Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Free-air CO2 Enrichment for Forests PDF full book. Access full book title Free-air CO2 Enrichment for Forests by . Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 6
Book Description
This paper presents details of a study that was done to assess the damage that elevated carbon dioxide has on forest ecosystems. Topics discussed include: elevated concentration of carbon dioxide can it be maintained at ground level; effects of wind variations; is there a problem with carbon dioxide and how serious is it; and can forests management strategies be altered to sustain forest productivity, health and diversity.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 6
Book Description
This paper presents details of a study that was done to assess the damage that elevated carbon dioxide has on forest ecosystems. Topics discussed include: elevated concentration of carbon dioxide can it be maintained at ground level; effects of wind variations; is there a problem with carbon dioxide and how serious is it; and can forests management strategies be altered to sustain forest productivity, health and diversity.
Author: George R. Hendrey Publisher: CRC PressI Llc ISBN: 9780849387227 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 250
Book Description
FACE provides a compendium of information on Free-Air Carbon Dioxide Enrichment, the latest advance in technology for exposing field-grown plants to changes in atmospheric chemistry. The book presents the justification and mission of the DOE/USDA FACE Program, the historical development of various types of fumigation equipment and of FACE-type systems, a cost comparison for the set-up and execution of experiments using FACE and other types of systems, FACE design and performance data, and results of FACE experiments on cotton.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 12
Book Description
Forest ecosystems constitute an important part of the planet's land cover. Understanding their exchanges of carbon with the atmosphere is crucial in projecting future net atmospheric CO2 increases. It is also important that experimental studies of these processes be performed under conditions which are as realistic as possible, particularly with respect to photosynthesis and evapotranspiration. New technology and experimental protocols now exist which can facilitate studying an undisturbed forest canopy under long-term enriched CO2 conditions. The International Geosphere Biosphere Program of the International Council of Scientific Unions has established a subprogram on Global Change and Terrestrial Ecosystems (GCTE). This program is driven by two major concerns: to be able to predict the effects of global change on the structure and function of ecosystems, and to predict how these changes will control both atmospheric CO2 and climate, through various feedback pathways. Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) has developed a system for exposing field-grown plants to controlled elevated concentrations of atmospheric gases, without use of confining chambers that alter important atmospheric exchange processes. This system, called FACE for Free Air CO2 Enrichment. This paper focuses on the fluid mechanics of free-air fumigation and uses a numerical simulation model based on superposed gaussian plumes to project how the present ground-based system could be used to fumigate an elevated forest canopy.
Author: Kurt S. Pregitzer Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters ISBN: 0128055626 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 27
Book Description
The Aspen free-air carbon dioxide (CO2) enrichment (FACE) experiment tested how three developing forest communities responded to elevated concentrations of CO2 and/or tropospheric ozone (O3). Throughout the 11-year experiment, elevated CO2 increased aboveground productivity, whereas the initial negative effects of elevated O3 on aboveground productivity became insignificant over time. During the first 2 years, fine root biomass and soil respiration responded positively to elevated CO2 and negatively to elevated O3. However, after 5 years, O3 effects on fine root biomass were weakly negative or positive and effects on soil respiration were positive. Despite altering litter inputs, neither elevated O3 nor elevated CO2 affected overall soil C storage at the end of the experiment, consistent with observations that elevated CO2 increased and elevated O3 tended to decrease the activity of litter-degrading extracellular enzymes. Overall, our understanding of belowground processes is still insufficient to predict how ecosystems will respond to global change.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 38
Book Description
A variety of approaches have been used in fumigation experiments to quantify the effects of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]{sub atm}) on plants. Mot of these approaches, reviewed elsewhere (Allen 1992), entail some type of enclosure or chamber. Chambers provide containment of the CO2-enriched air and in this way reduce the amount of CO2 required for the experiment. At the same time, chambers alter microclimate conditions in a variety of ways so that there is a significant chamber effect on the plants within. Free-air carbon dioxide enrichment (FACE) is an alternative experimental strategy in which CO2-enriched air is released into the ambient environment in such a way as to provide effective experimental control over [CO2]{sub atm} without causing any change in other environmental variables. Early types of free-air exposure systems were built in the Netherlands and England for exposing vegetation to elevated concentrations of atmospheric trace gases. The FACE Program at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) considered these original ideas in designing the BNL FACE systems. The purpose of the current BNL project in the Duke Forest is to develop a FACE system that can provide adequate control over [CO2]{sub atm} in a tall forest setting. This report is a preliminary overview of the data and much remains to be done in the analysis.
Author: Josef Nösberger Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3540312374 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 480
Book Description
This book provides an up-to-date review of the effects of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide on agroecosystems, forests, and grasslands. It summarizes the main findings from 13 experiments with annual crops, permanent pastures and plantation forests at 11 sites throughout the world during the past ten years. The results significantly alter our perception of how rising CO2 will directly affect these managed ecosystems.
Author: Dieter Overdieck Publisher: Springer ISBN: 981101860X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 247
Book Description
This comprehensive book discusses the ecophysiological features of trees affected by the two most prominent factors of climate change: atmospheric CO2 concentration and temperature. It starts with the introduction of experimental methods at the leaf, branch, the whole-tree, and tree group scales, and in the following chapters elaborates on specific topics including photosynthesis of leaves, respiration of plant organs, water use efficiency, the production of and/or distribution patterns of carbohydrates, secondary metabolites, and nutrients, anatomy of cells and tissues, height and stem-diameter growth, biomass accumulation, leaf phenology and longevity, and model ecosystems (soil-litter-plant enclosures). The current knowledge is neatly summarized, and the author presents valuable data derived from his 30 years of experimental research, some of which is published here for the first time. Using numerous examples the book answers the fundamental questions such as: What are the interactions of elevated CO2 concentration and temperature on tree growth and matter partitioning? How do different tree groups react? Are there any effects on organisms living together with trees? What kinds of models can be used to interpret the results from experiments on trees? This volume is highly recommended for researchers, postdocs, and graduate students in the relevant fields. It is also a valuable resource for undergraduate students, decision-makers in the fields of forest management and environmental protection, and any other scientists who are interested in the effect of global change on ecosystems.
Author: George W. Koch Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0080500706 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 463
Book Description
The importance of carbon dioxide extends from cellular to global levels of organization and potential ecological deterioration may be the result of increased CO2 in our atmosphere. Recently, the research emphasis shifted from studies of photosynthesis pathways and plant growth to ground-breaking studies of carbon dioxide balances in ecosystems, regions, and even the entire globe. Carbon Dioxide and Terrestrial Ecosystems addresses these new areas of research. Economically important woody ecosystems are emphasized because they have substantial influence on global carbon dioxide balances. Herbaceous ecosystems (e.g., grasslands, prairies, wetlands) and crop ecosystems are also covered. The interactions among organisms, communities, and ecosystems are modeled, and the book closes with an important synthesis of this growing nexus of research. Carbon Dioxide and Terrestrial Ecosystems is a compilation of detailed scientific studies that reveal how ecosystems generally, and particular plants specifically, respond to changed levels of carbon dioxide. - Contributions from an international team of experts - Empirical examination of the actual effects of carbon dioxide - Variety of terrestrial habitats investigated - Specific plants and whole ecosystems offered as studies
Author: 
Author: 
Author: George R. Hendrey
Author: 
Author: 
Author: 
Author: Kurt S. Pregitzer
Author: 
Author: Josef Nösberger
Author: Dieter Overdieck
Author: George W. Koch