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Author: Cees W. Passchier Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642760139 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 219
Book Description
Although there are numerous publications on the geology of high-grade gneiss terrains, few descriptions exist of how to map and carry out structural analysis in these terrains. Textbooks on structural geology concentrate on technIques appli cable to low-grade terrains. Geologists who have no experience of mapping high-grade gneisses are often at a loss as to how to apply techniques to high grade rocks that were developed for low to medium grade metamorphic terrains. Any study of deep crustal processes and their development through time should begin with examination of the primary data source - outcrops of high grade metamorphic terrains. We feel that the urge to apply advanced techniques of fabric analysis, petrology, geochemistry, isotope geochemistry and age deter mination to these rocks often results in brief sampling trips in which there is little, if any analysis of the structural and metamorphic history revealed by outcrop patterns. Many studies of the metamorphic petrology and geochemistry of high-grade gneiss terrains make ineffective use of available field data, often because the authors are unaware of structural complexities and of the ways to recognise and use them. This is unfortunate, because much data can be collected in the field at minimal cost that cannot easily, if at all, be obtained from material in the laboratory. The primary igneous or sedimentary nature of a rock, the relative age of intrusive veins, and the sequence of deformation that they under went, can usually best be determined by straightforward observation in the field.
Author: Cees W. Passchier Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642760139 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 219
Book Description
Although there are numerous publications on the geology of high-grade gneiss terrains, few descriptions exist of how to map and carry out structural analysis in these terrains. Textbooks on structural geology concentrate on technIques appli cable to low-grade terrains. Geologists who have no experience of mapping high-grade gneisses are often at a loss as to how to apply techniques to high grade rocks that were developed for low to medium grade metamorphic terrains. Any study of deep crustal processes and their development through time should begin with examination of the primary data source - outcrops of high grade metamorphic terrains. We feel that the urge to apply advanced techniques of fabric analysis, petrology, geochemistry, isotope geochemistry and age deter mination to these rocks often results in brief sampling trips in which there is little, if any analysis of the structural and metamorphic history revealed by outcrop patterns. Many studies of the metamorphic petrology and geochemistry of high-grade gneiss terrains make ineffective use of available field data, often because the authors are unaware of structural complexities and of the ways to recognise and use them. This is unfortunate, because much data can be collected in the field at minimal cost that cannot easily, if at all, be obtained from material in the laboratory. The primary igneous or sedimentary nature of a rock, the relative age of intrusive veins, and the sequence of deformation that they under went, can usually best be determined by straightforward observation in the field.
Author: Timothy M. Kusky Publisher: Geological Society of London ISBN: 9781862393035 Category : Continental crust Languages : en Pages : 428
Book Description
This volume honours the career of Brian F. Windley, who has been hugely influential in helping to achieve our current understanding of the evolution of the continental crust, and who has inspired many students and scientists to pursue studies on the evolution of the continents. Brian has studied processes of continental formation and evolution on most continents and of all ages, and has educated and inspired two generations of geologists to undertake careers in studies of continental evolution. The volume is organized into six sections, including: oceanic and island arc systems and continental growth; tectonics of accretionary orogens and continental growth; growth and stabilization of continental crust; collisions and intraplate processes; Precambrian tectonics and the birth of continents; and active tectonics and geomorphology of continental collision and growth zones.
Author: Edgar W. Spencer Publisher: Waveland Press ISBN: 147863653X Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 221
Book Description
Geologic maps supply a wealth of information about the surface and shallow subsurface of the earth. The types of materials that are present in a location and the three-dimensional structure of the bedrock both can be gleaned from a clearly prepared geologic map. Geologists, civil and environmental engineers, land-use planners, soil scientists, and geographers commonly use geologic maps as a source of information to facilitate problem solving and identify the qualities of a region. Maps reveal the position of many types of natural hazards, indicate the suitability of the land surface for various uses, reveal problems that may be encountered in excavation, provide clues to the natural processes that shape an area, and help locate important natural resources. Suitable for lab courses in structural geology as well as field geology work, Spencer describes representative examples of features found on geologic maps and outlines procedures for interpretation and projection. Geometric techniques are explained using a step-by-step approach. Coverage of mapping methods includes tools that provide necessary data, such as Google Earth, GPS, GIS, LiDAR maps, drones, and aerial photographs. Challenging and engaging exercises throughout the text involve students in the mapping process and stimulate an appreciation of the extent and precision of information presented in geologic maps. Regional geology is an important component of lab and field mapping projects. As such, the Third Edition includes new maps of the Gulf of Mexico Coastal Plain, Rocky Mountain Front Range, Yellowstone region, Moab, Utah, Shenandoah National Park, and Hawai’i. A new chapter devoted to tectonic maps also broadens students’ exposure. Ed Spencer brings over 45 years of teaching experience to the text along with valuable insight and clarity into the interpretation and preparation of geologic maps.
Author: Norman Fry Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 136
Book Description
Geological Society of London Handbook Series Edited by Keith Cox Founded in 1807, the Geological Society of London has been publishing since 1845 and now distributes its journal to Fellows throughout the world. This Handbook is published as part of a series of authoritative practical guides to field geology. The Field Description of Metamorphic Rocks This handbook describes how metamorphic rocks and rock masses may be observed, recorded and mapped in the field. Written at a level suitable for undergraduate students of geology, this book (as with its companion volumes in the series) has firmly established itself as an essential tool for any geologist -- student, professional or amateur -- faced with the task of making a general description of an area of metamorphic rocks. A clear, systematic framework together with numerous diagrams, illustrations and checklists enables readers to produce useful and broadly similar descriptions, despite possible differences of background or specialist interest. This well-written and well-produced little text will, I am certain, become standard reading for most geology undergraduates. It will also interest many geologists who do not regularly work in metamorphic terrains and will be particularly useful to engineering geologists and civil engineers who are often concerned with describing the fabrics of metamorphic rocks without being concerned about their origins. M.E. Jones, Mineralogical Magazine Contents: Metamorphic Fieldwork and Mapping -- Names and Categories of Metamorphic Rocks and Rock Units -- Rock Banding -- Minerals -- Compositions -- Grade -- Textures -- Fabric Types -- Relations to Structures -- Undeformed Pods -- Augen -- Pseudomorphs -- Veins -- Igneous Contacts -- Metasomatism -- Reaction Zones -- Fault-Zones and Mylonites -- Reference Tables and Checklists.
Author: C.W. Passchier Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3662087340 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 297
Book Description
Microtectonics is the interpretation of small-scale deformation structures in rocks. They are studied by optical microscope and contain abundant information on the history and type of deformation and metamorphism in a rock and are therefore used by most geologists to obtain data for large-scale geological interpretations. This advanced textbook contains a large number of photographs and explanatory drawings, special chapters on related techniques, a chapter on microgauges and a simple, non-mathematical treatment of continuum mechanics with practical examples. Special terms are explained in boxes. This textbook is suited for independent use during optical studies on microstructures as a reference manual and as a manual for short courses.
Author: Benedetto De Vivo Publisher: EOLSS Publications ISBN: 1848260075 Category : Languages : en Pages : 534
Book Description
Geology is the Component of Encyclopedia of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS)), which is an integrated compendium of twenty Encyclopedias. The theme on geology in the Encyclopedia of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, presents many aspects of geology under the following nine different topics: The Organized Earth.; Tectonics and Geodynamics; Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology; Sedimentary Geology and Paleontology; Overview of the Mineralogical Sciences; Geology of Metallic and Non-Metallic Mineral Resources; Regional Geology; Geology of Petroleum, Gas, and Coal; Environmental and Engineering Geology.
Author: M.J. Bickle Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 100014268X Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 311
Book Description
A study on the Bellingwe Greenstone Belt, presenting the stratigraphy of the belt, its structure and tectonic setting, the sedimentology of what may be a rift basin, the geochemistry of the freshest Archaean komatiites yet found, and models of the evolution of the region.
Author: Mihir Deb Publisher: Alpha Science Int'l Ltd. ISBN: 9781842650011 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 538
Book Description
The northwestern Indian Shield, covering a major part of Rajasthan and parts of northern Gujarat, northwestern Madhya Pradesh, Haryana and Delhi, is one of the most important repositories of a variety of mineral deposit types, particularly of base metals. Their metallogeny has been a topic of both academic and economic interest for more than five decades. This volume presents in a systematic manner the essential features of all economically significant types of metallic mineral deposits in this region and considers their mettallogeny in the perspective of crystal evolution of the northwestern Indian shield. Current concepts, problems and the probable trends of future research are highlighted. Leading geoscientists with first hand knowledge of this Precambrian terrene have contributed to this volume. The book will be of interest to exploration geologists, researchers and postgraduate students concerned with Precambrian geology and metallogeny.
Author: Cees W. Passchier
Author: Cees W. Passchier
Author: John Brady
Author: Timothy M. Kusky
Author: Edgar W. Spencer
Author: Norman Fry
Author: C.W. Passchier
Author: Benedetto De Vivo
Author: M.J. Bickle
Author: Richard P. Tollo
Author: Mihir Deb