Female Candidates and Their Images PDF Download

Author: Neal Takiff
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Advertising, Political
Languages : en
Pages : 404

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Author: Anna Holliday Benson
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 180

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Author: Kathy Dolan
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 042998281X
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 153

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This book explains how voters evaluate women candidates, who votes for them, and why. Women comprise an ever-increasing percentage of the candidate pool for elective office in the United States. Public opinion surveys profess strong support for female candidaes, yet many of these same candidates still encounter skepticism (at best) or hostility (at worst) from the public. The role of candidates gender in elections is a complex one. Yet, our understanding of how voters react to these women is often based on election-specific, anecdotal, or hypothetical evidence. Voting for Women is one of the first book-length treatments of both how the public evaluates female candidates and whether and when people will support them at the polls. It also provides a history of women and elections in the U.S. and analysis of contemporary data on how voting environments can influence women's success.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 58

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This research seeks to reveal ways in which political candidate image is influenced by gender; the gender both of candidates and voters. It also explores the joint role of party affiliation and gender in determining candidate image. Improved understanding of the function of gender in determining candidate image may be useful in closing the male-dominated gender gap that characterizes American political arenas currently. Yet, few studies have directly examined the relationship between candidate image and gender in the context of electoral politics. And most studies that have assessed these relationships have been limited by the use of actual candidates rather than supposed candidates. It is likely the results of such research were influenced, to some degree, by fixed notions about the actual candidates. In this study, candidate image was measured along six well-established dimensions using 29 seven-point semantic differential items. The political affiliation and gender of subjects were collected also. Five-hundred-forty actual voters leaving randomly-selected polling sites in the City of San Diego during the 2000 presidential election participated in the study. Voters were asked to examine one of two political mailers; reflecting either a male or female candidate. Factor analysis was conducted on the semantic differential items followed by reliability tests on each set of variables grouped together by factor analysis. Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient was used to eliminate items that negatively influenced the reliability of the factor scales. The resulting factors were interpreted based on underlying construct differentiating the grouped factors. Factors were averaged and a single composition score assigned for each subject in each set of factors. Once completed, analysis of variance was used to test the hypothesis according to a 95 percent decision rule. The results disconfirmed all three hypotheses: (1) Voters were expected to rate the image of the female candidate lower than their male counterpart; (2) Female voters were expected to rate the female candidate higher than male voters; and (3) Self-identified Republican voters were expected to rate female candidates lower than Democrat voters. According to the findings, gender and political affiliation did not have significant influence on voter perceptions. These results supported an existing rival theory; women are discouraged and/or restricted from becoming political candidate and therefore, rarely make it on the ballot.

Author: Dianne G. Bystrom
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135939411
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 254

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Book Description
A poll as recently as 2000 revealed that a third of the population thinks there are general characteristics about women that make them less qualified to serve as president. As the public and the media rely on long-held stereotypes, female candidates must focus even harder on the way they want to define their own image through traditional mass media, such as television, and new forms, such as the internet. Gender and Candidate Communication digs deep into the campaigns of the last decade sifting through thousands of ads, websites, and newspaper articles to find out how successful candidates have been in breaking down these gender stereotypes. Among their findings are that female candidates dress more formally, smile more, act tougher when they can, and prefer scare tactics to aggressive attack ads. Gender and Candidate Communication also presents the most comprehensive, systematic method yet for identifying and understanding self-presentation strategies on the web. The internet may be the medium of the future, but Bystrom has found that coverage on the web tends to draw even more heavily on old stereotypes. No close observer of campaigns, gender, or the internet will be able to ignore their findings.

Author: Susan J. Carroll
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 1107729246
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 317

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Book Description
The third edition of Gender and Elections offers a systematic, lively, and multifaceted account of the role of gender in the electoral process through the 2012 elections. This timely yet enduring volume strikes a balance between highlighting the most important developments for women as voters and candidates in the 2012 elections and providing a more long-term, in-depth analysis of the ways that gender has helped shape the contours and outcomes of electoral politics in the United States. Individual chapters demonstrate the importance of gender in understanding and interpreting presidential elections, presidential and vice-presidential candidacies, voter participation and turnout, voting choices, congressional elections, the political involvement of Latinas, the participation of African American women, the support of political parties and women's organizations, candidate communications with voters, and state elections. Without question, Gender and Elections is the most comprehensive, reliable, and trustworthy resource on the role of gender in US electoral politics.

Author: Dianne G. Bystrom
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN: 1610699742
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 839

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This book examines how women candidates, voters, and office holders shape U.S. political processes and institutions, lending their perspectives to gradually evolve American life and values. This book provides an encyclopedic sourcebook on the evolution of women's involvement in American politics from the colonial era to the present, covering all of the individuals, organizations, cultural forces, political issues, and legal decisions that have collectively served to elevate the role of women at the ballot box, on the campaign trail, in Washington, and in state- and city-level political offices across the country. The in-depth essays document and examine the rising prominence of women as voters, candidates, public officials, and lawmakers, enabling readers to understand how U.S. political processes and institutions have been—and will continue to be—shaped by women and their perspectives on American life and values. The entries cover a range of women politicians and officials; female activists and media figures; relevant organizations and interest groups, such as Emily's List, League of Women Voters, and National Right to Life; key laws, court cases, and events, such as the Nineteenth Amendment, the Equal Rights Amendment, the Seneca Falls Convention, the passage of Title IX, and Roe v. Wade; and other topics, like media coverage of appearance, women's roles as campaign strategists/fundraisers, gender differences in policy priorities, and the gender gap in political ambitions. The text is supplemented by sidebars that highlight selected landmarks in women's political history in the United States, such as the 2012 election of Tammy Baldwin, the first openly gay U.S. senator.

Author: Jennifer L. Lawless
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
ISBN: 9780521857451
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 224

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It Takes a Candidate serves as the first systematic, nationwide empirical account of the manner in which gender affects political ambition. Based on data from the Citizen Political Ambition Study, a national survey conducted on almost 3,800 'potential candidates', we find that women, even in the highest tiers of professional accomplishment, are substantially less likely than men to demonstrate ambition to seek elected office. Women are less likely than men to be recruited to run for office. They are less likely than men to think they are 'qualified' to run for office. And they are less likely than men to express a willingness to run for office in the future. This gender gap in political ambition persists across generations. Despite cultural evolution and society's changing attitudes toward women in politics, running for public office remains a much less attractive and feasible endeavor for women than men.

Author: Linda Van Ingen
Publisher: Lexington Books
ISBN: 1498537618
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 275

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This book explores women’s campaign strategies when they ran for state and national office in California from their first opportunity after state suffrage in 1911 to the advent of modern feminism in 1970. Although only 18 won, nearly 500 women ran on the primary ballots, changing the political landscape for both men and women while struggling against a collective forgetfulness about their work. Mostly white and middle-class until the 1960s, the women discussed in this book are notable for their campaign innovations which became increasingly complex, even if not consciously connected to a usable past. They re-gendered politics as political “firsts,” pursued high hopes for organizational support from their women’s clubs, accommodated to opportunities created through incumbency and issue politics, and explored both separatist and integrationists politics with their parties. In bringing these campaigns to light, this study explores the history of California women legislators and the ways in which women on the ballots sought to transcend gendered barriers, supporting women’s equality while also recognizing the political value of connections to men in power. Organized in a loose chronology with the state’s governors, this study shows the persistent nature of women’s candidacies despite a recurring historical amnesia that complicated their progress. Remembering this history deepens our understanding of women running for office today and solidifies their credibility in a long history of women politicians.

Author: Caitlin Moscatello
Publisher: Penguin
ISBN: 1524742929
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 338

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*A NEW YORK TIMES BOOK REVIEW Editor's Choice Pick* From an award-winning journalist covering gender and politics comes an inside look at the female candidates fighting back and winning elections in the crucial 2018 midterms. After November 8, 2016, first came the sadness; then came the rage, the activism, and the protests; and, finally, for thousands of women, the next step was to run for office—many of them for the first time. More women campaigned for local or national office in the 2018 election cycle than at any other time in US history, challenging accepted notions about who seeks power and who gets it. Journalist Caitlin Moscatello reported on this wave of female candidates for New York magazine’s The Cut, Glamour, and Elle. And in See Jane Win, she further documents this pivotal time in women’s history. Closely following four candidates throughout the entire process, from the decision to run through Election Day, See Jane Win takes readers inside their exciting, winning campaigns and the sometimes thrilling, sometimes brutal realities of running for office while female. MEET THE CANDIDATES: Abigail Spanberger, a mom of three young girls and a former CIA operative, running for Congress in Virginia to unseat Freedom Caucus member Dave Brat. Catalina Cruz, a Colombian-born attorney whose state assembly bid could make her the first Dreamer elected in New York and only the third in the country. Anna Eskamani, an Iranian-American woman running for state office in Florida, with a campaign motivated by her mother’s health-care struggles and the Pulse Nightclub shootings. London Lamar, a Memphis native looking to become the youngest female representative in the Tennessee state house, running in one of the only Democratic and Black-majority areas of a largely conservative state. Beyond the 2018 victories, Moscatello speaks with researchers, strategists, and the leaders of organizations that helped women win. What she discovers is that the candidates who triumphed in 2018 emphasized authenticity and passion instead of conforming to the stereotype of what a candidate should look or sound like, a formula that will be more relevant than ever as we approach the 2020 presidential election.