Fire Behavior and Effects, Suppression, and Fuel Treatments on the Ham Lake and Cavity Lake Fires PDF Download
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Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Boundary Waters Canoe Area (Minn.) Languages : en Pages : 47
Book Description
"In 1999, the Superior National forest experience a severe blowdown event that resulted in extensive areas of high concentrations of fuels in the Boundary Water Canoe Wilderness [sic] and adjacent developed areas along the Gunflint Trail [a 57-mile paved roadway that begins in Grand Marais, MN and ends at Seagull Lake in the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness near the U.S. border with Ontario, Canada]. Extensive fuel treatments were conducted to reduce this fuel hazard. This report contains an evaluation of the use and effectiveness of these fuel treatments and the resultant fire behavior that occurred in both treated and untreated areas during the May 2006 Ham Lake Fire on the Superior National Forest, located in northern Minnesota. A synthesis of previous reports on the Cavity Lake Fire, which occurred during the summer of 2006, is used to compare with Ham Lake Fire behavior and effects"--Page 7.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Boundary Waters Canoe Area (Minn.) Languages : en Pages : 47
Book Description
"In 1999, the Superior National forest experience a severe blowdown event that resulted in extensive areas of high concentrations of fuels in the Boundary Water Canoe Wilderness [sic] and adjacent developed areas along the Gunflint Trail [a 57-mile paved roadway that begins in Grand Marais, MN and ends at Seagull Lake in the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness near the U.S. border with Ontario, Canada]. Extensive fuel treatments were conducted to reduce this fuel hazard. This report contains an evaluation of the use and effectiveness of these fuel treatments and the resultant fire behavior that occurred in both treated and untreated areas during the May 2006 Ham Lake Fire on the Superior National Forest, located in northern Minnesota. A synthesis of previous reports on the Cavity Lake Fire, which occurred during the summer of 2006, is used to compare with Ham Lake Fire behavior and effects"--Page 7.
Author: Russell T. Graham Publisher: ISBN: Category : Forest fires Languages : en Pages : 36
Book Description
Wildfires during the summer of 2007 burned over 500,000 acres within central Idaho. These fires burned around and through over 8,000 acres of fuel treatments designed to offer protection from wildfire to over 70 summer homes and other buildings located near Warm Lake. This area east of Cascade, Idaho, exemplifies the difficulty of designing and implementing fuel treatments in the many remote wildland urban interface settings that occur throughout the western United States. The Cascade Complex of wildfires burned for weeks, resisted control, were driven by strong dry winds, burned tinder dry forests, and only burned two rustic structures. This outcome was largely due to the existence of the fuel treatments and how they interacted with suppression activities. In addition to modifying wildfire intensity, the burn severity to vegetation and soils within the areas where the fuels were treated was generally less compared to neighboring areas where the fuels were not treated. This paper examines how the Monumental and North Fork Fires behaved and interacted with fuel treatments, suppression activities, topographical conditions, and the short- and long-term weather conditions.
Author: Untied States Untied States Department of Agriculture Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN: 9781505876864 Category : Languages : en Pages : 42
Book Description
During the summer of 2007, wildfires burned over 500,000 acres within central Idaho. Starting in 1996, fuel treatments were implemented to offer protection to over 70 summer homes and other structures located near Warm Lake, approximately 20 miles east of Cascade Idaho. The wildfires of 2007 burned through and around the treatment areas with a variety of intensities, resulting in a variety of burn severities. This paper examines how the Monumental and North Fork Fires behaved and interacted with fuel treatments, suppression activities, topographical conditions, and the short- and long-term weather conditions.
Author: Brett Davis Publisher: CreateSpace ISBN: 9781480172067 Category : Languages : en Pages : 44
Book Description
When wildfires are suppressed, opportunities are foregone to create fuel breaks, reduce fire regime departures, and decrease future extreme fire behavior by modifying fuels. To our knowledge, no one has yet attempted to systematically quantify these foregone opportunities. This general technical report describes a methodology to measure the cumulative impacts of suppression over time by modeling the spread of ignitions that were suppressed. We illustrate a set of analysis steps to simulate where ignitions would have spread had they not been suppressed and to assess the cumulative effects that would have resulted from those fires. The quantification of these effects will help land managers improve the prioritization and planning of fuels treatments and help inform decisions about the suppression of future ignitions. In its simplest application, the methodology compares two landscapes: the realized landscape vs. a hypothetical landscape. As used throughout this guidebook, a "landscape" refers mainly to the biophysical characteristics of the study area such as vegetation and fuel conditions and potential fire behavior. The realized landscape is the landscape that resulted due to the fire management strategies actually implemented; this is typically the current landscape. The hypothetical landscape is the landscape that would have resulted if different fire management strategies had been chosen (e.g., if one or more suppressed ignitions had been allowed to burn freely). While the examples in this guidebook compare only two landscapes, any number of landscapes could be compared. A case study examines what conditions might have resulted if lightning-ignited fires were not suppressed in the South Fork Merced watershed of Yosemite National Park. The retrospective modeling process requires modeling the spread of ignitions that were suppressed, updating the fuels data to reflect that modeled fire, and repeating this process to account for all the ignitions of interest throughout the simulation period; this results in the hypothetical landscape. Once the modeling cycles are complete, the final step involves assessing the impacts of fire suppression by comparing the hypothetical and realized landscapes using various metrics depending on need and purpose. For example, the hypothetical and realized landscapes might be compared in terms of potential fire behavior (i.e., flame length or crowning potential). This document is a guidebook in that it provides a moderate level of detail for implementing the methodology and uses a case study to illustrate some procedures. However, it does not provide step-by-step instructions. Furthermore, inputs and parameters used in the case study are for illustration and should not be applied uncritically to other situations. Occasionally, specific tips on how best to accomplish the required steps are offered, but this guidebook is not intended to be a tutorial for specific modeling software, nor is it a text on fire behavior, ecology, or management. To implement the methodology here, the user must have some basic skill sets. The most important skills include basic Geographic Information System (GIS) data manipulation and analysis, experience with fire growth modeling software such as FARSITE (Finney 1998), and familiarity with fire management terminology. Other useful skills include familiarity with other fire modeling software such as FlamMap (Finney 2006) and FireFamilyPlus (FFP; Bradshaw and McCormick 2000), and knowledge of fuels characterization, fire weather analysis, fire behavior, fire ecology, and fire management.
Author: Lucy Anne Salazar Publisher: ISBN: Category : Fires Languages : en Pages : 18
Book Description
Stylized fuel models, or numerical descriptions of fuel arrays, are used as inputs to fire behavior simulation models. These fuel models are often chosen on the basis of generalized fuel descriptions, which are related to field observations. Site-specific observations of fuels or fire behavior in the field are not readily available or necessary for most fire management planning situations. Fuels are thought of in general terms and a single fuel model is often assigned to represent large areas of land. Variations in weather, which can substantially affect fire behavior, are not reflected in the available aids for selecting fuel models. The sensitivity of simulated fire behavior variables to the 13 fire behavior fuel models and two-fuel-model alternatives was analyzed. The two-fuel-model concept demonstrated the effect of combining fuel models on simulated fire behavior results.
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Author: Stephen M. Barrager
Author: Russell T. Graham
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Author: Untied States Untied States Department of Agriculture
Author: Brett Davis
Author: Russell T. Graham
Author: Kathy Murphy
Author: Lucy Anne Salazar
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