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Author: Kittu Reddy Publisher: Createspace Independent Pub ISBN: 9781505312607 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 382
Book Description
On 15th August 1947, India attained her independence from British rule; however, it was a fissured independence as India was partitioned into two States, India and Pakistan. On that day, Sri Aurobindo gave a message in which he spoke of the five dreams that had been the basis of his whole life. He wrote: “Indeed, on this day I can watch almost all the world-movements which I hoped to see fulfilled in my lifetime, though then they looked like impracticable dreams, arriving at fruition or on their way to achievement. In all these movements free India may well play a large part and take a leading position.”The first of these dreams was the freedom and the unity of India. However, India got freedom but not unity. Sri Aurobindo wrote in the same message: “But the old communal division into Hindus and Muslims seems now to have hardened into a permanent political division of the country. It is to be hoped that this settled fact will not be accepted as settled for ever or as anything more than a temporary expedient. For if it lasts, India may be seriously weakened, even crippled: civil strife may remain always possible, possible even a new invasion and foreign conquest. India's internal development and prosperity may be impeded, her position among the nations weakened, her destiny impaired or even frustrated. This must not be; the partition must go. Let us hope that this may come about naturally, by an increasing recognition of the necessity not only of peace and concord but of common action, by the practice of common action and the creation of means for that purpose. In this way unity may finally come about under whatever form – the exact form may have a pragmatic but not a fundamental importance. But by whatever means, in whatever way, the division must go; unity must and will be achieved, for it is necessary for the greatness of India's future.”Sri Aurobindo and the Mother have been since that day working silently and in their own spiritual way to bring about this unity of India that will inevitably come about in the near future.It is this conviction and assurance that has inspired me to write this book.This book is an attempt to trace the political history of India from the ancient times to the modern day. I have tried to analyze the repeated attempts in the past to bring about a political unity, the partial success and the failure that has attended this attempt. I have tried to analyze the reasons for the failure and made some suggestions, which may lead to the final solution of the problem of political unity of the subcontinent of India. In this effort, I have been guided throughout by the vision of Sri Aurobindo and the Mother. The book therefore contains copious references from the writings of Sri Aurobindo and the Mother. However, I take full responsibility for the views expressed in the book.The book is divided into two sections. The first section has two parts, one dealing with the history of India before Independence and the second dealing with the history after Independence.In the first part, the political history of ancient India is traced and the success and failure to bring about political unity is analyzed. Next, the political situation after the advent of the Muslims is discussed in some detail. Later, the political situation after the British conquest of India and its policy of divide and rule has been discussed. Ultimately, India got its freedom but was partitioned and divided into two.In the second part, there is a detailed discussion and analysis of the political situation after the partition of India till the modern times.In the second section of the book, I have tried to show that Pakistan as a nation will inevitably disintegrate. This is based on my study of Political Science in the light of Sri Aurobindo. I have tried to show that Pakistan is an artificial unit and will therefore inevitably disappear.
Author: Kittu Reddy Publisher: Createspace Independent Pub ISBN: 9781505312607 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 382
Book Description
On 15th August 1947, India attained her independence from British rule; however, it was a fissured independence as India was partitioned into two States, India and Pakistan. On that day, Sri Aurobindo gave a message in which he spoke of the five dreams that had been the basis of his whole life. He wrote: “Indeed, on this day I can watch almost all the world-movements which I hoped to see fulfilled in my lifetime, though then they looked like impracticable dreams, arriving at fruition or on their way to achievement. In all these movements free India may well play a large part and take a leading position.”The first of these dreams was the freedom and the unity of India. However, India got freedom but not unity. Sri Aurobindo wrote in the same message: “But the old communal division into Hindus and Muslims seems now to have hardened into a permanent political division of the country. It is to be hoped that this settled fact will not be accepted as settled for ever or as anything more than a temporary expedient. For if it lasts, India may be seriously weakened, even crippled: civil strife may remain always possible, possible even a new invasion and foreign conquest. India's internal development and prosperity may be impeded, her position among the nations weakened, her destiny impaired or even frustrated. This must not be; the partition must go. Let us hope that this may come about naturally, by an increasing recognition of the necessity not only of peace and concord but of common action, by the practice of common action and the creation of means for that purpose. In this way unity may finally come about under whatever form – the exact form may have a pragmatic but not a fundamental importance. But by whatever means, in whatever way, the division must go; unity must and will be achieved, for it is necessary for the greatness of India's future.”Sri Aurobindo and the Mother have been since that day working silently and in their own spiritual way to bring about this unity of India that will inevitably come about in the near future.It is this conviction and assurance that has inspired me to write this book.This book is an attempt to trace the political history of India from the ancient times to the modern day. I have tried to analyze the repeated attempts in the past to bring about a political unity, the partial success and the failure that has attended this attempt. I have tried to analyze the reasons for the failure and made some suggestions, which may lead to the final solution of the problem of political unity of the subcontinent of India. In this effort, I have been guided throughout by the vision of Sri Aurobindo and the Mother. The book therefore contains copious references from the writings of Sri Aurobindo and the Mother. However, I take full responsibility for the views expressed in the book.The book is divided into two sections. The first section has two parts, one dealing with the history of India before Independence and the second dealing with the history after Independence.In the first part, the political history of ancient India is traced and the success and failure to bring about political unity is analyzed. Next, the political situation after the advent of the Muslims is discussed in some detail. Later, the political situation after the British conquest of India and its policy of divide and rule has been discussed. Ultimately, India got its freedom but was partitioned and divided into two.In the second part, there is a detailed discussion and analysis of the political situation after the partition of India till the modern times.In the second section of the book, I have tried to show that Pakistan as a nation will inevitably disintegrate. This is based on my study of Political Science in the light of Sri Aurobindo. I have tried to show that Pakistan is an artificial unit and will therefore inevitably disappear.
Author: B., Krishna Publisher: Harper Collins ISBN: 9353024811 Category : Biography & Autobiography Languages : en Pages : 340
Book Description
As prime minister of Britain, Winston Churchill had ordered the preparation of an imperial strategy with the intention of Balkanizing India and tightening Britain's post-war hold over her. The strategy envisaged two Pakistans, one in the west and the other in the east, both large in size at India's expense; the west to include the non-Muslim east Punjab; the east, the whole of Bengal (despite Hindus comprising almost half the population), and the predominantly Hindu Assam. Within her borders, India was to be Balkanized with the creation of independent confederations of princely states. Attlee's policy statement of 20 February 1947 was to implement the same, and Mountbatten was given the mandate to transfer power and quit India by June 1948, a date that was advanced to August 1947. However, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel foiled Churchill's strategy. This book examines Patel's extraordinary contribution, from his unflinching support to Gandhi's satyagrahas and the Indian freedom struggle, to his farsighted and courageous approach in building a strong, integrated India.
Author: Shirin Tahir-Kheli Publisher: Council on Foreign Relations Press ISBN: 9780876091999 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 180
Book Description
In India, Pakistan, and the United States. Dr. Shirin R. Tahir-Kheli points out that the end of the Cold War and the rise of a new generation of Indians and Pakistanis willing to break with the past and concentrate on economic development provide opportunities for all three countries. Sustained American involvement in South Asia - previously the United States has tended to focus on the region only during periods of international crisis - could both generate major economic opportunities for the United States in one of the world's largest markets and help solve the difficult issues of Kashmir and nuclear proliferation. Discussing South Asia's disputes, alliances, and alignments, its role in the Cold War, and the prospects for controlling the spread of nuclear weapons, the author considers the past, present, and future relations among India, Pakistan, and the United States. This book is a valuable contribution to improving American understanding of two of the world's most populous countries.
Author: Anja Manuel Publisher: Simon and Schuster ISBN: 1501121987 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 384
Book Description
"In the next decade and a half, China and India will become two of the world's indispensable powers--whether they rise peacefully or not. During that time, Asia will surpass the combined strength of North America and Europe in economic might, population size, and military spending. Both India and China will have vetoes over many international decisions, from climate change to global trade, human rights, and business standards. From her front row view of this colossal shift, first at the State Department and now as an advisor to American business leaders, Anja Manuel escorts the reader on an intimate tour of the corridors of power in Delhi and Beijing. Her encounters with political and business leaders reveal how each country's history and politics influences their conduct today. Through vibrant stories, she reveals how each country is working to surmount enormous challenges--from the crushing poverty of Indian slum dwellers and Chinese factory workers, to outrageous corruption scandals, rotting rivers, unbreathable air, and managing their citizens' discontent. We wring our hands about China, Manuel writes, while we underestimate India, which will be the most important country outside the West to shape China's rise. Manuel shows us that a different path is possible--we can bring China and India along as partners rather than alienating one or both, and thus extend our own leadership in the world"--
Author: Rudra Chaudhuri Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA ISBN: 0199354863 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 381
Book Description
Offers a fresh and challenging interpretation of India's relationship with the United States over six decades, revealing the complex and distinctive manner in which New Delhi has pursued its interests.
Author: Patrick French Publisher: Penguin UK ISBN: 0241950414 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 701
Book Description
At midnight on 14 August 1947, Britain's 350-year-old Indian Empire was broken into three pieces. The greatest mass migration in history began, as Muslims fled north and Hindus fled south, and Britain's role as an imperial power came to an end. Patrick French's vivid and surprising account of the chaotic final years of colonial rule in India has been acclaimed as the definitive book on this subject. Journeying across India, Bangladesh and Pakistan, he brings to life a cast of characters including spies, idealists, freedom fighters and politicians from Churchill to Gandhi.
Author: Andrew Jon Rotter Publisher: Cornell University Press ISBN: 9780801484605 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 372
Book Description
Comrades at Odds explores the complicated Cold War relationship between the United States and the newly independent India of Jawaharlal Nehru from a unique perspective--that of culture, broadly defined. In a departure from the usual way of doing diplomatic history, Andrew J. Rotter chose culture as his jumping-off point because, he says, "Like the rest of us, policymakers and diplomats do not shed their values, biases, and assumptions at their office doors. They are creatures of culture, and their attitudes cannot help but shape the policy they make." To define those attitudes, Rotter consults not only government documents and the memoirs of those involved in the events of the day, but also literature, art, and mass media. "An advertisement, a photograph, a cartoon, a film, and a short story," he finds, "tell us in their own ways about relations between nations as surely as a State Department memorandum does."While expanding knowledge about the creation and implementation of democracy, Rotter carries his analysis across the categories of race, class, gender, religion, and culturally infused practices of governance, strategy, and economics.Americans saw Indians as superstitious, unclean, treacherous, lazy, and prevaricating. Indians regarded Americans as arrogant, materialistic, uncouth, profane, and violent. Yet, in spite of these stereotypes, Rotter notes the mutual recognition of profound similarities between the two groups; they were indeed "comrades at odds."
Author: Lawrence Saez Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 113663262X Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 240
Book Description
Following India’s general election in May 2009, this book undertakes a critical evaluation of the performance of the United Progressive Alliance (UPA). It presents a thorough analysis of the UPA coalition government, and by providing an understanding of the new innovations in the UPA’s policies, the book goes on to evaluate the effectiveness of these policies against their aims and objectives. This book suggests that there is an analytical framework for assessing the political consequences of the policies and the UPA’s success, both at the national and state levels, with particular reference to new policies in governance, secularism and security. These three areas constitute important fault lines between the main national political parties in India, and provide an interesting point of departure to explore the new emerging trends, as well as the strong underlying continuities between the UPA administration and its predecessors. The book offers new insights into the structure of Indian politics, and is a useful contribution to studies in South Asian Politics, Governance and Political Parties.
Author: Shashi Tharoor Publisher: Penguin Group ISBN: 9780141987149 Category : History Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Inglorious Empire' tells the real story of the British in India from the arrival of the East India Company to the end of the Raj, revealing how Britain's rise was built upon its plunder of India. In the eighteenth century, India's share of the world economy was as large as Europe's. By 1947, after two centuries of British rule, it had decreased six-fold. Beyond conquest and deception, the Empire blew rebels from cannon, massacred unarmed protesters, entrenched institutionalised racism, and caused millions to die from starvation. British imperialism justified itself as enlightened despotism for the benefit of the governed, but Shashi Tharoor takes on and demolishes this position, demonstrating how every supposed imperial "gift" - from the railways to the rule of law -was designed in Britain's interests alone. He goes on to show how Britain's Industrial Revolution was founded on India's deindustrialisation, and the destruction of its textile industry.
Author: Kittu Reddy
Author: Kittu Reddy
Author: Vallabhbhai Patel
Author: B., Krishna
Author: Shirin Tahir-Kheli
Author: Anja Manuel
Author: Rudra Chaudhuri
Author: Patrick French
Author: Andrew Jon Rotter
Author: Lawrence Saez
Author: Shashi Tharoor