Fetal Origins of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Risk Factors in Young Adults PDF Download

Author: Ruth Loos
Publisher:
ISBN: 9789080672116
Category : Diseases
Languages : en
Pages : 139

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Author: Dorairaj Prabhakaran
Publisher: World Bank Publications
ISBN: 1464805202
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 948

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Book Description
Cardiovascular, respiratory, and related conditions cause more than 40 percent of all deaths globally, and their substantial burden is rising, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Their burden extends well beyond health effects to include significant economic and societal consequences. Most of these conditions are related, share risk factors, and have common control measures at the clinical, population, and policy levels. Lives can be extended and improved when these diseases are prevented, detected, and managed. This volume summarizes current knowledge and presents evidence-based interventions that are effective, cost-effective, and scalable in LMICs.

Author: David J. Barker
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9780824703912
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 432

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Book Description
This watershed reference presents epidemiological, clinical, and experimental evidence that cardiovascular disease, Type 2 diabetes, and chronic lung disease originate through adaptations to the intrauterine environment. These new findings suggest that major chronic diseases in adult life may be prevented by improving the nutrition of girls and young women to promote healthy fetal development during pregnancy. Focusing on prenatal programming-the process whereby stimuli or insults at critical early periods of life have lasting effects-Fetal Origins of Cardiovascular and Lung Disease demonstrates the associations between low birthweight and cardiovascular disease and Type 2 diabetes in adults reveals the association between prenatal influences and hypertension and asthma in adult life describes pancreatic development in the fetus when the mother is malnourished or experiences metabolic disturbances during pregnancy examines the effects of undernutrition during gestation in experimental animal models discusses how the human fetus adapts to variations in maternoplacental nutrient supply details fetal influences on lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, the somatotrophic axis, andrenarche, and pubarche and more! Investigating when nurturing begins to influence and modulate gene expression, Fetal Origins of Cardiovascular and Lung Disease is critical for pulmonologists, cardiologists, pediatricians, neonatologists, obstetricians, internists, family practice physicians, and hospital interns and residents.

Author: Peter Gluckman
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521847438
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 542

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Book Description
This landmark publication provides the first definitive account of how and why subtle influences on the fetus and during early life can have such profound consequences for adult health and diseases. Although the epidemiological evidence for this link has long proved compelling, it is only much more recently that the scientific and physiological basis has begun to be studied in depth and fully understood. The compilation, written by many of the world's leading experts in this exciting field, summarizes these scientific and clinical advances.

Author: Neal Halfon
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3319471430
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 667

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Book Description
This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. ​This handbook synthesizes and analyzes the growing knowledge base on life course health development (LCHD) from the prenatal period through emerging adulthood, with implications for clinical practice and public health. It presents LCHD as an innovative field with a sound theoretical framework for understanding wellness and disease from a lifespan perspective, replacing previous medical, biopsychosocial, and early genomic models of health. Interdisciplinary chapters discuss major health concerns (diabetes, obesity), important less-studied conditions (hearing, kidney health), and large-scale issues (nutrition, adversity) from a lifespan viewpoint. In addition, chapters address methodological approaches and challenges by analyzing existing measures, studies, and surveys. The book concludes with the editors’ research agenda that proposes priorities for future LCHD research and its application to health care practice and health policy. Topics featured in the Handbook include: The prenatal period and its effect on child obesity and metabolic outcomes. Pregnancy complications and their effect on women’s cardiovascular health. A multi-level approach for obesity prevention in children. Application of the LCHD framework to autism spectrum disorder. Socioeconomic disadvantage and its influence on health development across the lifespan. The importance of nutrition to optimal health development across the lifespan. The Handbook of Life Course Health Development is a must-have resource for researchers, clinicians/professionals, and graduate students in developmental psychology/science; maternal and child health; social work; health economics; educational policy and politics; and medical law as well as many interrelated subdisciplines in psychology, medicine, public health, mental health, education, social welfare, economics, sociology, and law.

Author: Gerald S. Berenson
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400714513
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 215

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Book Description
That precursors of adult coronary artery disease, hypertension, and type II diabetes begin in childhood have been clearly established by the Bogalusa Heart Study. This unique research program has been able to follow a biracial (black/white) population over 35 years from childhood through mid-adulthood to provide perspectives on the natural history of adult heart diseases. Not only do these observations describe trajectories of cardio-metabolic risk variables leading to these diseases but provide a rationale for the need to begin prevention beginning in childhood. The trajectories of the burden of cardio-metabolic risk variables in the context of their fetal origin and chromosome telomere dynamics provide some insight into the metabolic imprinting in utero and aging process. The observed racial contrasts on cardio-metabolic risk variables implicate various biologic pathways interacting with environment contributing to the high morbidity and mortality from related diseases in our population. To address the seriousness of the onset of cardiovascular disease in youth, approaches to primordial prevention are described focussing on childhood health education as an important aspect of Preventive Cardiology.

Author: E. Marelyn Wintour-Coghlan
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 0387326324
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 246

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Book Description
Early Life Origins of Health and Disease is a new book which presents and discusses the many factors that may have impact on normal development. In a concise and readable manner, the authors consider both the proven and suggestive evidence that the high prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, obesity and, in some populations, kidney disease, may not be all due to genetics or adult environment alone. There is good evidence that stress and more subtle dietary deficiencies, as well as placental malfunction, may increase the risk that the offspring will develop these problems in later life. Finally, new and emerging evidence for other areas of human health and disease such a motor control and mental health is critically reviewed for the first time. The book is a ‘must’ for all scientists interested in researching these areas, as there is a critical evaluation of the methodology used and suggestions for the ‘optimal’ way in which to investigate these phenomena.

Author: Berthold Koletzko
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 1402091737
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 192

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Book Description
Obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally and presents a major challenge to policy makers and clinicians alike. Recent research has suggested that obesity has its origins in early life and that early diet can programme a developing fetus’ and young infant’s future susceptibility to obesity. This volume contains recent findings presented at the International Conference on Early Nutrition Programming and Health Outcomes in Later Life: Obesity and Beyond - a satellite meeting of the 15th European Congress on Obesity, held in Budapest in April 2007. Basic scientific research, data from epidemiological studies and clinical trial results were all presented during the programme. This volume includes articles discussing the evidence for an effect of early nutrition programming on later obesity and cardiovascular risk; the growing evidence for an intergenerational cycle of obesity; the role of maternal leptin in programming appetite; possible cellular mechanisms for altered energy balance, including mitochondrial programming and the effects of regulators of metabolism; and how epigenetic changes might be the fundamental underlying mechanism explaining programming effects. Consumer understanding of the concept of early nutrition programming and the extent to which early nutrition programming is taken into account in infant feeding policies are also discussed.

Author: Berthold Koletzko
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9781402035340
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 266

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Book Description
Health problems such as hypertension, tendency to diabetes, obesity, blood lipids, vascular disease, bone health, behaviour and learning and longevity may be ‘imprinted’ during early life. This process is defined as ‘programming’ whereby a nutritional stimulus operating at a critical, sensitive period of pre and postnatal life imprints permanent effects on the structure, physiology and metabolism. For this reason, academics and industry set-up the EC supported Scientific Workshop -Early Nutrition and its Later Consequences: New Opportunities. The prime objective of the Workshop was to generate a sound exchange of the latest scientific developments within the field of early nutrition to look for opportunities for new preventive health concepts. Further, a closer look was taken at the development of food applications which could provide (future) mothers and infants with improved nutrition that will ultimately lead to better future health. The Workshop was organised by the Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Munich, Germany in collaboration with the Danone Institutes and the Infant Nutrition Cluster, a collaboration of three large research projects funded by the EU.

Author: Empar Lurbe
Publisher: Springer
ISBN: 3030181677
Category : Medical
Languages : en
Pages : 277

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Book Description
This book is devoted to hypertension in children and adolescents, a clinical issue that – thanks to the strides made in several areas of pathophysiological and clinical research – has received growing interest in cardiovascular medicine over the last several years. Given the increasing prevalence of hypertension in children and adolescents, this book represents an important and useful tool to address what has become a significant public health issue. It covers a diverse range of topics, from advances in the definition of hypertension and the identification of new risk factors, to current treatment strategies. The book also presents an overview of the latest findings, including the clinical significance of isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) in youth, the importance of out-of-office and central blood pressure measurement, new methods for assessing vascular phenotypes, and clustering of CV risk factors. Gathering contributions by international experts and pursuing a practice-oriented approach, the book offers a valuable tool for cardiologists, pediatricians and nephrologists, as well as general practitioners.