Author: Amy Jo HarzkePublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 68
Book Description
Factors Associated with Self-reported Antiretroviral Adherence in a Sample of African-American Substance Users with HIV Infection
Author: Amy Jo HarzkeMedication Adherence in HIV/AIDS
Author: Jeffrey LaurencePublisher: Mary Ann Liebert
ISBN:
Category : AIDS (Disease)
Languages : en
Pages : 424
Book Description
Factors Associated with Antiretroviral Therapy Nonadherence in Older Adults with HIV
Author: Katryna Floyd McCoyPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 113
Book Description
The advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has contributed to a significant decrease in the number of deaths resulting from HIV/AIDS infections. Despite the decline in mortality rates for the total population of those infected with HIV, adults aged 50 years and older who are HIV+ have continued to have higher mortality when compared to younger HIV+ persons. This disparity exists in part because of inadequate adherence. However, the reasons for this disparity have not been fully evaluated, particularly among older women. The purpose of this study was to describe the factors associated with antiretroviral therapy nonadherence and treatment adherence self-efficacy in HIV+ adults aged 50 years and older. The specific aims are to: (1) Describe the demographic, HIV disease-specific and psychosocial factors associated with adherence outcomes in African American women aged 50 years and older who are infected with HIV and are nonadherent to ART regimens. (2) Describe gender or racialized differences in factors associated with adherence outcomes in older HIV+ African American women compared to other older adults who are HIV+. This descriptive study involved a secondary analysis of baseline data collected from the 426 African American (n = 87 women and 168 men) and White American (n = 30 women and 141 men) participants in the "PRIME" study (Dr. Sheryl Catz, PI), a telephone-based antiretroviral therapy adherence and quality of life intervention in older Americans living with HIV. Predictor variables for this analysis included demographic factors, HIV disease-related factors, and psychosocial factors. Dependent variables included primarily, self-reported 7 day ART nonadherence and secondarily, treatment adherence self-efficacy. Cross-sectional data analysis involved descriptive statistics, comparisons and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) using SPSS. Although African American women had the highest levels of ART nonadherence, their levels of nonadherence were not statistically different than the other ethnic/gender groups. The level of ART nonadherence was strongly correlated with social functioning, perceived stress and depression severity in the men. Treatment self-efficacy was strongly correlated with social functioning, depression and patient-provider interactions across each of the groups. Neither ethnic nor gender differences contributed to the differences in ART nonadherence or treatment self-efficacy across the groups.
HIV Treatment Adherence
Author: Lana Sue Ka'opnaPublisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1136458557
Category : Health & Fitness
Languages : en
Pages : 202
Book Description
Learn the latest social service interventions to promote HIV medication adherence Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) can significantly improve the health outcomes of people living with HIV. Still, benefits rely on the steady adherence to the medication regimen as prescribed. Social Work and HIV: Challenges to Treatment Adherence is a practice-friendly resource with the latest HIV medication client adherence strategies and guidelines. This valuable book provides the tools for assessment of client adherence, and includes approaches and helpful guidelines to develop specialized counseling, social services, and provider training programs. Treatment plans for HIV can be complicated and client adherence can hinge on several diverse factors. Social Work and HIV: Challenges to Treatment Adherence explains in detail how professionals can help individuals with HIV to stick to the prescribed medication plan. This book focuses on the daunting psychosocial, spiritual, and biomedical challenges that social workers, social service professionals, and healthcare providers often encounter and provides strategies to effectively address these issues. Innovations in adherence counseling and provider training programs are explored. Practitioners will learn psychosocial interventions that are empirically based, with predictors of adherence closely examined on how they may vary by gender, socioeconomic, and ethnocultural diversity. Co-occurring health and behavioral conditions, such as substance use, are considered in detail. Chapters are extensively referenced and several have tables and figures to clearly present data. Topics in Social Work and HIV: Challenges to Treatment Adherence include: key themes within current treatment adherence research from the 2006 NIMH/IAPAC International Conference on HIV Treatment Adherence reviews of studies of psychosocial predictors of HAART among HIV positive clients research on the impact of support from partners, family, and health care providers has on medication adherence factors that predict medication adherence among HIV positive adults research on the differential effects of social and religious support and background variables on treatment adherence interventions to improve HAART adherence in methadone clinics specialized adherence counselors and their impact on adherence training to increase counselor knowledge of HIV medications, adherence strategies, and improved counseling skills studies on the prevalence of continued drug use and everyday adherence decision making Social Work and HIV: Challenges to Treatment Adherence is a valuable resource for social workers; substance abuse counselors; social service and other health care providers; researchers; educators; and policy advocates. The book is also a relevant supplemental text for graduate courses in counseling; multi-systems interventions; community health; social development practice; research methods; and program evaluation as offered through departments of social work, public health, nursing, health psychology, community medicine, and interdisciplinary health professional training programs.
HIV Antiretroviral Treatment Adherence and Its Impact on HIV Disease Indicators in the US Military HIV Natural History Cohort Study
Author: Alan SimPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 236
Book Description
Background: Treatment or medication adherence is an important factor in improving HIV disease indicators among HIV-infected patients. Among members of the US Military HIV Natural History Cohort Study (NHS), we compared self-report and pharmacy-based refill adherence measures and evaluated their association to HIV disease indicators (HIV RNA viral load and CD4 counts). Methods: Self-report adherence data was retrieved for 1572 individuals from the NHS cohort during 2006-2010 while pharmacy-based refill data was collected from 2005-2009 for 1458 NHS study participants to create pharmacy-based refill adherence measures (proportion of days covered). Adherence measures and repeated measures of HIV RNA viral load and CD4 counts were analyzed using a mixed effect model to evaluate whether antiretroviral adherence impacted disease progression in this cohort. Race/ethnicity and depressive symptoms (CESD 16, CES =16) were included in the final model to assess their respective mediating effects on antiretroviral adherence and HIV disease indicators. Self-report and pharmacy-based refill adherence measures were compared using Cohen's Kappa. Chi Square test was administered to detect differences in responses between African Americans (AA) and European Americans (EA) for reasons for missed doses (barriers to treatment adherence). Results: Level of agreement in identifying optimal adherers (>=90%) was low between self-report and pharmacy-based refill measures (Cohen's Kappa: 0.05). Using self-report adherence in the mixed effects models resulted in a decrease of 0.14 log viral load and an increase of 8.8 cells/mm3 CD4 count for every 10% increase in adherence. Pharmacy-based refill adherence was not associated with HIV RNA viral load. Race/ethnicity was an independent predictor for viral load with AA having an increase of 0.09 log viral load compared to EA keeping other covariates constant. Depressive symptoms were not significantly associated with HIV RNA viral load after adjustment. Chi square tests were significant in detecting race differences (between AA and EA) for the majority of reasons for missed doses (barriers to adherence). Conclusions: Self-reported adherence was significantly associated with HIV RNA viral load and CD4 counts. The mediating effect of race (AA) was significant in evaluating the association between treatment adherence and HIV RNA viral load. AA reported more barriers to treatment adherence in comparison to EA in this cohort.
Physician-patient Relationships and Self-reported Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Among HIV-positive Latinos Along the U.S.-Mexico Border
Author: R. SantiagoPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 22
Book Description
Research is lacking on the association between patient-physician relationships and antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence among HIV-positive U.S. Latinos, who are disproportionately infected with HIV/AIDS and face barriers to HIV care and treatment. The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between patient-physician dialogue surrounding adherence and ART adherence, to inform potential areas of intervention to improve patient-provider communication surrounding adherence. This project is a part of a parent study entitled: "Barriers to Care and Treatment Practices in HIV-positive Latinos in the US-Mexico Border Region" whose aims are to assess binational health care seeking behavior, barriers to HIV care and HIV treatment utilization among HIV-positive Latinos along the US-Mexico border. Participants in San Diego, U.S. and Tijuana, Mexico answered a survey administered by trained interviewers, those who responded to questions from physician-patient relationship quality scale measures "Overall communication" and "Adherence dialogue" with their physician (Schneider et al., 2004) (n=199) were included in this study. We used logistic regression to identify factors independently associated with high satisfaction with both overall communication and adherence dialogue. Participants were 41 years old (SD=10), 77% male, single (67%), and with less than a high school education (61%). Being male, high school educated or having made 1 or more round trip border crossings in the last 6 months were associated with increased odds of high satisfaction with overall patient-provider communication and patient-provider ART adherence dialogue (p
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
Author: Measuring Health Equity in Small Areas: Findings from Demographic Surveillance Systems
Author: INDEPTH NetworkPublisher: Taylor & Francis
ISBN: 1351125451
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 222
Book Description
Over the past decade, several initiatives have been launched to address the major health problems affecting the world's poorest countries, including global efforts to combat HIV/AIDS, TB and malaria. More recently, a millennial challenge has been laid down to root out and confront the links between poverty and health. Using demographic surveillance systems, the INDEPTH researchers aim to contribute both to the empirical knowledge about health equity in developing countries and to report on the application of and innovation in tools and methods. Illustrated with case studies from Africa and Asia, this book puts forward a comprehensive view of the INDEPTH methodologies and findings. It develops and measures concepts and constructs of 'poverty' and 'equity' and relates these to health status. While tools and concepts for measuring health status are more developed, this volume contributes by grappling with new concepts and tools to measure changes in deprivation and disadvantage, adding to this intense theoretical and methodological debate.
Longitudinal Associations of Substance Use Severity and Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Among People with HIV
Author: Jimmy MaPublisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0
Book Description
Substance use is associated with lower antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and subsequent negative effects on HIV suppression. We examined longitudinal associations of substance use severity and number of substances used with ART adherence in the current ART era. We evaluated all adult people with HIV (PWH) in the Centers for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Sites cohort with ≥2 self-reported ART adherence measurements in 2010-2021. Participants completed longitudinal assessments for substance use severity (modified AUDIT-C [alcohol]; modified ASSIST [marijuana, illicit drugs including methamphetamine, cocaine/crack, illicit opioids]) and ART adherence (visual analog scale). Adjusted linear mixed models were used to examine longitudinal associations of ART adherence with time-varying substance use severity and number of substances used. Among 10557 PWH in care, alcohol (68%) and marijuana (33%) were the most reported substances; methamphetamine (9%) was the most reported illicit drug; and polysubstance use was common (32% ≥2 substances). More severe substance use across all substances and higher self-reported number of substances used were associated with lower ART adherence. Methamphetamine use was associated with the greatest declines in adherence ranging from 3.05% with low severity use (95% confidence interval [CI] -4.23, -1.87) to 10.77% with high severity use (95% CI -12.76, -8.78). Severe substance use among PWH, especially methamphetamine, was associated with meaningful declines in adherence in the modern era of ART. Our findings warrant expansion of multidisciplinary, integrated care models and further research into new therapies, especially for methamphetamine, to improve ART adherence and downstream HIV outcomes.
Author: