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Author: David Richard Clermont House Publisher: ISBN: 9781124186887 Category : Languages : en Pages : 82
Book Description
Sensory representations in the cortex adapt during experience and learning to shape perception. Behaviorally relevant stimuli strengthen and expand within cortical sensory maps, while irrelevant or unused stimuli weaken and shrink. These changes in maps are known to include modifications of excitatory neurons and circuits, but it remains uncertain how inhibitory plasticity may be involved. This thesis investigates the cellular basis for experience-dependent plasticity of feedforward inhibition within layer 2/3 (L2/3) of rodent somatosensory cortex and addresses how changes of excitatory and inhibitory circuits are coordinated during map plasticity. Experiments revealed that sensory deprivation weakens feedforward inhibition onto L2/3 excitatory pyramidal cells via local fast-spiking (FS) interneurons. This weakening reflected reduced excitatory synaptic input to FS interneurons, partially offset by increased strength of unitary FS to pyramidal cell synapses. These changes occur in parallel with previously reported decreases of feedforward excitation onto L2/3 pyramids and preserve mean excitatory-inhibitory balance during experience-dependent plasticity.
Author: David Richard Clermont House Publisher: ISBN: 9781124186887 Category : Languages : en Pages : 82
Book Description
Sensory representations in the cortex adapt during experience and learning to shape perception. Behaviorally relevant stimuli strengthen and expand within cortical sensory maps, while irrelevant or unused stimuli weaken and shrink. These changes in maps are known to include modifications of excitatory neurons and circuits, but it remains uncertain how inhibitory plasticity may be involved. This thesis investigates the cellular basis for experience-dependent plasticity of feedforward inhibition within layer 2/3 (L2/3) of rodent somatosensory cortex and addresses how changes of excitatory and inhibitory circuits are coordinated during map plasticity. Experiments revealed that sensory deprivation weakens feedforward inhibition onto L2/3 excitatory pyramidal cells via local fast-spiking (FS) interneurons. This weakening reflected reduced excitatory synaptic input to FS interneurons, partially offset by increased strength of unitary FS to pyramidal cell synapses. These changes occur in parallel with previously reported decreases of feedforward excitation onto L2/3 pyramids and preserve mean excitatory-inhibitory balance during experience-dependent plasticity.
Author: Melanie A. Woodin Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1441969780 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 191
Book Description
This volume will explore the most recent findings on cellular mechanisms of inhibitory plasticity and its functional role in shaping neuronal circuits, their rewiring in response to experience, drug addiction and in neuropathology. Inhibitory Synaptic Plasticity will be of particular interest to neuroscientists and neurophysiologists.
Author: Jeffery A. Winer Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1441900748 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 711
Book Description
There has been substantial progress in understanding the contributions of the auditory forebrain to hearing, sound localization, communication, emotive behavior, and cognition. The Auditory Cortex covers the latest knowledge about the auditory forebrain, including the auditory cortex as well as the medial geniculate body in the thalamus. This book will cover all important aspects of the auditory forebrain organization and function, integrating the auditory thalamus and cortex into a smooth, coherent whole. Volume One covers basic auditory neuroscience. It complements The Auditory Cortex, Volume 2: Integrative Neuroscience, which takes a more applied/clinical perspective.
Author: Takao K. Hensch Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461500397 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 286
Book Description
A new perspective on brain function depends upon an understanding of the interaction and integration of excitation and inhibition. A recent surge in research activity focused on inhibitory interneurons now makes a more balanced view possible. Technological advances such as improved imaging methods, visualized patch-clamp recording, multiplex single-cell PCR, and gene-targeted deletion or knock-in mice are some of the novel tools featured in this book. This book will provide an integrated view of neuron function, operating in a balanced regime of excitation and inhibition. It is a timely contribution emphasizing how this balance is established, maintained, and modified from the molecular to system levels. The broad spectrum of topics from molecular to cellular and system/computational neuroscience will appeal to a wide audience of advanced graduate students, post-docs, and faculty. Moreover, this book this book features active young researchers from around the world, who are currently educating the brain scientists of tomorrow.
Author: Larry R. Squire Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0080963935 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 12505
Book Description
The Encyclopedia of the Neuroscience explores all areas of the discipline in its focused entries on a wide variety of topics in neurology, neurosurgery, psychiatry and other related areas of neuroscience. Each article is written by an expert in that specific domain and peer reviewed by the advisory board before acceptance into the encyclopedia. Each article contains a glossary, introduction, a reference section, and cross-references to other related encyclopedia articles. Written at a level suitable for university undergraduates, the breadth and depth of coverage will appeal beyond undergraduates to professionals and academics in related fields.
Author: Jin-Hui Wang Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9811395012 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 275
Book Description
This book focuses on associative memory cells and their working principles, which can be applied to associative memories and memory-relevant cognitions. Providing comprehensive diagrams, it presents the author's personal perspectives on pathology and therapeutic strategies for memory deficits in patients suffering from neurological diseases and psychiatric disorders. Associative learning is a common approach to acquire multiple associated signals, including knowledge, experiences and skills from natural environments or social interaction. The identification of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying associative memory is important in furthering our understanding of the principles of memory formation and memory-relevant behaviors as well as in developing therapeutic strategies that enhance memory capacity in healthy individuals and improve memory deficit in patients suffering from neurological disease and psychiatric disorders. Although a series of hypotheses about neural substrates for associative memory has been proposed, numerous questions still need to be addressed, especially the basic units and their working principle in engrams and circuits specific for various memory patterns. This book summarizes the developments concerning associative memory cells reported in current and past literature, providing a valuable overview of the field for neuroscientists, psychologists and students.
Author: Hubert Vaudry Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9781402073069 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 432
Book Description
Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide is the first volume to be written on the neuropeptide PACAP. It covers all domains of PACAP from molecular and cellular aspects to physiological activities and promises for new therapeutic strategies. Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide is the twentieth volume published in the Endocrine Updates book series under the Series Editorship of Shlomo Melmed, MD.
Author: John R. Smythies Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 012404722X Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 408
Book Description
The present day is witnessing an explosion of our understanding of how the brain works at all levels, in which complexity is piled on complexity, and mechanisms of astonishing elegance are being continually discovered. This process is most developed in the major areas of the brain, such as the cortex, thalamus, and striatum. The Claustrum instead focuses on a small, remote, and, until recently, relatively unknown area of the brain. In recent years, researchers have come to believe that the claustrum is concerned with consciousness, a bold hypothesis supported by the claustrum’s two-way connections with nearly every other region of the brain and its seeming involvement with multisensory integrations—the hallmark of consciousness. The claustrum, previously in a humble position at the back of the stage, might in fact be the conductor of the brain’s orchestra. The Claustrum brings together leading experts on the claustrum from the varied disciplines of neuroscience, providing a state-of-the-art presentation of what is currently known about the claustrum, promising lines of current research (including epigenetics), and projections of new lines of investigation on the horizon. Develops a unifying hypothesis about the claustrum’s role in consciousness, as well as the integration of sensory information and other higher brain functions Discusses the involvement of the claustrum with autism, schizophrenia, epilepsy, Alzheimer’s disease, and Parkinson’s disease Coverage of all aspects of the claustrum, from its evolution and development to promising new lines of research, including epigenetics, provides a platform and point of reference for future investigative efforts
Author: Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0128054093 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 5215
Book Description
The Senses: A Comprehensive Reference, Second Edition, Seven Volume Set is a comprehensive reference work covering the range of topics that constitute current knowledge of the neural mechanisms underlying the different senses. This important work provides the most up-to-date, cutting-edge, comprehensive reference combining volumes on all major sensory modalities in one set. Offering 264 chapters from a distinguished team of international experts, The Senses lays out current knowledge on the anatomy, physiology, and molecular biology of sensory organs, in a collection of comprehensive chapters spanning 4 volumes. Topics covered include the perception, psychophysics, and higher order processing of sensory information, as well as disorders and new diagnostic and treatment methods. Written for a wide audience, this reference work provides students, scholars, medical doctors, as well as anyone interested in neuroscience, a comprehensive overview of the knowledge accumulated on the function of sense organs, sensory systems, and how the brain processes sensory input. As with the first edition, contributions from leading scholars from around the world will ensure The Senses offers a truly international portrait of sensory physiology. The set is the definitive reference on sensory neuroscience and provides the ultimate entry point into the review and original literature in Sensory Neuroscience enabling students and scientists to delve into the subject and deepen their knowledge. All-inclusive coverage of topics: updated edition offers readers the only current reference available covering neurobiology, physiology, anatomy, and molecular biology of sense organs and the processing of sensory information in the brain Authoritative content: world-leading contributors provide readers with a reputable, dynamic and authoritative account of the topics under discussion Comprehensive-style content: in-depth, complex coverage of topics offers students at upper undergraduate level and above full insight into topics under discussion
Author: David Richard Clermont House
Author: David Richard Clermont House
Author: Melanie A. Woodin
Author: Jeffery A. Winer
Author: Takao K. Hensch
Author: Larry R. Squire
Author: Lorenzo A. Cingolani
Author: Jin-Hui Wang
Author: Hubert Vaudry
Author: John R. Smythies
Author: