Fiscal Redistribution and Social Welfare PDF Download

Author: Mr.David Coady
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
ISBN: 1484398084
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 30

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Book Description
Fiscal policy is a key tool for achieving distributional objectives in advanced economies. This paper embeds the discussion of fiscal redistribution within the standard social welfare framework, which lends itself to a transparent and practical evaluation of the extent and determinants of fiscal redistribution. Differences in fiscal redistribution are decomposed into differences in the magnitude of transfers (fiscal effort) and in the progressivity of transfers (fiscal progressivity). Fiscal progressivity is further decomposed into differences in the distribution of transfers across income groups (targeting performance) and in the social welfare returns to targeting due to varying initial levels of income inequality (targeting returns). This decomposition provides a clear distinction between the concepts of progressivity and targeting, and clarifies the relationship between them. For illustrative purposes, the framework is applied to data for 28 EU countries to determine the factors explaining differences in their fiscal redistribution and to discuss patterns in fiscal redistribution highlighted in the literature.

Author: John Creedy
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Income distribution
Languages : en
Pages : 260

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Book Description
In Fiscal Policy and Social Welfare John Creedy examines alternative tax and transfer systems and their redistributive effects.

Author: Moisa Altar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 18

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Book Description
The paper analyses the way in which monetary and fiscal policy influences the performances of economic growth and social welfare. The analysis is made on the basis of a dynamic model with discrete variables. The model is with a representative private agent and a government sector consisting of a consolidated fiscal authority and central bank. Households, in each period, decide about consumption, investment in physical capital, and financial investment in government bonds. The model is built in such a way that satisfaction of the budget constraint of the representative household implies satisfaction of the budget constraint of the government.The model has two state variables: the first is private wealth (consisting of money, bonds and physical capital), and the second is physical capital. The decision variables are: private nominal consumption, social nominal consumption and the amount of bonds bought by the private agent. The optimality conditions are obtained by using the Maximum Principle for discrete dynamic systems. A qualitative analysis of the optimal trajectories is performed, on the basis of the information provided by the Maximum Principle, concerning the dynamics of the dual variables. Finally, we analyze the influence of several monetary and fiscal decisions on the optimal trajectories of the model.

Author: Dean T. Jamison
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 0821361805
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 1449

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Book Description
Based on careful analysis of burden of disease and the costs ofinterventions, this second edition of 'Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries, 2nd edition' highlights achievable priorities; measures progresstoward providing efficient, equitable care; promotes cost-effectiveinterventions to targeted populations; and encourages integrated effortsto optimize health. Nearly 500 experts - scientists, epidemiologists, health economists,academicians, and public health practitioners - from around the worldcontributed to the data sources and methodologies, and identifiedchallenges and priorities, resulting in this integrated, comprehensivereference volume on the state of health in developing countries.

Author: Ira Christopher Colby
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 524

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Author: Farnsworth, Kevin
Publisher: Policy Press
ISBN: 1847428290
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 353

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Book Description
There is no precedent to the current economic crisis which looks set to redefine social policy debate throughout the globe. But its effects are not uniform across nations. Bringing together a range of expert contributions, the key lesson to emerge from this book is that 'the crisis' is better understood as a variety of crises, each mediated by national context. Consequently, there is an array of potential trajectories for welfare systems, from those where social policy is regarded as incompatible with the post-crisis economy to those where it is considered essential to future economic growth and security.

Author: Diana M. DiNitto
Publisher: Allyn & Bacon
ISBN:
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
Languages : en
Pages : 472

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Book Description
B> This is the leading book in social welfare policy in departments of social work, political science, administration and government. Originally written with Thomas Dye, subsequent editions by Diana DiNitto have been acknowledged as the most comprehensive orientation to social welfare available. DiNitto's approach is politically neutral; she describes the major welfare programs, including welfare, social security, disability, health insurance, and more. This new edition includes new and updated information on welfare (TANF), food stamps, managed care, disability, aging, the change from a budget deficit to a budget surplus, the latest figures on poverty, and the latest information on job training and employment. For anyone interested in public policy or social welfare.

Author: Christopher Howard
Publisher: Princeton University Press
ISBN: 1400822416
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 267

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Book Description
Despite costing hundreds of billions of dollars and subsidizing everything from homeownership and child care to health insurance, tax expenditures (commonly known as tax loopholes) have received little attention from those who study American government. This oversight has contributed to an incomplete and misleading portrait of U.S. social policy. Here Christopher Howard analyzes the "hidden" welfare state created by such programs as tax deductions for home mortgage interest and employer-provided retirement pensions, the Earned Income Tax Credit, and the Targeted Jobs Tax Credit. Basing his work on the histories of these four tax expenditures, Howard highlights the distinctive characteristics of all such policies. Tax expenditures are created more routinely and quietly than traditional social programs, for instance, and over time generate unusual coalitions of support. They expand and contract without deliberate changes to individual programs. Howard helps the reader to appreciate the historic links between the hidden welfare state and U.S. tax policy, which accentuate the importance of Congress and political parties. He also focuses on the reasons why individuals, businesses, and public officials support tax expenditures. The Hidden Welfare State will appeal to anyone interested in the origins, development, and structure of the American welfare state. Students of public finance will gain new insights into the politics of taxation. And as policymakers increasingly promote tax expenditures to address social problems, the book offers some sobering lessons about how such programs work.

Author: János Kornai
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521774888
Category : Business & Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 310

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Book Description
The essays in this volume, first published in 2001, examine fiscal policy-making and providing for social welfare in post-socialist countries.

Author: Willem H. Buiter
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Economics
Languages : en
Pages : 68

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Book Description
In a competitive two-country overlapping generations model with perfect capital mobility, a plan that is individually Pareto optimal (that is Pareto optimal with respect to individual preferences) can be sustained without coordination of national fiscal policies when the fiscal arsenal is restricted to lump-sum taxes and government borrowing. Cooperation is required to achieve a Pareto optimum with respect to the two utilitarian national social welfare functions. Cooperation and international side payments are required to achieve an optimum with respect to a utilitarian global social welfare function. Without international lump-sum transfers, when distortionary taxes on capital income are permitted, Pareto optima with respect to national social welfare functions and global social welfare optima will not be individual Pareto optima: efficiency is traded off for a more desirable intergenerational and international distribution of resources. With nationally provided international public goods, the achievement of individual Pareto efficiency requires coordination of public spending but not of financing.