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Author: U.s. Government Accountability Office Publisher: ISBN: 9781974645510 Category : Languages : en Pages : 58
Book Description
"Countries posing national security concerns to the U.S. could upgrade their military forces with certain technologies having civilian and military (dual-use) applications. The Department of Commerce (Commerce) may require employers to obtain a "deemed export" license before they can transfer these technologies to foreign nationals in the U.S. The State Department also requires foreign nationals to obtain specialty occupation visas to work in the U.S. in occupations such as engineering, computers, and biotechnology. GAO was asked to examine the risk that foreign nationals in the U.S. may gain unauthorized access to controlled technologies, and the extent to which Commerce and other agencies implemented recommended changes to the deemed export licensing process and enforcement system. GAO analyzed licensing and visa data from Commerce and Homeland Security, respectively; reviewed reports; and met with law enforcement agencies, companies, and universities in Boston, Los Angeles, and San Francisco."
Author: U.s. Government Accountability Office Publisher: ISBN: 9781974645510 Category : Languages : en Pages : 58
Book Description
"Countries posing national security concerns to the U.S. could upgrade their military forces with certain technologies having civilian and military (dual-use) applications. The Department of Commerce (Commerce) may require employers to obtain a "deemed export" license before they can transfer these technologies to foreign nationals in the U.S. The State Department also requires foreign nationals to obtain specialty occupation visas to work in the U.S. in occupations such as engineering, computers, and biotechnology. GAO was asked to examine the risk that foreign nationals in the U.S. may gain unauthorized access to controlled technologies, and the extent to which Commerce and other agencies implemented recommended changes to the deemed export licensing process and enforcement system. GAO analyzed licensing and visa data from Commerce and Homeland Security, respectively; reviewed reports; and met with law enforcement agencies, companies, and universities in Boston, Los Angeles, and San Francisco."
Author: United States Government Accountability Office Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN: 9781983616303 Category : Languages : en Pages : 58
Book Description
Export Controls: Improvements Needed to Prevent Unauthorized Technology Releases to Foreign Nationals in the United States
Author: U.s. Government Accountability Office Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN: 9781974179787 Category : Languages : en Pages : 56
Book Description
" To protect its national security and commercial interests, the United States has implemented an export control system to limit sensitive technologies from falling into the wrong hands. The Department of State regulates U.S. defense exports and the Department of Commerce regulates dual-use exports that have commercial and military applications. Each agency uses a separate control list of items that may require a license to export. Agencies use compliance activities to prevent the diversion or misuse of exported items against U.S. interests or allies. Misuse can occur through illicit transshipment, the diversion of items from their origin through an intermediary country to an unauthorized destination. In 2010, the President announced reforms to the export control system. This review examines (1) agencies' compliance activities to address transshipment risk and (2) the extent to which U.S. agencies assessed the impact of export control reforms on the resource needs for compliance activities. GAO analyzed U.S. licensing data for 13 transshipment countries and visited Hong Kong, Singapore, and the United Arab Emirates. "
Author: United States Government Accountability Office Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform ISBN: 9781977941213 Category : Languages : en Pages : 46
Book Description
NASA develops sophisticated technologies and shares them with its international partners and others. U.S. export control regulations require NASA to identify and protect its sensitive technology; NASA delegates implementation of export controls to its 10 research and space centers. Recent allegations of export control violations at two NASA centers have raised questions about NASA's ability to protect its sensitive technologies. GAO was asked to review NASA's export control program. This report assessed (1) NASA's export control policies and how centers implement them, and (2) the extent to which NASA Headquarters and CEAs apply oversight of center compliance with its export control policies. To do this, GAO reviewed export control laws and regulations, NASA export control policies, and State and Commerce export control compliance guidance. GAO also reviewed NASA information on foreign national visits and technical papers and interviewed officials from NASA and its 10 centers as well as from other agencies.
Author: U S Government Accountability Office (G Publisher: BiblioGov ISBN: 9781289223137 Category : Languages : en Pages : 38
Book Description
The U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO) is an independent agency that works for Congress. The GAO watches over Congress, and investigates how the federal government spends taxpayers dollars. The Comptroller General of the United States is the leader of the GAO, and is appointed to a 15-year term by the U.S. President. The GAO wants to support Congress, while at the same time doing right by the citizens of the United States. They audit, investigate, perform analyses, issue legal decisions and report anything that the government is doing. This is one of their reports.
Author: National Academy of Engineering Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309043921 Category : Political Science Languages : en Pages : 409
Book Description
Protecting U.S. security by controlling technology export has long been a major issue. But the threat of the Soviet sphere is rapidly being superseded by state-sponsored terrorism; nuclear, chemical, biological, and missile proliferation; and other critical security factors. This volume provides a policy outline and specific steps for an urgently needed revamping of U.S. and multilateral export controls. It presents the latest information on these and many other pressing issues: The successes and failures of U.S. export controls, including a look at U.S. laws, regulations, and export licensing; U.S. participation in international agencies; and the role of industry. The effects of export controls on industry. The growing threat of "proliferation" technologies. World events make this volume indispensable to policymakers, government security agencies, technology exporters, and faculty and students of international affairs.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 40
Book Description
Who Should Read This Report and Why? Civil service and uniformed officers responsible for controlling the release of technology or technical data detrimental to our national security should read this report. The report discusses the steps DoD needs to take to identify unclassified export-controlled technology and to ensure that DoD contractors, universities, and Federally Funded Research and Development Centers are preventing unauthorized disclosure to foreign nationals. Background. Public Law 106-65, "National Defense Authorization Act for FY 2000," section 1402, "Annual Report on Transfers of Militarily Sensitive Technology to Countries and Entities of Concern," October 5, 1999, requires that the Inspectors General of the Departments of Commerce, Defense, Energy, and State, in consultation with the Director of Central Intelligence and the Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation conduct annual reviews of the transfer of military technologies to countries and entities of concern. The United States Government restricts the release of critical technologies, including technical data, to foreign nationals through the Export Administration Regulations and the International Traffic in Arms Regulations. U.S. entities are generally required to obtain an export license before providing foreign nationals access to software or technology that is subject to export licensing requirements. Within DoD, multiple offices oversee the development and implementation of export control policies and control foreign nationals access. The Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics is responsible for the implementation of DoD technology transfer policies for all research, development, and acquisition matters.
Author: U.s. Government Accountability Office
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Author: United States Government Accountability Office
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Author: National Academy of Engineering
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