the most appropriate technique and how to design the questionnaires. Detailed advice on econometric analysis is provided, as well as explanation of the pitfalls that need to be avoided.

Author: Richard G. Wooler
Publisher: Cornell Maritime Press/Tidewater Publishers
ISBN:
Category : Liquefied gas carriers
Languages : en
Pages : 368

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