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Author: Gonzalo R. Rada Publisher: Transportation Research Board ISBN: 0309283450 Category : Pavements Languages : en Pages : 162
Book Description
"TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program Report 747: Guide for Conducting Forensic Investigations of Highway Pavements explores a process for conducting forensic investigations of pavements that is designed to help understand the reasons behind premature failures or exceptionally good performance. The process also allows for the collection of data for use in developing or calibrating performance-prediction models. The report includes example forms and checklists for use during the conduct of an investigation. These forms can be modified to suit the particular requirements and procedures for the agency. The example forms are included with the print version of the report in CD-ROM format." --Publisher description.
Author: Gonzalo R. Rada Publisher: Transportation Research Board ISBN: 0309283450 Category : Pavements Languages : en Pages : 162
Book Description
"TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program Report 747: Guide for Conducting Forensic Investigations of Highway Pavements explores a process for conducting forensic investigations of pavements that is designed to help understand the reasons behind premature failures or exceptionally good performance. The process also allows for the collection of data for use in developing or calibrating performance-prediction models. The report includes example forms and checklists for use during the conduct of an investigation. These forms can be modified to suit the particular requirements and procedures for the agency. The example forms are included with the print version of the report in CD-ROM format." --Publisher description.
Author: M. Shabbir Hossain Publisher: ISBN: Category : Pavements, Concrete Languages : en Pages : 38
Book Description
This report describes the investigation of structural failure in a section of the Appomattox Bypass along U.S. 460 in the town of Appomattox, Virginia. The bypass is a four-lane divided highway. The section that was investigated is an 11-year-old section of jointed plain concrete pavement located approximately between mile post 8.10 and mile post 8.35 in the eastbound lane. A forensic investigation was conducted to identify the causes of failure and determine reasonable remedial measures. The investigation included a visual condition survey, non-destructive testing, coring through pavement layers, and slab removal. Drainage problems, construction issues, and other pavement component issues were found with regard to this rigid pavement and led to the failure. Water trapped within the open-graded drainage layer aggravated the failure rate of the drainage layer abrading the underlying soil cement layer. As a remedial measure, the researchers suggested that the drainage function be restored and the damaged pavement layers be repaired.
Author: Shad M. Sargand Publisher: ISBN: Category : Pavements Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The purpose of this research was to identify flexible and rigid pavements in Ohio with average and above average performance, and determine the reasons for these differences in performance. The identification and implementation of factors linked to extended service life will improve performance statewide. FWD and ride quality profiles were measured to evaluate project uniformity, and material samples were obtained from a selected location on each project and tested in the laboratory to determine material properties. Volume 1 of the report includes: the project selection process, FWD and ride quality data, laboratory results of testing on base, subgrade and asphalt concrete pavement samples, and projected service lives using FWD data and the MEPDG. Volume 2 provides results of the laboratory tests and petrographic examinations of the Portland cement concrete cores. Volume 3 contains petrographic analysis of PCC pavement specimens in Cuyahoga County, Ohio containing Blast Furnace Slag Aggregate. Flexible and rigid pavements in Ohio having no structural maintenance show an average condition rating of 68 after 20 and 30 years of service, respectively. This performance, coupled with the general lack of structural distress observed on pavements selected for study indicates pavement design procedures used in Ohio are meeting expectations. Practices recommended to improve pavement performance include: 1) constructing stiffer and more uniform subgrades to provide better support and minimize localized failures, 2) reducing amounts of Portland cement and using larger aggregate in 451 and 452 concrete, while continuing to screen aggregate for D-cracking susceptibility, 3) increasing emphasis on ensuring that dowel bars maintain proper alignment during PC concrete placement, and 4) continuing the use of performance grading, smaller aggregate and polymers in AC mixes on heavily traveled pavements. Other observations regarding data used to reach these conclusions include: keeping the PMIS database current, retaining construction records for at least the design life of the pavements, being aware that the effect of surface cracks on flexible pavement performance depends upon whether the cracks are top-down or bottom-up, and keeping the PMIS and straight-line diagrams consistent in identifying project limits, project numbers and paving materials.
Author: Catherine Johnson Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 230
Book Description
This thesis presents the recommendation for whether the Georgia Department of Transportation (GDOT) should adopt the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 747 (Guide for Conducting Forensic Investigations of Highway Pavements) as a guide to conduct forensic investigations. The evaluation of three pavement types using the NCHRP 747 guide is completed: Jointed Plain Concrete (JPC), Continuously Reinforced Concrete (CRC), and Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA). Each type consisted of an evaluation of two sites in "good/fair" and "poor" conditions. Non-destructive testing was performed using a Ground Penetration Radar (GPR) and Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD). Destructive and on-site field testing were performed consistently with the recommendations of the guide. Laboratory tests were conducted to determine material properties and combined with traffic data to form conclusions about the causes of pavement distress. It is recommended from this study that the GDOT adopts the NCHRP Report 747 for use in Georgia.
Author: Pavana K. R. Vennapusa Publisher: ISBN: Category : Pavements Languages : en Pages : 13
Book Description
Results from a field forensic investigation conducted using a falling weight deflectometer (FWD) and visual observations on a jointed concrete pavement that showed premature distresses are presented in this article. At the time of testing, the pavement was six years old and was supported on a crushed limestone granular base underlain by cohesive natural or fill subgrade. The primary objective of the field investigation was to assess whether the foundation support conditions contributed to the distresses observed. FWD tests were conducted on 140 panels over an 830-m-long section of which 25 panels showed distress. The FWD deflection basin data was used to calculate several index parameters, which showed statistically significant differences between the cracked and the uncracked slabs, which suggests that the foundation layer properties were comparatively weaker under the cracked slabs. Visual observations showed that some of the distresses were related to potential lateral movement of the slopes next to the pavement.
Author: Robert W. Day Publisher: McGraw Hill Professional ISBN: 0071761349 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 528
Book Description
A complete, up-to-date guide for forensic engineers Fully revised and packed with current case studies, Forensic Geotechnical and Foundation Engineering, Second Edition provides a step-by-step approach to conducting a professional forensic geotechnical and foundation investigation. This authoritative resource explains how to: Investigate damage, deterioration, and collapse in a structure Determine what caused the damage Develop repair recommendations Diagnose cracks Prepare files and reports Avoid civil liability Helpful charts and photographs aid in your understanding of the material covered. With expert advice on all aspects of the process--from accepting the assignment to delivering compelling testimony--this is a practical, all-in-one guide to geotechnical and foundation investigations in forensic engineering. Explains how to investigate damage due to: Settlement of structures * Expansive soil * Lateral Movement * Earthquakes * Erosion * Deterioration * Bearing Capacity Failures * Shrinkage Cracking of Concrete Foundations * Timber Decay * Soluble Soil * Groundwater and Moisture Problems * And Other Causes
Author: Gonzalo R. Rada Publisher: ISBN: 9780309283458 Category : Pavements Languages : en Pages : 166
Book Description
"TRB's National Cooperative Highway Research Program Report 747: Guide for Conducting Forensic Investigations of Highway Pavements explores a process for conducting forensic investigations of pavements that is designed to help understand the reasons behind premature failures or exceptionally good performance. The process also allows for the collection of data for use in developing or calibrating performance-prediction models. The report includes example forms and checklists for use during the conduct of an investigation. These forms can be modified to suit the particular requirements and procedures for the agency. The example forms are included with the print version of the report in CD-ROM format." --Publisher description.
Author: Thomas Elliott Freeman Publisher: ISBN: Category : Pavements Languages : en Pages : 15
Book Description
A few years after Old Airport Road in Bristol, Virginia, was reconstructed, inordinate distortions of remarkable uniformity began to appear in the paved asphalt surface directly above concrete pipe culverts, which were buried beneath and across the road to transport storm runoff. The distortions closely resemble broad speed bumps that extend across all lanes. The growing influence of the distortions on ride quality and subsequent complaints from the traveling public prompted the City of Bristol to request the investigation reported here. A summary of the project's construction background, methods and findings of the investigation, conclusions regarding the cause of distress, and recommendations for remedial action are presented. The portion of Old Airport Road afflicted by the distress is five lanes wide and extends approximately 0.80 mile in length from its intersection with Bonham Road to I-81 toward the north. Of the 20 pipe culverts that were constructed transversely beneath the road, 14 exhibited some sign of surface distortion at the time of this report. The culverts were placed as part of the Old Airport Road widening and reconstruction project in 1994. This forensic investigation, which included visual and video surveys of pavements and culverts, a geotechnical examination of subgrade conditions, a non-destructive pavement deflection analysis, laboratory and microscopic analyses of culvert trench backfill material, and review of a pertinent geotechnical exploration conducted by others, was designed to determine if the distress was the result of (1) settlement between culverts, or (2) heaving of the trenches themselves. Results of this work demonstrate that the cause of the observed distortions is attributed to expansive heave of the black pyritic shale that was used to backfill transverse culvert trenches. In addition, significant structural damage to culvert pipes resulting from excessive heave expansion pressures was documented. The laboratory analysis of shale backfill samples indicates that heave, which results from the oxidation of pyrite and the formation of new minerals, is ongoing. Recommendations for remedial action include removing all shale trench backfill in distorted zones, replacing damaged pipes, and properly backfilling with a flowable fill or a suitable, compactable non-shale granular material.
Author: Brian K. Diefenderfer Publisher: ISBN: Category : Deformations (Mechanics) Languages : en Pages : 40
Book Description
This report documents the findings of a forensic investigation to determine the causes of premature failures noted in brick paver crosswalks in the Court Square area in Charlottesville, Virginia. Brick paver crosswalks were installed in late November to early December 2004 and began to show signs of permanent deformation within approximately 18 months after installation. This study sought to examine the cause(s) of this deterioration through a forensic investigation, to provide recommendations for corrective action, and to present suitable designs for long-term performance. The findings are expected to lead to significant cost savings for the City of Charlottesville by eliminating future premature failures and providing alternative designs suitable for moderate- to low-volume urban settings and criteria for evaluating future designs. The findings suggest that minor changes to specifications and construction procedures could greatly increase the service life of brick crosswalk structures used in urban conditions. If an approximate construction cost is $25 per square foot, the construction of four crosswalks within each intersection (assuming two 10-foot travel lanes, two 8-foot parking lanes, and a length of 8 feet) costs nearly $30,000. Following the design recommendations provided herein should yield a service life of 15 to 20 years. If the same costs are incurred in constructing crosswalks with the current service life (approximately 3 years), the recommended design and specification changes could result in a savings of $120,000 to $170,000 per intersection by reducing the need to reconstruct on a frequent basis. This cost difference does not include the costs associated with delays to the traveling public or inconvenience to nearby businesses, which would increase the cost savings significantly.
Author: Gonzalo R. Rada
Author: Gonzalo R. Rada
Author: M. Shabbir Hossain
Author: Shad M. Sargand
Author: Catherine Johnson
Author: Pavana K. R. Vennapusa
Author: Robert W. Day
Author: Gonzalo R. Rada
Author: Thomas Elliott Freeman
Author: Brian K. Diefenderfer
Author: Damon Jeffrey Jackson