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Author: Chengsheng Ouyang Publisher: ISBN: Category : Concrete Languages : en Pages : 70
Book Description
The freeze-thaw resistance of concretes was studied. Nine concrete mixes, made with five cements and cement-Class C fly ash combinations, were exposed to freeze-thaw cycling following 110 to 222 days of moist curing. Prior to the freeze-thaw cycling, the specimens were examined by a low-vacuum scanning electron microscope (SEN) for their microstructure. The influcence of a wet/dry treatment was also studied. Infilling of ettringite in entrained air voids was observed in the concretes tested. The extent of the infilling depends on the period of moist curing as well as the wet/dry treatment. The concretes with 15% Class C fly ash replacement show more infilling in their air voids. It was found that the influence of the infilling on the freeze-thaw durability relates to the air spacing factor. The greater the spacing factor, the more expansion under the freeze-thaw cycling. The infilling seems to decrease effective air content and to increase effective spacing factor. The infilling also implies that the filled air voids are water-accessible. These might lead to concrete more vulnerable to the freeze-thaw attack. By combining the above results with field observations, one may conclude that the freeze-thaw damage is a factor related to premature deterioration of PCC pavements in Iowa.
Author: Chengsheng Ouyang Publisher: ISBN: Category : Concrete Languages : en Pages : 70
Book Description
The freeze-thaw resistance of concretes was studied. Nine concrete mixes, made with five cements and cement-Class C fly ash combinations, were exposed to freeze-thaw cycling following 110 to 222 days of moist curing. Prior to the freeze-thaw cycling, the specimens were examined by a low-vacuum scanning electron microscope (SEN) for their microstructure. The influcence of a wet/dry treatment was also studied. Infilling of ettringite in entrained air voids was observed in the concretes tested. The extent of the infilling depends on the period of moist curing as well as the wet/dry treatment. The concretes with 15% Class C fly ash replacement show more infilling in their air voids. It was found that the influence of the infilling on the freeze-thaw durability relates to the air spacing factor. The greater the spacing factor, the more expansion under the freeze-thaw cycling. The infilling seems to decrease effective air content and to increase effective spacing factor. The infilling also implies that the filled air voids are water-accessible. These might lead to concrete more vulnerable to the freeze-thaw attack. By combining the above results with field observations, one may conclude that the freeze-thaw damage is a factor related to premature deterioration of PCC pavements in Iowa.
Author: J. Marchand Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 0203627091 Category : Architecture Languages : en Pages : 323
Book Description
Concrete durability in climates where freezing and thawing occurs is a continuing problem. It is particularly acute for highway and bridge structures, where de-icing salts are used to combat the effects of frost, snow and ice. These salts can cause damage to concrete and accelerate corrosion of reinforcements. This book presents the latest international research on this area, with contributions from North America and Europe which were presented at an international RILEM workshop.
Author: K. Wesche Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 0203626419 Category : Architecture Languages : en Pages : 298
Book Description
This book is a state-of-the-art report which documents current knowledge on the properties of fly ash in concrete and the use of fly ash in construction. It includes RILEM Recommendations on fly ash in concrete and a comprehensive bibliography including over 800 references.
Author: Roxanne C. Kreisel Publisher: ISBN: Category : Concrete Languages : en Pages : 222
Book Description
This report presents freeze-thaw durability results of an investigation regarding the application of high performance concrete (HPC) to prestressed bridge girders. This study included a total of 30 concrete mixes and more than 130 specimens, with the following variables: aggregate type: round river gravel, partially-crushed gravel, granite, high-absorption limestone, and low-absorption limestone; cementitious material composition: Type III portland cement only, 20% fly ash, 7.5% silica fume, and combination of 20% fly ash with 7.5% silica fume replacement by weight of cement; and curing condition: heat-cured or seven-day moist-cured.
Author: R C Joshi Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 9789056995805 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 290
Book Description
Since it was first recognized as a mineral admixture for concrete in the 1930's, fly ash has been the subject of worldwide study as researchers work to maximize its economical and environmental benefits. In recent years, investigations have focused on the physical, chemical and mineralogical characteristics of fly ash and their specific correlation to the performance of concrete. This book collects the latest results from these various studies and offers a complete review of the advantages of fly ash as an admixture in concrete, including strength development and improved chemical resistance and durability. A review of the current international standards on fly ash usage is provided, in addition to an extensive reference list and a complete survey of various other fly ash products, such as bricks, mineral wool and gypsum wall boards, as well as the use of fly ash in waste management.
Author: F. Pacheco-Torgal Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 1782422889 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 855
Book Description
This book provides an updated state-of-the-art review on new developments in alkali-activation. The main binder of concrete, Portland cement, represents almost 80% of the total CO2 emissions of concrete which are about 6 to 7% of the Planet's total CO2 emissions. This is particularly serious in the current context of climate change and it could get even worse because the demand for Portland cement is expected to increase by almost 200% by 2050 from 2010 levels, reaching 6000 million tons/year. Alkali-activated binders represent an alternative to Portland cement having higher durability and a lower CO2 footprint. - Reviews the chemistry, mix design, manufacture and properties of alkali-activated cement-based concrete binders - Considers performance in adverse environmental conditions. - Offers equal emphasis on the science behind the technology and its use in civil engineering.
Author: Jong Wan Hu Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1315683024 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 1014
Book Description
The ICAMEST 2015 Conference covered new developments in advanced materials and engineering structural technology. Applications in civil, mechanical, industrial and material science are covered in this book. Providing high-quality, scholarly research, addressing developments, applications and implications in the field of structural health monitoring, construction safety and management, sensors and measurements. This volume contains new models for nonlinear structural analysis and applications of modeling identification. Furthermore, advanced chemical materials are discussed with applications in mechanical and civil engineering and for the maintenance of new materials. In addition, a new system of pressure regulating and water conveyance based on small and middle hydropower stations is discussed. An experimental investigation of the ultimate strength and behavior of the three types of steel tubular K-joints was presented. Furthermore, real-time and frequency linear and nonlinear modeling performance of materials of structures contents were concluded with the notion of a fully brittle material, and this approach is implemented in the book by outlining a finite-element method for the prediction of the construction performance and cracking patterns of arbitrary structural concrete forms. This book is an ideal reference for practicing engineers in material, mechanical and civil engineering and consultants (design, construction, maintenance), and can also be used as a reference for students in mechanical and civil engineering courses.
Author: Noor Amila Wan Abdullah Zawawi Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1315349477 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 787
Book Description
Engineering Challenges for Sustainable Future contains the papers presented at the 3rd International Conference on Civil, Offshore & Environmental Engineering (ICCOEE2016, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 15-17 August 2016), under the banner of World Engineering, Science & Technology Congress (ESTCON2016). The ICCOEE series of conferences started in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2012, and the second event of the series took place in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2014. This conference series deals with the civil, offshore & environmental engineering field, addressing the following topics: • Environmental and Water Resources Engineering • Coastal and Offshore Engineering • Structures and Materials • Construction and Project Management • Highway, Geotechnical and Transportation Engineering and Geo-informatics This book is an essential reading for academic, engineers and all professionals involved in the area of civil, offshore and environmental engineering.
Author: Chengsheng Ouyang
Author: Chengsheng Ouyang
Author: Steven. M. Cramer
Author: J. Marchand
Author: K. Wesche
Author: 
Author: Roxanne C. Kreisel
Author: R C Joshi
Author: F. Pacheco-Torgal
Author: Jong Wan Hu
Author: Noor Amila Wan Abdullah Zawawi