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Author: Paul V. Martorana Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
When and how will individuals accept or attempt to change systems that subordinate them? What determines whether acts against power hierarchies are considered appropriate? Recent research suggests that individuals will justify and maintain systems that subordinate them (Jost & Banaji, 1994), yet I suggest that certain boundary conditions predict when and how individuals will no longer accept their place in such systems. I propose a model that examines how multiple factors---a sense of power (Keltner, Gruenfeld, & Anderson, 2003), emotions associated with power (Kemper, 1984; Tiedens, 2001a), and perceptions of the system's legitimacy (Tajfel & Turner, 1986)---predict when those in low power will act against authority or when they will act to justify and maintain such systems. Results from three experiments indicate that all three factors influence individuals' attempts to change systems of authority. Specifically, an increased sense of power led to increased non-normative actions against a system; emotions associated with high power led to increased overt and non-normative actions while low power emotions led to increased covert actions; and perceptions of the illegitimacy of the system led to normative attempts to change the system. Implications for social movement, social psychological and organizational theories are discussed, as are implications for both managers and those who are attempting to make changes within organizations.
Author: Paul V. Martorana Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
When and how will individuals accept or attempt to change systems that subordinate them? What determines whether acts against power hierarchies are considered appropriate? Recent research suggests that individuals will justify and maintain systems that subordinate them (Jost & Banaji, 1994), yet I suggest that certain boundary conditions predict when and how individuals will no longer accept their place in such systems. I propose a model that examines how multiple factors---a sense of power (Keltner, Gruenfeld, & Anderson, 2003), emotions associated with power (Kemper, 1984; Tiedens, 2001a), and perceptions of the system's legitimacy (Tajfel & Turner, 1986)---predict when those in low power will act against authority or when they will act to justify and maintain such systems. Results from three experiments indicate that all three factors influence individuals' attempts to change systems of authority. Specifically, an increased sense of power led to increased non-normative actions against a system; emotions associated with high power led to increased overt and non-normative actions while low power emotions led to increased covert actions; and perceptions of the illegitimacy of the system led to normative attempts to change the system. Implications for social movement, social psychological and organizational theories are discussed, as are implications for both managers and those who are attempting to make changes within organizations.
Author: John T. Jost Publisher: Harvard University Press ISBN: 0674247175 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 402
Book Description
A leading psychologist explains why nearly all of us—including many of those who are persecuted and powerless—so often defend the social systems that cause misery and injustice. Why do we so often defend the very social systems that are responsible for injustice and exploitation? In A Theory of System Justification, John Jost argues that we are motivated to defend the status quo because doing so serves fundamental psychological needs for certainty, security, and social acceptance. We want to feel good not only about ourselves and the groups to which we belong, but also about the overarching social structure in which we live, even when it hurts others and ourselves. Jost lays out the wide range of evidence for his groundbreaking theory and examines its implications for our communities and our democracy. Drawing on twenty-five years of research, he provides an accessible account of system justification theory and its insights. System justification helps to explain deep contradictions, including the feeling among some women that they don’t deserve the same salaries as men and the tendency of some poor people to vote for policies that increase economic inequality. The theory illuminates the most pressing social and political issues of our time—why has it been so hard to combat anthropogenic climate change?—as well as some of the most intimate—why do some black children prefer white dolls to black ones and why do some people stay in bad relationships? Jost’s theory has far-reaching implications, and he offers numerous insights that political activists and social justice advocates can use to promote change.
Author: Jon Hanson Publisher: OUP USA ISBN: 0199737517 Category : Law Languages : en Pages : 817
Book Description
Features the groundbreaking law-related research of political psychologists. Includes leading legal scholars' commentary and analysis of political psychologists' work. The first book to bring together experts to discuss the interaction between psychology, ideology, and law.
Author: Margaret Ann Neale Publisher: Emerald Group Publishing ISBN: 0857241613 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 393
Book Description
Concerns about justice and fairness are ubiquitous within and between communities, social groups, organizations and states. This title introduces justice theorizing and research at the intersection of justice and groups. It is of interest to students and scholars in psychology, sociology, law and organizational behavior.
Author: John T. Jost Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0199717605 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 548
Book Description
This new volume on Social and Psychological Bases of Ideology and System Justification brings together several of the most prominent social and political psychologists who are responsible for the resurgence of interest in the study of ideology, broadly defined. Leading scientists and scholars from several related disciplines, including psychology, sociology, political science, law, and organizational behavior present their cutting-edge theorizing and research. Topics include the social, personality, cognitive and motivational antecedents and consequences of adopting liberal versus conservative ideologies, the social and psychological functions served by political and religious ideologies, and the myriad ways in which people defend, bolster, and justify the social systems they inhabit. This book is the first of its kind, bringing together formerly independent lines of research on ideology and system justification.
Author: Scott T. Allison Publisher: Taylor & Francis ISBN: 1317426118 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 595
Book Description
Over the past decade, research and theory on heroism and heroic leadership has greatly expanded, providing new insights on heroic behavior. The Handbook of Heroism and Heroic Leadership brings together new scholarship in this burgeoning field to build an important foundation for further multidisciplinary developments. In its three parts, "Origins of Heroism," "Types of Heroism," and "Processes of Heroism," distinguished social scientists and researchers explore topics such as morality, resilience, courage, empathy, meaning, altruism, spirituality, and transformation. This handbook provides a much-needed consolidation and synthesis for heroism and heroic leadership scholars and graduate students.
Author: Russell Cropanzano Publisher: Oxford Library of Psychology ISBN: 0199981418 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 697
Book Description
Justice is everyone's concern. It plays a critical role in organizational success and promotes the quality of employees' working lives. For these reasons, understanding the nature of justice has become a prominent goal among scholars of organizational behavior. As research in organizational justice has proliferated, a need has emerged for scholars to integrate literature across disciplines. Offering the most thorough discussion of organizational justice currently available, The Oxford Handbook of Justice in the Workplace provides a comprehensive review of empirical and conceptual research addressing this vital topic. Reflecting this dynamic and expanding area of research, chapters provide cutting-edge reviews of selection, performance management, conflict resolution, diversity management, organizational climate, and other topics integral for promoting organizational success. Additionally, the book explores major conceptual issues such as interpersonal interaction, emotion, the structure of justice, the motivation for fairness, and cross-cultural considerations in fairness perceptions. The reader will find thorough discussions of legal issues, philosophical concerns, and human decision-making, all of which make this the standard reference book for both established scholars and emerging researchers.
Author: Paul V. Martorana
Author: Paul V. Martorana
Author: John T. Jost
Author: Leonie Huddy
Author: Jon Hanson
Author: Margaret Ann Neale
Author: John T. Jost
Author: James Boully
Author: David Irish
Author: Scott T. Allison
Author: Russell Cropanzano