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Author: Flynn Hayes Publisher: Callisto Reference ISBN: 9781641166140 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 236
Book Description
A flood is an overflow of water that submerges the land which is generally dry. It can occur due to various factors such as overflow of water from water bodies, accumulation of rainwater on saturated ground in an areal flood or when the flow rate exceeds the capacity of the river channel. Flood modeling is a process where the effects of floods are simulated using mathematical formulas and equations. Flood forecasting involves the use of forecasted precipitation and streamflow data to forecast flow rates and water levels. It is an important element of flood warning. It makes use of real-time flood forecasting models for early warning and prevention from disaster. Construction of floodways, diversion canals, dams, flood plains, coastal defences and temporary perimeter barriers are a few examples of flood control methods that play a vital role in preventing the damaging effects of flood waters. The book studies, analyses and upholds the pillars of flood modeling and its utmost significance in modern times. It traces the progress of this field and highlights some of its key concepts and applications. Those in search of information to further their knowledge will be greatly assisted by this book.
Author: Flynn Hayes Publisher: Callisto Reference ISBN: 9781641166140 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 236
Book Description
A flood is an overflow of water that submerges the land which is generally dry. It can occur due to various factors such as overflow of water from water bodies, accumulation of rainwater on saturated ground in an areal flood or when the flow rate exceeds the capacity of the river channel. Flood modeling is a process where the effects of floods are simulated using mathematical formulas and equations. Flood forecasting involves the use of forecasted precipitation and streamflow data to forecast flow rates and water levels. It is an important element of flood warning. It makes use of real-time flood forecasting models for early warning and prevention from disaster. Construction of floodways, diversion canals, dams, flood plains, coastal defences and temporary perimeter barriers are a few examples of flood control methods that play a vital role in preventing the damaging effects of flood waters. The book studies, analyses and upholds the pillars of flood modeling and its utmost significance in modern times. It traces the progress of this field and highlights some of its key concepts and applications. Those in search of information to further their knowledge will be greatly assisted by this book.
Author: Zekâi Şen Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319523562 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 422
Book Description
This book draws on the author’s professional experience and expertise in humid and arid regions to familiarize readers with the basic scientific philosophy and methods regarding floods and their impacts on human life and property. The basis of each model, algorithm and calculation methodology is presented, together with logical and analytical strategies. Global warming and climate change trends are addressed, while flood risk assessments, vulnerability, preventive and mitigation procedures are explained systematically, helping readers apply them in a rational and effective manner. Lastly, real-world project applications are highlighted in each section, ensuring readers grasp not only the theoretical aspects but also their concrete implementation.
Author: Zekâi Şen Publisher: Elsevier ISBN: 0128024224 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 485
Book Description
Applied Drought Modelling, Prediction, and Mitigation provides a practical guide to new and recent methodologies for drought characterizations, change modeling, down-scaling, and future predictions. The modeling procedures covered by the book include recent advancements in regional drought extent, coverage, intensity, and water deficit predictions, which are increasingly significant given current climate change impacts on water resources. Each modeling procedure is explained theoretically prior to the mathematical derivation, and includes book examples, exercises, and case studies that supplement the applied and practical material, thus making the approaches accessible and applicable to the reader. Presents new and recent methodologies for drought characterizations, change modeling, down-scaling, and future predictions Includes online modeling tools to help readers quickly solve drought related problems Presents methodologies, including drought features (duration, intensity, and magnitude) at any desired risk level Include case studies from arid and semi-arid regions
Author: Guy J-P. Schumann Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1119217865 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 266
Book Description
Global Flood Hazard Subject Category Winner, PROSE Awards 2019, Earth Science Selected from more than 500 entries, demonstrating exceptional scholarship and making a significant contribution to the field of study. PROSE Award Finalist 2019 Association of American Publishers Award for Professional and Scholarly Excellence Flooding is a costly natural disaster in terms of damage to land, property and infrastructure. This volume describes the latest tools and technologies for modeling, mapping, and predicting large-scale flood risk. It also presents readers with a range of remote sensing data sets successfully used for predicting and mapping floods at different scales. These resources can enable policymakers, public planners, and developers to plan for, and respond to, flooding with greater accuracy and effectiveness. Describes the latest large-scale modeling approaches, including hydrological models, 2-D flood inundation models, and global flood forecasting models Showcases new tools and technologies such as Aqueduct, a new web-based tool used for global assessment and projection of future flood risk under climate change scenarios Features case studies describing best-practice uses of modeling techniques, tools, and technologies Global Flood Hazard is an indispensable resource for researchers, consultants, practitioners, and policy makers dealing with flood risk, flood disaster response, flood management, and flood mitigation.
Author: Fi-John Chang Publisher: MDPI ISBN: 3038975486 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 376
Book Description
Nowadays, the degree and scale of flood hazards has been massively increasing as a result of the changing climate, and large-scale floods jeopardize lives and properties, causing great economic losses, in the inundation-prone areas of the world. Early flood warning systems are promising countermeasures against flood hazards and losses. A collaborative assessment according to multiple disciplines, comprising hydrology, remote sensing, and meteorology, of the magnitude and impacts of flood hazards on inundation areas significantly contributes to model the integrity and precision of flood forecasting. Methodologically oriented countermeasures against flood hazards may involve the forecasting of reservoir inflows, river flows, tropical cyclone tracks, and flooding at different lead times and/or scales. Analyses of impacts, risks, uncertainty, resilience, and scenarios coupled with policy-oriented suggestions will give information for flood hazard mitigation. Emerging advances in computing technologies coupled with big-data mining have boosted data-driven applications, among which Machine Learning technology, with its flexibility and scalability in pattern extraction, has modernized not only scientific thinking but also predictive applications. This book explores recent Machine Learning advances on flood forecast and management in a timely manner and presents interdisciplinary approaches to modelling the complexity of flood hazards-related issues, with contributions to integrative solutions from a local, regional or global perspective.
Author: Joy Sanyal Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
In the last three decades many sophisticated tools have been developed that can accurately predict the dynamics of flooding. However, due to the paucity of adequate infrastructure, this technological advancement did not benefit ungauged flood-prone regions in the developing countries in a major way. The overall research theme of this dissertation is to explore the improvement in methodology that is essential for utilising recently developed flood prediction and management tools in the developing world, where ideal model inputs and validation datasets do not exist. This research addresses important issues related to undertaking inundation modelling at different scales, particularly in data-sparse environments. The results indicate that in order to predict dynamics of high magnitude stream flow in data-sparse regions, special attention is required on the choice of the model in relation to the available data and hydraulic characteristics of the event. Adaptations are necessary to create inputs for the models that have been primarily designed for areas with better availability of data. Freely available geospatial information of moderate resolution can often meet the minimum data requirements of hydrological and hydrodynamic models if they are supplemented carefully with limited surveyed/measured information. This thesis also explores the issue of flood mitigation through rainfall-runoff modelling. The purpose of this investigation is to assess the impact of land-use changes at the sub-catchment scale on the overall downstream flood risk. A key component of this study is also quantifying predictive uncertainty in hydrodynamic models based on the Generalised Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation (GLUE) framework. Detailed uncertainty assessment of the model outputs indicates that, in spite of using sparse inputs, the model outputs perform at reasonably low levels of uncertainty both spatially and temporally. These findings have the potential to encourage the flood managers and hydrologists in the developing world to use similar data sets for flood management.
Author: Timu W. Gallien Publisher: ISBN: 9781267826855 Category : Languages : en Pages : 109
Book Description
Coastal flooding has been recognized as a significant challenge for human settlement. Global sea levels are expected to rise on the order of 1 m by 2100, exacerbating already episodic flooding in highly urbanized coastal communities. Flood mapping is the first step in risk assessment and represents a critical element of flood risk management, not only to identify vulnerable property but to evaluate the efficacy and potential consequences of proposed adaptation strategies. However, flood maps have not been rigorously validated to include information about model sensitivities and uncertainties relative to modeling methodology and infrastructure resolution. A two dimensional Godunov type hydrodynamic model that solves a local Riemann problem to accommodate weir-like overflow is successfully applied to simulate tidal flooding. The shallow water hydrodynamic model is then augmented with empirical overtopping models to investigate the effect of wave overtopping volumes. Simulation results are compared to two unique validation datasets and three critical issues in coastal flood prediction emerge; the effects of methodology (i.e. equilibrium vs. hydrodynamic), depiction of both weir-like overflow of walls and wave runup and overtopping volumes and finally, resolving flood control infrastructure and mitigation measures. Hydrodynamic modeling methodologies responsive to flood control infrastructure are found to outperform existing equilibrium flood mapping methodologies which ignore hydraulic connectivity and assume instantaneous filling of the backshore. Weir-like and wave runup and overtopping volumes are shown to significantly influence flood prediction, and paradoxically, mitigation strategies associated with weir-like flooding may exacerbate runup and overtopping floods. Finally, results show that accurate flood mapping requires inclusion of both flood control infrastructure such as drainage and flood defense walls resolved with centimetric accuracy. A real time kinematic (RTK) survey with approximately 1.5 cm vertical root mean square error (RMSE) is found to be suitable for barrier height measurement. However, errors consistent with aerial laser scanning (LiDAR) of approximately 15 cm RMSE are inadequate for urban flood mapping.
Author: Donald W. Knight Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 624
Book Description
This book provides an attractive overview to researchers and professionals world-wide working in the field of flood risk management and other hydrological issues. The work is also intended as a sound introduction to river basin management.
Author: Tetsuya Sumi Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9811629048 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 559
Book Description
This open access book brings together research studies, developments, and application-related flash flood topics on wadi systems in arid regions. The major merit of this comprehensive book is its focus on research and technical papers as well as case study applications in different regions worldwide that cover many topics and answer several scientific questions. The book chapters comprehensively and significantly highlight different scientific research disciplines related to wadi flash floods, including climatology, hydrological models, new monitoring techniques, remote sensing techniques, field investigations, international collaboration projects, risk assessment and mitigation, sedimentation and sediment transport, and groundwater quality and quantity assessment and management. In this book, the contributing authors (engineers, researchers, and professionals) introduce their recent scientific findings to develop suitable, applicable, and innovative tools for forecasting, mitigation, and water management as well as society development under seven main research themes as follows: Part 1. Wadi Flash Flood Challenges and Strategies Part 2. Hydrometeorology and Climate Changes Part 3. Rainfall–Runoff Modeling and Approaches Part 4. Disaster Risk Reduction and Mitigation Part 5. Reservoir Sedimentation and Sediment Yield Part 6. Groundwater Management Part 7. Application and Case Studies The book includes selected high-quality papers from five series of the International Symposium on Flash Floods in Wadi Systems (ISFF) that were held in 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, and 2020 in Japan, Egypt, Oman, Morocco, and Japan, respectively. These collections of chapters could provide valuable guidance and scientific content not only for academics, researchers, and students but also for decision-makers in the MENA region and worldwide.
Author: Andrew Austin-Petersen Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 144
Book Description
Flooding is the costliest natural disaster in the United States and tragically often leads to loss of life. Flood prediction, response and mitigation are therefore critical areas of research and have been for many decades. Hydrologic and hydraulic models are a key component of flood prediction methods and highly detailed models have been implemented in many areas of high risk which often correspond to areas with high population. However, the high cost and complexity of highly detailed models means that many areas of the US are not covered by flood prediction early warning systems. Recent increases in computational power and increased resolution and coverage of remotely sensed data have allowed for the development of a continental scale streamflow prediction system known as the National Water Model which is currently forecasting streamflow values for over 2.7 million stream reaches across the US. Flood inundation predictions can be derived from the National Water Model using digital elevation data to extract reach-scale rating curves and therefore river stage height. Using the height above nearest drainage method, flood inundation maps can be created from the stage height at relatively low computational cost at continental scale. The National Water Model is currently operating as a deterministic model for short-term predictions and does not currently include an estimate of the uncertainty in these predictions. The final streamflow values are at the end of a chain of models which originate from precipitation forecasts and go through rainfall-runoff and finally routing modules. The total uncertainty in the streamflow predictions is therefore a function of the uncertainty in each step. Uncertainty analysis commonly relies on an assessment of uncertainty in model parameters and boundary conditions, the use of perturbed inputs or through comparison of several different models of the same systems. Estimated uncertainty from the first model in a chain can then be propagated to the next model and so on until a final estimate is achieved. Unfortunately, the National Water Model is operated on a super computer and the details of the model are not available for perturbation analysis. One step in the National Water Model hourly cycle is the assimilation of USGS gage data which allows for corrections to the model state before the forecast simulation is made. This excludes USGS gage data from being used as a verification dataset. Even so, it is still an informative exercise to compare NWM predictions at these sites. There are numerous local and regional gaging stations which are not assimilated into the National Water Model and can be used as an independent check on the model output. Recent flooding in the Llano River basin in central Texas provides an opportunity to compare National Water Model predictions to both USGS and non-USGS gage readings. This thesis presents an assessment of the error in National Water Model predictions in the Llano River basin
Author: Flynn Hayes
Author: Flynn Hayes
Author: Zekâi Şen
Author: Zekâi Şen
Author: Guy J-P. Schumann
Author: Fi-John Chang
Author: Joy Sanyal
Author: Timu W. Gallien
Author: Donald W. Knight
Author: Tetsuya Sumi
Author: Andrew Austin-Petersen