Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :
Book Description
Experimental Techniques to Determine Salt Formation and Deposition in Supercritical Water Oxidation Reactors
Author: Salt Deposition Studies in a Supercritical Water Oxidation Reactor
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 18
Book Description
Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO), a method for destroying aqueous organic waste, is a relatively new technology discovered about fifteen years ago. SCWO occurs at moderate temperatures and pressures where the ability of water to dissolve hydrocarbons and other organic chemicals is greatly enhanced. Depending on the feed stream and residence time, the dissolved organic waste reacts with an oxidizer to produce innocuous combustion products. However, oxidation of organic material containing heteroatoms, such as sulfur or phosphorous, forms sulfuric or phosphoric acid in the absence of metal ions. In situ neutralization with sodium hydroxide then forms salts that are insoluble at supercritical conditions. These salts deposit in the reactor affecting the processing of the organic material. To design a system that can accommodate the formation of these salts, it is important to understand the deposition process quantitatively. This paper is an interim report on an experimental program designed to understand the salt deposition phenomena.
Supercritical Water Processing Technologies for Environment, Energy and Nanomaterial Applications
Author: Shuzhong WangPublisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 9811393265
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 352
Book Description
This book systematically presents the technical aspects of supercritical water oxidation and supercritical water gasification for energy and environmental applications, which include reactor design, construction materials, corrosion, salt precipitation, etc. The book provides a comprehensive introduction to the properties of supercritical water, and the industrial applications, reaction mechanisms and reaction kinetics of supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) and supercritical water gasification (SCWG). The reactions occurring in supercritical water are complex, and studying their reaction mechanisms is of great importance for the development of supercritical water processing technologies. Accordingly, the book explains the oxidative mechanisms and kinetics of organic matter in supercritical water in detail. However, the harsh reaction conditions in supercritical water can easily create severe reactor corrosion and salt deposition problems. Therefore, the book also comprehensively reports on the mechanism analysis, state of research, and development trends regarding these two problems. Lastly, the book summarizes the development of supercritical water processing technologies, including studies on SCWO and SCWG, as well as near-zero-emission systems of pollutants based on SCWO technology. In short, the book provides a wealth of valuable information for all readers who are interested in using SCWO for organic waste treatment, and in using SCWG for hydrogen production with wet biomass.
Encyclopedia of Chemical Processing and Design
Author: JohnJ. McKettaJrPublisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1351451812
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 534
Book Description
""Waste. Nuclear Reprocessing and Treatment Technologies to Waste, Solid, Trash Facts
Energy Research Abstracts
Author: Transpiring Wall Supercritical Water Oxidation Reactor Salt Deposition Studies
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 68
Book Description
Sandia National Laboratories has teamed with Foster Wheeler Development Corp. and GenCorp, Aerojet to develop and evaluate a new supercritical water oxidation reactor design using a transpiring wall liner. In the design, pure water is injected through small pores in the liner wall to form a protective boundary layer that inhibits salt deposition and corrosion, effects that interfere with system performance. The concept was tested at Sandia on a laboratory-scale transpiring wall reactor that is a 1/4 scale model of a prototype plant being designed for the Army to destroy colored smoke and dye at Pine Bluff Arsenal in Arkansas. During the tests, a single-phase pressurized solution of sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) was heated to supercritical conditions, causing the salt to precipitate out as a fine solid. On-line diagnostics and post-test observation allowed us to characterize reactor performance at different flow and temperature conditions. Tests with and without the protective boundary layer demonstrated that wall transpiration provides significant protection against salt deposition. Confirmation tests were run with one of the dyes that will be processed in the Pine Bluff facility. The experimental techniques, results, and conclusions are discussed.
Chemical Oxidation
Author: Wesley EckenfelderPublisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781566765022
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 348
Book Description
Chemical oxidation technologies are rapidly maturing into a wide variety of processes for the treatment of difficult waste streams, including wastewater, groundwater, hazardous waste and air. This volume is the fifth proceedings of the international symposium on chemical oxidation processes applied to environmental problems.
Encyclopedia of Chemical Processing and Design
Author: John J. McKettaPublisher:
ISBN:
Category : Chemical engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 548
Book Description
Radioactive Waste Management
Author: Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Radioactive waste disposal
Languages : en
Pages : 726
Book Description
Author: Melanie Sarah Baker