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Double-booked: Effects of overlap between school and farming calendars on education and child labor

Double-booked: Effects of overlap between school and farming calendars on education and child labor PDF Author: Allen IV, James
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 76

Book Description
Across sub-Saharan Africa, countries with a greater percentage of overlapping days in their school and farming calendars also have lower primary school survival rates. In theory, greater overlap between the school and farming calendars should indeed reduce schooling investments, and farm-based child labor too, as it constrains the time allocation opportunity set for both productive activities. I causally identify such effects by leveraging a four-month shift to the school calendar in Malawi that exogenously changed the number of days that the school calendar overlapped with specific crop calendars, which differentially affected communities based on their pre-policy crop allotments. Using panel data for school-aged children, I find that a 10-day increase in school calendar overlap during peak farming periods significantly decreases school advancement by 0.34 grades (one lost grade for every three children) and the share of children engaged in peak-period household farming by 11 percentage points after four years. Secondary analyses reveal stronger negative schooling impacts for girls and poorer households driven by overlap with the labor-intensive planting period. A policy simulation illustrates that adapting the school calendar to minimize overlap with peak farming periods is a highly cost-effective educational intervention to increase school participation by better accommodating farm labor demand.

Farmers' Almanac 2008

Farmers' Almanac 2008 PDF Author: Peter Geiger
Publisher: Geiger
ISBN: 9781928720096
Category : Almanacs, American
Languages : en
Pages : 0

Book Description
The Farmers Almanac is an annual publication published every year since 1818. It is the only publication of its kind which generations of American families have come to trust. Its longevity speaks volumes about its content which informs, delights, and educates. Best known for its long-range weather predictions, the Farmers Almanac provides valuable information on gardening, cooking, fishing, and more.

The Backyard Homestead Seasonal Planner

The Backyard Homestead Seasonal Planner PDF Author: Ann Larkin Hansen
Publisher: Storey Publishing, LLC
ISBN: 1612126987
Category : House & Home
Languages : en
Pages : 209

Book Description
This hardworking addition to the best-selling Backyard Homestead series offers expert advice on what tasks to do around your farm and when to do them — no matter where on the planet you call home. Author Ann Larkin Hansen sets the priorities for each area of the farm, including the barn, garden, orchard, field, pasture, and woodlot. For every critical turn of the year (12 in all), Hansen provides an at-a-glance to-do list along with tips and a more in-depth discussion of key topics for the season. Easy-reference charts, checklists, and record-keeping sections help you keep track of it all. Also available in this series: The Backyard Homestead, The Backyard Homestead Book of Building Projects, The Backyard Homestead Guide to Raising Farm Animals, and The Backyard Homestead Book of Kitchen Know-How.

Farming While Black

Farming While Black PDF Author: Leah Penniman
Publisher: Chelsea Green Publishing
ISBN: 1603587616
Category : History
Languages : en
Pages : 369

Book Description
Farming While Black is the first comprehensive "how to" guide for aspiring African-heritage growers to reclaim their dignity as agriculturists and for all farmers to understand the distinct, technical contributions of African-heritage people to sustainable agriculture. At Soul Fire Farm, author Leah Penniman co-created the Black and Latino Farmers Immersion (BLFI) program as a container for new farmers to share growing skills in a culturally relevant and supportive environment led by people of color. Farming While Black organizes and expands upon the curriculum of the BLFI to provide readers with a concise guide to all aspects of small-scale farming, from business planning to preserving the harvest. Throughout the chapters Penniman uplifts the wisdom of the African diasporic farmers and activists whose work informs the techniques described--from whole farm planning, soil fertility, seed selection, and agroecology, to using whole foods in culturally appropriate recipes, sharing stories of ancestors, and tools for healing from the trauma associated with slavery and economic exploitation on the land. Woven throughout the book is the story of Soul Fire Farm, a national leader in the food justice movement.--AMAZON.

From Farms to Incubators

From Farms to Incubators PDF Author: Amy Wu
Publisher: Craven Street Books
ISBN: 9781610355759
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 180

Book Description
An exciting look at how women entrepreneurs are transforming agriculture through high technology. 21st-century agriculture is now on the cutting edge of technological innovation. Drones, AI, sophisticated soil sensors, data analytics, blockchain, and robotics are transforming agriculture into the growing field of agtech. And women entrepreneurs are the driving spirits making this transformation happen. From Farms to Incubators presents inspiring stories of how women entrepreneurs from diverse cultural and ethnic backgrounds are leading the agtech revolution. Each agribusiness leader profiled in From Farms to Incubators tells her own story of how she used agtech innovation to solve specific business problems and succeed. These business cases demonstrate the influence of female innovation, the new technologies applied to agribusiness problems, and the career opportunities young women can find in agribusiness. From Farms to Incubators also documents the sweeping changes happening in American food production. Growers in the United States and around the world face rising challenges, including climate change, limited water and land supply, uncertainties in immigration policy, a severe labor shortage, and the problem of feeding a rising population estimated at 9 billion in 2050. The entrepreneurs profiled in From Farms to Incubators are the new leaders in tackling these problems through tech innovation. The women profiled speak frankly on the advantages and drawbacks of technological solutions to agriculture and offers lessons in making technology productive in real work. Offering both exhilarating role models for young women seeking high technology careers and a provocative glimpse into the future of food production, From Farms to Incubators documents how women leaders are profitably disrupting the world's oldest industry.

Farmers' Almanac 2021

Farmers' Almanac 2021 PDF Author: Peter Geiger
Publisher:
ISBN: 9781928720386
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

Book Description
Published every year since 1818, this wise resource provides 4 seasons of 80-85% accurate weather forecasts and the tools to help you to do your best fishing, gardening, and live a more natural, healthy lifestyle. The best part is, it's stress-free reading with a twist of "Ameri-quirk" that will keep you entertained throughout the year.

Double-booked: Effects of overlap between school and farming calendars on education and child labor

Double-booked: Effects of overlap between school and farming calendars on education and child labor PDF Author: Allen IV, James
Publisher: Intl Food Policy Res Inst
ISBN:
Category : Political Science
Languages : en
Pages : 76

Book Description
Across sub-Saharan Africa, countries with a greater percentage of overlapping days in their school and farming calendars also have lower primary school survival rates. In theory, greater overlap between the school and farming calendars should indeed reduce schooling investments, and farm-based child labor too, as it constrains the time allocation opportunity set for both productive activities. I causally identify such effects by leveraging a four-month shift to the school calendar in Malawi that exogenously changed the number of days that the school calendar overlapped with specific crop calendars, which differentially affected communities based on their pre-policy crop allotments. Using panel data for school-aged children, I find that a 10-day increase in school calendar overlap during peak farming periods significantly decreases school advancement by 0.34 grades (one lost grade for every three children) and the share of children engaged in peak-period household farming by 11 percentage points after four years. Secondary analyses reveal stronger negative schooling impacts for girls and poorer households driven by overlap with the labor-intensive planting period. A policy simulation illustrates that adapting the school calendar to minimize overlap with peak farming periods is a highly cost-effective educational intervention to increase school participation by better accommodating farm labor demand.

Calendar of State Papers

Calendar of State Papers PDF Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 618

Book Description


Agricultural Calendar for 1895- a Reference Book for Farmers

Agricultural Calendar for 1895- a Reference Book for Farmers PDF Author: Fritz Wilhelm Woll
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Agriculture
Languages : en
Pages : 330

Book Description


Calendar

Calendar PDF Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 240

Book Description


Monthly Catalog, United States Public Documents

Monthly Catalog, United States Public Documents PDF Author: United States. Superintendent of Documents
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Government publications
Languages : en
Pages : 1182

Book Description
February issue includes Appendix entitled Directory of United States Government periodicals and subscription publications; September issue includes List of depository libraries; June and December issues include semiannual index