Exploring the Relationship Between Stereotype Threat, Racial Centrality, Grit, and Academic Achievement and Retention in African American Male First Generation College Students PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Exploring the Relationship Between Stereotype Threat, Racial Centrality, Grit, and Academic Achievement and Retention in African American Male First Generation College Students PDF full book. Access full book title Exploring the Relationship Between Stereotype Threat, Racial Centrality, Grit, and Academic Achievement and Retention in African American Male First Generation College Students by Brittany Camille Lee. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Brittany Camille Lee Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The educational and achievement gap for African American males has been widely researched and discussed prior to the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s. Many of these male college students have suffered at the hands of stereotype threat: a self-evaluative risk, influenced by widely held prejudices of the dominant majority cultural group that have deleterious effects. Although stereotype threat, along with other variables relevant to achievement, have been widely researched, few studies have examined positive factors that have the potential to buffer the relationship that exists between stereotype threat and academic achievement. This study explored the relationship between dimensions of stereotype threat, racial centrality, grit, and both academic achievement in- and retention of 127 African American male first generation college students. Specifically, racial centrality and grit were hypothesized to separately buffer the relationship between stereotype threat and both academic achievement and retention. Analysis revealed racial centrality significantly moderated the relationship between one dimension of stereotype threat (internalization) and retention: At higher levels of racial centrality, the inverse relationship between internalization and retention was weakened and indeed reversed such that higher racial centrality was associated with greater retention. Contrary to hypotheses, grit did not buffer the relationship between the two dimensions of stereotype threat within the study (internalization and academic effort) and academic achievement or retention. However, in hierarchical multiple regression, the block containing racial centrality and grit accounted for 8.5% of the variance in academic achievement; only grit was significant, with more grit predicting higher GPA. The full multiple regression analysis accounted for 35.5% of the variance in academic achievement. Limitations of the study, implications, and future research and clinical directions are provided.
Author: Brittany Camille Lee Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The educational and achievement gap for African American males has been widely researched and discussed prior to the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s. Many of these male college students have suffered at the hands of stereotype threat: a self-evaluative risk, influenced by widely held prejudices of the dominant majority cultural group that have deleterious effects. Although stereotype threat, along with other variables relevant to achievement, have been widely researched, few studies have examined positive factors that have the potential to buffer the relationship that exists between stereotype threat and academic achievement. This study explored the relationship between dimensions of stereotype threat, racial centrality, grit, and both academic achievement in- and retention of 127 African American male first generation college students. Specifically, racial centrality and grit were hypothesized to separately buffer the relationship between stereotype threat and both academic achievement and retention. Analysis revealed racial centrality significantly moderated the relationship between one dimension of stereotype threat (internalization) and retention: At higher levels of racial centrality, the inverse relationship between internalization and retention was weakened and indeed reversed such that higher racial centrality was associated with greater retention. Contrary to hypotheses, grit did not buffer the relationship between the two dimensions of stereotype threat within the study (internalization and academic effort) and academic achievement or retention. However, in hierarchical multiple regression, the block containing racial centrality and grit accounted for 8.5% of the variance in academic achievement; only grit was significant, with more grit predicting higher GPA. The full multiple regression analysis accounted for 35.5% of the variance in academic achievement. Limitations of the study, implications, and future research and clinical directions are provided.
Author: Laura Nabors Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030817288 Category : Psychology Languages : en Pages : 229
Book Description
This book examines resilience in childhood, focusing on positive functioning and development, often in the face of everyday difficulties and adversities. It highlights critical areas in which children and their families can demonstrate resilience and attain positive social, emotional, academic, and behavioral life trajectories. The book describes key factors related to enhancing resilience for children, such as positive relationships with adults, positive school environments, and meaningful connections with others. It provides practical guidelines for promoting resilience in youth and reviews the critical nature of resilience across various situations, critical issues, and different developmental periods. It offers guidance on strategies for fostering resilience in children. Key topics featured include: Raising children to have grit and tenacity. Fostering resilience in children at school and within their families. Nurturing resilience in children with chronic illnesses and posttrauma. Resilient Children is an essential resource for researchers, professors, and graduate students as well as clinicians, therapists, and other professionals in developmental, clinical, and school psychology, family studies, public health, and social work as well as all related disciplines, including educational psychology, child and adolescent psychiatry, and pediatrics.
Author: Marone LaDarryl Brown Publisher: ISBN: Category : African American college students Languages : en Pages : 284
Book Description
The present research utilized a mixed-methods explanatory sequential design to examine how stereotype threat influences first-year African-American student efficacy within a public university in Maryland. The study took aim at the pervasive problem of African-American student achievement and retention in post secondary institutions across the country, due in part to the noesis of stereotype threat. In light of this challenge, the researcher dissected the relationship between first-year African-American students and the college context in which they exist to better interpret how stereotype threat influences the racial cohesion and dissonance of Black students on the campus of a public university in Maryland. The study secured the perceptions of 169 first-year African-American students within the framework of a public university in Maryland as it pertained to their teaching and learning experiences. The study employed a two-step statistical process to determine statistical significance using the F-test for ,two sample variances, followed by a t-test for two sample variances. The study determined through the use of the Stereotype Confirmation Concern Scale that there was a statistically significant difference between academic achievement and social interaction of first-year African-American students influenced by stereotype threat and first-year African-American students not influenced by stereotype threat. Moreover, the study also determined that student perceptions were influenced in part by stereotype threat, racialization, and lack of inclusiveness. Theoretically, the research draws upon critical race theory to impart that the academic achievement and perceptual experiences of African-American college students are just as influenced by perceived threats of stereotypes as they are by poverty or other psychosocial stressors suggested by previous literature.
Author: Venus Hewing Publisher: ISBN: 9781267070524 Category : Languages : en Pages : 189
Book Description
A quantitative, correlational design was utilized in this study to examine the relationship between academic self-efficacy, racial identity, and the academic success of first-generation African American male college students at Predominantly White Institutions of higher education. The study comprised 89 first-generation African American male college students attending five public institutions of higher education in the northern geographical region of the United States. The data were collected using the Academic Self-efficacy Scale (ases), Black Racial Identity Attitude Scale (brias), and a demographic questionnaire. The study employed three hypotheses: (a) academic self-efficacy would independently predict gpa; (b) racial identity would independently predict gpa; and (c) academic self-efficacy and racial identity combined would predict gpa. Of the three hypotheses, racial identity was the only variable that did not significantly predict gpa. This research potentially can add to the existing body of retention literature on first-generation African American male college students, most particularly on predominantly White campuses. It might also prove useful for parents, educators, and community leaders wishing to develop strategies and techniques that will foster academic resiliency among this student population. The findings from this study generated questions that warrant further investigation. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest llc. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.].
Author: Lawrence L. Scott Publisher: Universal-Publishers ISBN: 1612337627 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 129
Book Description
The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the experiences and perceptions of 10 selected academically successful African American male leaders. In this study, "academic success" was defined as these African American men who attained a master's or postgraduate degree such as a M.D., Ph.D., or J.D. Even though there is bountiful research on the deficiencies in the lives of African American males, it is still unclear what conditions lead African American men to higher educational attainment. The goal of this study was to also add to the deficient, ever-emerging body of research in the area of African American male educational attainment, while providing viable solutions that speak to the plights of African American males from all educational backgrounds and experiences. Using a basic interpretive qualitative inquiry format, the research questions focused on (a) how professional and familial social capital is related to academic success, (b) the participant's perception of the role of resilience in the pursuit of academic attainment, and (c) how does self-efficacy influence academic success for these African American male participants? This research analyzed recurring themes from these participants, who were solicited because they can provide expert testimony on how an African American male can achieve academically. The inquiry produced three recurring themes: Self-Belief and Identity, Social Network and Support, and Faith, Spirituality, and Inspiration. After a comprehensive qualitative analysis of the themes, the following categories emerged: Resilience Over Faulty Mindsets; Competition; Above Mediocrity; Social Network and Support; Family; Positive Influences, Mentors, and Peers; Opportunities; Faith, Spirituality, and Inspiration; Faith in a Higher Power; and Historical Responsibility. All the participants identified Social Network and Support as a major factor in their academic success. Most participants credited a parent, peer, mentor, or teacher as the most influential person that helped them throughout their educational pursuits.
Author: Brock Anthony Joseph Mayers Publisher: ISBN: Category : Academic achievement Languages : en Pages : 114
Book Description
Despite an increase in the accessibility to higher education by non-traditional populations, there remain a significant number of students that come from families where they are the first to attend and hopefully graduate from college. In addition to the challenges faced by first time college students, first-generation college students (FGS) are faced with their own unique and complex issues. Notably, the relationship between self-perception of academic abilities and academic performance can have an impact on the retention and persistence of this student population. The author frames the issues faced by FGS and deconstruct the role of self-perception, self-esteem and self-efficacy in academic achievement amongst the target population ultimately intended to lead to successful postsecondary outcomes. Seven categories emerged from data content analysis of the data: (a) being an African American male, (b) being a Man of Morehouse, (c) being a FGS, (d) community support, (e) peer support, (f) institutional support and (g) motivation. Based on findings, a student centric success model was designed to support the academic success of the target population.
Author: Arlana Dodson-Sims Publisher: ISBN: Category : African American college students Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The purpose of this study was to understand the impact of stereotype threat and academic self concept among African American college students. The participants were 217 African American college students attending a historically black university and a predominately white university. While there were no significant interactions among the variables, the results indicated: (1) students attending the predominately white university felt more alienated and less supported than students attending the historically black university; (2) students at the predominately white university experienced stereotype threat at a higher degree than students at the historically black university; (3) undergraduate students experienced more anxiety than graduate students; and (4) graduate students felt more alienated and less supported than undergraduate students. A major implication of the study is that educators and counselors at predominately white universities need to be sensitive to the impact stereotype threat among African American students.
Author: Carla Postell Publisher: ISBN: Category : Students Languages : en Pages : 262
Book Description
The phenomenological study examined the retrospective perceptions of academic experiences and outcomes of 13 African American full or part-time college students enrolled in either a community college or university located in an urban area. For the purpose of this study, educational experiences are defined as self-reported academic achievements and perceived success levels attained by participants during high school. Academic outcomes are the self-reported academic achievement and success level attained at their colleges and universities. The researcher interviewed participants, using a one-on-one interview process to conduct the interviews. This study examined influences of race congruence between students and teachers. This topic was studied to determine if students find that being taught by a person who is of the same or different race influences their educational experiences and outcomes. African American college students' retrospective appraisal of the role that teacher expectations, teacher-student racial congruity, and stereotype threat played in their high school education, guided this study. Findings from the participant interviews produced four major themes: perceptions of teacher expectations, stereotypes, stereotype threat, and racial congruence. Examining this concept gives educators the opportunity to understand how African American students view their educational experiences and the role these theories play in students' academic outcomes. Results from the present study provide data to better understand the achievement gap and how to bring closure to the gap, helps educators and policymakers reset their perspectives and priorities as they relate to African American students, encourages and suggests the implementation of diversity training programs and curriculum as they relate to African American students, and reflects teacher expectations and perceptions of African American students. Recommendations for further research include: (a) examining how teacher expectations, racial congruence, and stereotype threat, as they relate to African American students, might be impacting the achhievement gap, (b) conducting a longitudinal research design to extend the study by following students throughout college to graduation to determine how racial congruence between instructors and students in college influenced their college outcomes, and (c) using a mixed-methods research design to study a multicultural group of students (e.g., Black, White, Hispanic, Asian) and teacher racial congruence.
Author: Robert E. Cortes Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
The purpose of this qualitative narrative analysis was to explore how men of color have experienced stereotype threat in their lives and used community cultural wealth to manage stereotype threat and achieve academic success while persisting at a large urban community college. Racial tensions have manifested through blatant acts of racism, discrimination, and microaggressions across college campuses, threatening students of color who are marginalized and targeted. In consideration of the success of men of color attending community colleges in the United States, there is vast inequality and inequity when comparing their graduation, persistence, and retention rates to their White counterparts. According to the National Center for Education Statistics (2019), the graduation, retention, and persistence rates of 15.1% for Black, 21.8% for Latino, and 18.1% for Pacific Islander male students were lower than the 30.5% rate for White male students at two-year public institutions. Research has shown that community cultural wealth helps men of color to be successful in college. The present study utilized purposeful sampling to recruit eight students who identified as men of color, experienced stereotype threat, were currently enrolled full-time at the All City Community College, attended at least one semester, and were academically successful. The study used one story-telling interview and two open-ended interviews to collect participants' stories. Four rounds of deductive and inductive coding were conducted to create a universal story. Through examination of participants' narratives, community college administrators, teachers, and staff will gain deeper insight into creating strengths-based and culturally affirming resources and policies that support male students of color at their institutions.
Author: Miguel Gerardo Mendoza Vargas Publisher: ISBN: Category : Correlation (Statistics) Languages : en Pages : 163
Book Description
This study investigated the relationship between four sub-scales scores of the Grit Scale and academic success measured by the end of first-year college grade point average among first generation college students of color to determine whether this relationship is relevant for enhancing the university's admissions process. The Grit Scale is a self-assessment instrument that measures the noncognitive personality trait of grit and includes four sub-scales -Grit Overall (GO), Perseverance of Effort (PE), Consistency of Interest (CI), and Ambition. A convenience sample of 217 first-year college students at a small private Midwestern university participated in this study. Alongside the Grit Scale score, the other independent variables of this study are high school grade point average score and the American College Testing composite score (ACT). The dependent variable is the end of first-year college grade point average (CGPA). Pearson's and Spearman's correlation analyses were utilized to test the research hypotheses. The findings indicate that high school grade point average is strongly correlate with CGPA for both groups of students, ACT is strongly correlated with CGPA for first-generation students of color and moderately correlated among traditional students, and none of the Grit Scale subscales show correlation with CGPA except Ambition that correlated moderately with CGPA of first-generation students of color.
Author: Brittany Camille Lee
Author: Brittany Camille Lee
Author: Laura Nabors
Author: Marone LaDarryl Brown
Author: Venus Hewing
Author: Lawrence L. Scott
Author: Brock Anthony Joseph Mayers
Author: Arlana Dodson-Sims
Author: Carla Postell
Author: Robert E. Cortes
Author: Miguel Gerardo Mendoza Vargas