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Author: Suzanne M. Keep Publisher: ISBN: Category : Exercise Languages : en Pages : 179
Book Description
The purpose of this research was to examine the relationships among societal norms, exercise self-efficacy and activity related affect on commitment to a plan of physical activity in a sample of low-income Hispanic women and their daughters. Theoretical propositions derived from the Health Promotion Model (Pender, 2011) were tested. The first hypothesis, which stated there would be a significant relationship between societal norms and commitment, was partially supported. The second hypothesis, which stated there would be a significant relationship between exercise self-efficacy and commitment, was partially supported. The third hypothesis, which stated there would be a significant relationship between related affect and commitment to a plan of physical activity, was partially supported. The fourth hypothesis, which stated there would be significant relationship between commitment to a plan of physical activity and participation in physical activity, was partially supported. The fifth hypothesis, which stated there would be a significant relationship between societal norms, self-efficacy, activity related affect and commitment to a plan of physical activity of mothers will be significant predictors of physical activity levels of the daughters, was partially supported. The sixth hypothesis, which stated there would be a significant differences in societal norms, exercise self-efficacy, activity related affect and commitment to exercise between Hispanic women and their daughters was partially supported. Evidence in support of these hypotheses was found among daughters, in relation societal norms and exercise self efficacy, but not mothers. Data was collected at area Hispanic churches. (N= 79) Hispanic mothers and (N= 79) Hispanic daughters. A correlational designed was used. Kendall's tau_b was used to assess differences between means of mothers and daughters. Actigraph® were used in this study for quantitative measurements, which demonstrated low levels of physical activities among mothers and daughters, with both mothers and daughters being in sedentary activity (71%) while they wore the actigraph. Multiple regression did not reveal significant relationships between societal norms, exercise self-efficacy and physical activity enjoyment on a commitment to physical activity with the mothers, and the R2 = .04 which explains only 4% of the variance for mothers' commitment for physical activity. Multiple regression did however real a relationship between the daughters' independent variables, societal norms, [beta] = .28, p = .01; and exercise self-efficacy, [beta] = .25, p = .02. The total R2 = .213 which explains 21% of the variance for the daughters' commitment for PA, which is not a strong predictor for commitment of physical activity. Limitations of this study was the language barrier, limited access to Actigraph® and seasonal winter months may have reduced physical activity. Further research is needed with the Hispanic population especially with the key predictor variable of being physically active, exercise self-efficacy. Implication for nurses include education for why and how to be physically active, and to provide physically activity programs that are culturally specific for this population that would provide enjoyment and therefore a commitment to physical activity.
Author: Suzanne M. Keep Publisher: ISBN: Category : Exercise Languages : en Pages : 179
Book Description
The purpose of this research was to examine the relationships among societal norms, exercise self-efficacy and activity related affect on commitment to a plan of physical activity in a sample of low-income Hispanic women and their daughters. Theoretical propositions derived from the Health Promotion Model (Pender, 2011) were tested. The first hypothesis, which stated there would be a significant relationship between societal norms and commitment, was partially supported. The second hypothesis, which stated there would be a significant relationship between exercise self-efficacy and commitment, was partially supported. The third hypothesis, which stated there would be a significant relationship between related affect and commitment to a plan of physical activity, was partially supported. The fourth hypothesis, which stated there would be significant relationship between commitment to a plan of physical activity and participation in physical activity, was partially supported. The fifth hypothesis, which stated there would be a significant relationship between societal norms, self-efficacy, activity related affect and commitment to a plan of physical activity of mothers will be significant predictors of physical activity levels of the daughters, was partially supported. The sixth hypothesis, which stated there would be a significant differences in societal norms, exercise self-efficacy, activity related affect and commitment to exercise between Hispanic women and their daughters was partially supported. Evidence in support of these hypotheses was found among daughters, in relation societal norms and exercise self efficacy, but not mothers. Data was collected at area Hispanic churches. (N= 79) Hispanic mothers and (N= 79) Hispanic daughters. A correlational designed was used. Kendall's tau_b was used to assess differences between means of mothers and daughters. Actigraph® were used in this study for quantitative measurements, which demonstrated low levels of physical activities among mothers and daughters, with both mothers and daughters being in sedentary activity (71%) while they wore the actigraph. Multiple regression did not reveal significant relationships between societal norms, exercise self-efficacy and physical activity enjoyment on a commitment to physical activity with the mothers, and the R2 = .04 which explains only 4% of the variance for mothers' commitment for physical activity. Multiple regression did however real a relationship between the daughters' independent variables, societal norms, [beta] = .28, p = .01; and exercise self-efficacy, [beta] = .25, p = .02. The total R2 = .213 which explains 21% of the variance for the daughters' commitment for PA, which is not a strong predictor for commitment of physical activity. Limitations of this study was the language barrier, limited access to Actigraph® and seasonal winter months may have reduced physical activity. Further research is needed with the Hispanic population especially with the key predictor variable of being physically active, exercise self-efficacy. Implication for nurses include education for why and how to be physically active, and to provide physically activity programs that are culturally specific for this population that would provide enjoyment and therefore a commitment to physical activity.
Author: Lisa Christine Martinez Publisher: ISBN: 9781321212150 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Approximately 33% of children in the U.S. are overweight/obese, thus increasing their risk for adverse health effects. Physical inactivity has been identified as a contributing factor to this problem yet the majority of children are not meeting the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Physical Activity Guidelines and most schools are not offering daily physical education. The overall purpose of this prospective, descriptive study was to examine the relationship between physical activity and academic achievement in rural, low income, Mexican origin, elementary school aged children. In addition, physical activity rates and correlates were also examined. The study utilized a cross sectional design and data from two sources: baseline data from the Niños Sanos, Familia Sana study and school testing data from the Firebaugh Las Deltas Unified School District. Niños Sanos, Familia Sana study is a 5-year, multifaceted childhood obesity study in the towns of Firebaugh and San Joaquin, California, with an overall goal of slowing the increase of body mass index in children ages 3-8. Baseline data were collected between March 1, 2012 and January 15, 2013. Children were included in the subsample (N=66) if they 1) attended Hazel M. Bailey Elementary School during the 2012-2013 school year and 2) had 3 or more days of accelerometer wear. The majority of the children were born in the United States (92%) while the majority of their mothers were born in Mexico (80%). 38% of the children were overweight/obese. English Language Arts and mathematics test scores were found to be unrelated to physical activity. 72% of the children averaged 60 minutes or more of moderate to vigorous physical activity per day. Boys were significantly more active than girls. The significance of this study is its new knowledge concerning general physical activity and academic achievement, and health behaviors in an understudied, at risk community. The Latino population comprises 38% of California's population and is disproportionately affected by overweight and obesity. Rural location and residence make it difficult to reach these two communities. Findings can be used to support public policies thus promoting lifelong healthy weight through obesity prevention among Latino children.
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309452961 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 583
Book Description
In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Author: Martha L. Morales Publisher: ISBN: Category : Hispanic American children Languages : en Pages : 366
Book Description
In the past 10 years, obesity rates have increased at an alarming rate among children ages 2-5. Hispanic populations are especially susceptible to obesity. Surveillance data complied by the Center for Disease Control (CDC) Pediatric Nutrition Surveillance System (PNSS) on children participating in federally funded health and nutrition programs revealed among low-income, preschool-age children, the obesity prevalence remained at 14.6% in 2008. The research indicates a multitude of social and physiological factors affect childhood obesity. Parenting factors influencing obesity in children include level of physical activity, healthy nutritional resources, involvement in social activities, and achievement in educational settings. These factors are influenced by the cultural practices, beliefs, and values passed on from one generation to the next. Few studies have involved understanding cultural practices affecting parents and caretakers as they strive to raise healthy Hispanic children. Studies conducted along the U.S/Mexico border are few to none. Through a qualitative descriptive study using Leininger's Culture Care Diversity and Theoretical Model, focus groups were conducted, using five interview questions to explore perceptions on obesity prevention. The sample included 37 adult Hispanics presently responsible for the care of healthy preschoolers. Demographic data provided a rich, in-depth pictorial of the participants. Themes and sub-themes emerged from the transcripts and were confirmed by the key informant. Patterns of similarities and differences were validated through transcriptions in both English and Spanish. The themes ultimately corresponded with Leininger's Sunrise Model dimensions. The themes abstracted from the data analysis were: 1. General agreement existed among caretakers about requirements for physical activity and balanced nutrition: however, methods used to meet those requirements differed. 2. Participants presented a variety of useful resources with information which assisted them raise their children in a healthy manner. 3. The contrast between urban and rural living environments provided challenges to these caretakers' attempts to raise healthy children. Implications for nurses providing culture care and its inclusion in nursing education were discussed.
Author: Jessica Aguilar Publisher: ISBN: 9781267459701 Category : Hispanic American children Languages : en Pages : 106
Book Description
Abstract: Obesity among the pediatric population is increasing at alarming rates. Compared to other races and ethnic groups in Long Beach, California, Latinos of all ages now represent 68.2% of the city's overweight and obese. Among U.S. Hispanic boys and girls born in 2000, 45.4% and 52.5% have a lifetime risk of developing diabetes, respectively, compared to 26.7% and 31.2% among their White male and female counterparts. Scant culturally-relevant research has been conducted to evaluate socioenvironmental barriers that inhibit physical activity and promote sedentarism among Latinos, particularly children. As part of the formative data collection phase of the Sanos y Fuertes Project, six family-based focus groups were conducted with 68 Latinos in the greater Long Beach area. Participants completed demographic and behavioral surveys regarding exercise practices. This study utilized a secondary data analysis approach to illuminate specific barriers and facilitators to physical activity such as family living conditions, healthcare access, and obstacles to exercise. Findings indicated that physical activity was associated with exercise and nutrition class attendance, and with gymnasium membership. These action steps will serve to address the health and physical activity needs of at-risk Latino children and their families.
Author: Neomie Ceta Congello Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 168
Book Description
Healthy lifestyle behaviors such as engaging in physical activity (PA) may reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), the number one cause of mortality among Mexican American women (MAW). Research findings show that MAW have low levels of leisure time PA and vary in the amount of overall PA. The influence of partner support has received little attention in studies examining predictors of PA. This cross sectional study investigated factors influencing PA among MAW aged 19 to 64 years old (mean = 39.4, SD = 11.1) who may be at increased risk for CVD based on hypertension, diabetes and obesity rates reported for the general population of Latinos. The study was guided by an ecological framework with variables identified at the community (the physical environment), interpersonal (family, friends and partner support, attitudinal familism, and intrapersonal levels (age, employment status, acculturation, body mass index [BMI], number of chronic health conditions). The sample recruited from Southern California included 112 self-identified MAW, predominantly born in Mexico (n = 98, 88 %) and overweight/obese, who had low income and lived with their partner. An instrument packet was administered via individual interviews to facilitate understanding of questions among women with varying educational backgrounds and ability to read and write. The following self-report measures were administered in either Spanish or English: The Short International Physical Activity Questionnaire, the Abbreviated Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale, an adapted Social Support and Exercise Survey, the Attitudinal Familism Scale, a demographic questionnaire and the General Acculturation Index. Although perceived PA ranged widely from low to high, a surprisingly large number of women (77.5%) reported moderate to high levels. Results of Pearson product-moment correlations showed that higher partner support, residential density, and acculturation and lower neighborhood crime were significantly associated with higher levels of PA. Acculturation and partner support were found to be significant predictors of PA in the multiple regression analyses. These findings suggest that future PA studies examining influences on PA and those testing PA intervention programs for MAW should address partner support and acculturation factors. Clinicians are encouraged to assess facilitators and barriers to PA in counseling MAW.
Author: Diane Olvera Rodriguez Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 28
Book Description
Children who live in low socioeconomic neighborhoods tend to suffer from environmental health inequalities. Often they live in environments that do not support a healthy consumption of nutrients as evidenced by vast amounts of fast food restaurants, markets that offer convenient low cost and low nutrient rich foods and high priced organic fruits and vegetables. This qualitative study focuses on how Latina mothers specifically in the San Fernando Valley navigate their environment and busy lives to ensure that they provide nutritious meals to their children despite the numerous barriers that they may face such as busy work schedules, distant food retailers, and limited funds. By interviewing Latina mothers who have children between the ages of 1-10 years of age this study shows how mothers with a Latino cultural background are instilling healthy eating habits among their children. Participants in the study describe their healthy food practices living in a neighborhood environment that may not be the most supportive towards healthy food consumption. Results show that community navigation, food preparation and time management, open communication and commitment to their children's food literacy are key factors to ensure that children receive the proper nutrition they need and deserve to flourish into healthy beings. vi The role that mothers play in the lives of their children in regards to proper nutrition education is crucially important to prevent malnutrition and obesity in the future. Good eating habits are first learned in the home. Healthy nutrition that starts in the home can significantly decrease the expenses in healthcare, therefore, more programs centered on health and nutrition should be integrated into wellness programs in mental health.
Author: Martha Raile Alligood Publisher: Elsevier Health Sciences ISBN: 0323402194 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 616
Book Description
A classic text is back with fresh, comprehensive nursing theories, critiques, and philosophies. Nursing Theorists and Their Work, 9th Edition provides you with an in-depth look at 39 theorists of historical, international, and significant importance. This new edition has been updated with an improved writing style, added case studies, critical thinking activities, and in-depth objective critiques of nursing theories that help bridge the gap between theory and application. In addition, the six levels of abstraction (philosophy, conceptual models, grand theory, theory, middle-range theory, and future of nursing theory) are graphically depicted throughout the book to help you understand the context of the various theories. Each theorist chapter is written by a scholar specializing in that particular theorist’s work, often having worked closely with the theorists, to provide the most accurate and complete information possible. A case study at the end of each theorist chapter puts the theory into a larger perspective, demonstrating how it can be applied to practice. Critical Thinking Activities at the end of each theorist chapter help you process the theory presented and apply it to personal and hypothetical practice situations. Diagrams for theories help you visualize and better understand inherently abstract concepts. A Brief Summary in each theorist chapter helps you review for tests and confirm their comprehension. A Major Concepts & Definitions box included in each theorist chapter outlines the theory’s most significant ideas and clarifies content-specific vocabulary. Points for Further Study at the end of each chapter directs you to assets available for additional information. Quotes from the theorist make each complex theory more memorable. An extensive bibliography at the conclusion of each theorist chapter outlines numerous primary and secondary sources of information for further study. NEW! Improved writing style and increased use of subheadings make the narrative more concise, direct, and accessible. NEW! Updated research and findings incorporate new content along with more examples and clinical correlations. NEW! History of Nursing Science chapter emphasizes nursing science updates UNIQUE! Graphical depiction of the six levels of abstraction (philosophy, conceptual models, grand theory, theory, middle-range theory, and future of nursing theory) helps you to understand the context of the various theories.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
In 2000, the U.S. Census Bureau reported that Latinos represented 12.6% of the total population in the United States. It is projected that by 2010 Latinos will account for 15.5% of the population (1,2). Latinos account for 32% of the population in Texas, and specifically in Corpus Christi, Latinos represent 54% of the population (3). The purpose of this study was to compare reported versus actual physical activity among limited resource Latina mothers. This study also aimed to explore the validity of the existing Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) and Seven-Day Physical Activity Recall (PAR) physical activity assessment tools. Fifty-five Latina mothers from a Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) clinic in Corpus Christi, Texas were recruited to participate in this study. Data were collected through a combined (BRFSS and PAR) physical activity questionnaire as well as through step counts using pedometers. BRFSS and PAR reported significantly different levels of moderate physical activity (p=0.0312) using Chi Square tests when appropriate. The response rate in PAR for all levels of activity intensity was higher than BRFSS. There were significant trends between the number of steps reported and BRFSS and PAR moderate physical activity. Further, the majority of subjects who averaged greater than 5,000 steps per day did not perceive themselves to be moderately active in either BRFSS or PAR. These findings question the validity of these physical activity assessment tools with this population.
Author: Transportation Research Board Publisher: Transportation Research Board ISBN: 0309094984 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 269
Book Description
TRB Special Report 282: Does the Built Environment Influence Physical Activity? Examining the Evidence reviews the broad trends affecting the relationships among physical activity, health, transportation, and land use; summarizes what is known about these relationships, including the strength and magnitude of any causal connections; examines implications for policy; and recommends priorities for future research.
Author: Suzanne M. Keep
Author: Suzanne M. Keep
Author: Lisa Christine Martinez
Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Author: Martha L. Morales
Author: Jessica Aguilar
Author: Neomie Ceta Congello
Author: Diane Olvera Rodriguez
Author: Martha Raile Alligood
Author: 
Author: Transportation Research Board