Author: Kimberly Carmel Brown
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 102

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Book Description

Author: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 0309388570
Category : Social Science
Languages : en
Pages : 525

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Book Description
Decades of research have demonstrated that the parent-child dyad and the environment of the familyâ€"which includes all primary caregiversâ€"are at the foundation of children's well- being and healthy development. From birth, children are learning and rely on parents and the other caregivers in their lives to protect and care for them. The impact of parents may never be greater than during the earliest years of life, when a child's brain is rapidly developing and when nearly all of her or his experiences are created and shaped by parents and the family environment. Parents help children build and refine their knowledge and skills, charting a trajectory for their health and well-being during childhood and beyond. The experience of parenting also impacts parents themselves. For instance, parenting can enrich and give focus to parents' lives; generate stress or calm; and create any number of emotions, including feelings of happiness, sadness, fulfillment, and anger. Parenting of young children today takes place in the context of significant ongoing developments. These include: a rapidly growing body of science on early childhood, increases in funding for programs and services for families, changing demographics of the U.S. population, and greater diversity of family structure. Additionally, parenting is increasingly being shaped by technology and increased access to information about parenting. Parenting Matters identifies parenting knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with positive developmental outcomes in children ages 0-8; universal/preventive and targeted strategies used in a variety of settings that have been effective with parents of young children and that support the identified knowledge, attitudes, and practices; and barriers to and facilitators for parents' use of practices that lead to healthy child outcomes as well as their participation in effective programs and services. This report makes recommendations directed at an array of stakeholders, for promoting the wide-scale adoption of effective programs and services for parents and on areas that warrant further research to inform policy and practice. It is meant to serve as a roadmap for the future of parenting policy, research, and practice in the United States.

Author: Signithia Fordham
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
ISBN: 0226257142
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 426

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Book Description
Acknowledgments Prologue Introduction: Stalking Culture and Meaning and Looking in a Refracted Mirror 1: Schooling and Imagining the American Dream: Success Alloyed with Failure 2: Becoming a Person: Fictive Kinship as a Theoretical Frame 3: Parenthood, Childrearing, and Female Academic Success 4: Parenthood, Childrearing, and Male Academic Success 5: Teachers and School Officials as Foreign Sages6: School Success and the Construction of "Otherness" 7: Retaining Humanness: Underachievement and the Struggle to Affirm the Black Self 8: Reclaiming and Expanding Humanness: Overcoming the Integration Ideology Afterword Policy Implications Notes Bibliography Index Copyright © Libri GmbH. All rights reserved.

Author: Ana Kristina Dowell
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 36

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Book Description
Illiteracy is a social problem in America; approximately 40 million Americans are illiterate. Literacy is essential for success; however, millions of children in America are leaving school without the ability to function and contribute to a rapidly advancing society. Literacy is defined as the ability to use printed words and written information from a variety of sources effectively and efficiently to achieve goals, function in society, and develop knowledge and potential. Children who have difficulty reading often struggle in educational and academic settings, experience low self-esteem as a result of their difficulties, and are more likely to drop out of high school, further limiting their future opportunities. Research has identified some factors that contribute to literacy and language acquisition. Children from lower socioeconomic backgrounds are exposed to less literacy promotion in the home than middle- to upper-class children. Thus, this population is at greater risk for lower achievement scores and less academic success. Research also indicates that home environments, coupled with parental attitudes and beliefs, are critical influences on a child's achievement. Some literacy interventions have been implemented in order to decrease achievement gaps and to increase effective literacy-promoting behaviors. Project PRIMER (Producing Infant/ Mother Ethnic Readers) was a parent-focused community-based intervention designed to increase literacy and language acquisition by children in low-income, ethnically diverse families by teaching mothers dyadic reading techniques. Families were randomly assigned to receive 18, 3, or 0 instructional visits. Children who were assigned to the 18-instructional-visit program increased their achievement scores significantly more than children assigned to the 3- or 0- instructional-visit programs. The purpose of the present study was to examine potential mediators of the change in the children's achievement scores. Five mediation models were tested. All potential mediators were changes in the parental behaviors from the pre- to post-assessments. The mediators were: parental attitudes, the number of questions parents asked, parental teaching behaviors, the number of words spoken by the parent, and the number of words spoken by the child. Participants were 237 families who completed Project PRIMER's 18-instructional-visit program. Parents were also administered questionnaires to measure their attitudes and teaching behaviors. The parents and children were videotaped reading and playing together. The videotapes were coded to assess the changes in the number of questions and words spoken during read and play time. There was a negative correlation between children's pre-assessment achievement scores and changes in parental teaching behaviors, indicating that parents of low-achieving children increased their teaching behaviors more than parents of children who had higher achievement scores at the pre-assessment. However, parental teaching behaviors did not mediate the changes in children's achievement scores. The findings from the other mediation analyses indicated that none of the variables examined mediated the changes in children's achievement scores from pre- to post-intervention. This suggests that single-variable models are inadequate for determining what accounts for the changes in children's achievement scores. It was suggested that more complex models be used to determine the factors that are responsible for changes in children's achievement scores.

Author: Judith L. Meece
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135584656
Category : Education
Languages : en
Pages : 159

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Book Description
First published in 2001. A major contributor to the increased diversity of America's schoolchildren is immigration. The United States is a nation of immigrants, but rates of immigration have varied considerably over different periods of its history. Currently, the United States is experiencing a period of high immigration, which began in the 1960. Numerous reports indicate that schools are ill prepared for the increased diversity of America's school population. This aim of this edition is to provide a set of stimulating articles that highlight the current challenges associated with the schooling of ethnic minority children and to describe some potential directions for educational researchers, both in the direction of ''pure theory development and testing and in more applied areas of intervention studies and school reform.

Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128176474
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 338

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Book Description
Child Development at the intersection of Race and SES, Volume 57 in the Advances in Child Development and Behavior series, presents theoretical and empirical scholarship illuminating how race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status intersect to shape children's development and developmental contexts. Important chapters in this new release include the Implications of Intersecting Socioeconomic and Racial Identities for Academic Achievement and Well-being, The home environment of low-income Latino children: Challenges and opportunities, Profiles of race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status: Implications for ethnic/racial identity, discrimination and sleep, Youths' sociopolitical perceptions and mental health: Intersections between race, class, and gender, and much more. Rather than focusing on the additive effects of race/ethnicity and SES, which is typical (and a limitation) in the developmental literature, the scholarship in this book considers how the factors and processes shaping the development of children of color can differ markedly across the socioeconomic continuum. This collection illustrates how applying an intersectional lens to developmental science can yield unique insights into the challenges confronting, and assets buoying, both minority and majority children's healthy development. - Includes contributions from renowned developmental scholars working at the forefront of their fields - Presents a multidisciplinary focus that will be useful to developmental psychologists, sociologists, family scientists and those whose interests and work fall under the purview of those disciplines - Examines multiple dimensions and factors shaping childhood development

Author: Stephan Wilson
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1135796726
Category : Family & Relationships
Languages : en
Pages : 648

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Book Description
Explore the most fundamental human relationship—between parent and child Western social science has long neglected to acknowledge that family relationships must always be examined from a culturally sensitive perspective. Parent-Youth Relations: Cultural and Cross-Cultural Perspectives fills this void by exploring in depth the most fundamental human relationship—between parent and child—in different societies around the world. International experts provide a comprehensive collection of original research and theory on how parental styles and the effects of culture are interconnected. Written from diverse perspectives, this unique resource reveals deep insight into these relationships by focusing on the individuals, the structure of the family, and societal and cultural influences. Parental relations and cultural belief systems both play integral parts on how socialization and development occur in children. Parent-Youth Relations: Cultural and Cross-Cultural Perspectives presents several viewpoints, some comparing similarities and differences across societies or nations, others exploring relationships within a single culture. This probing global look at parent-youth relations provides sensitively nuanced information valuable for every professional or student in the social sciences. Detailed tables illustrate research data while thorough bibliographies offer opportunities for further study. Parent-Youth Relations: Cultural and Cross-Cultural Perspectives explores: parenting style and its effects on children in Chinese culture parenting style in problem-solving situations in Hong Kong cross-national perspectives on parental acceptance-rejection theory multinational studies of interparental conflict, parenting, and adolescent functioning the relationship between parenting behaviors and adolescent achievement in Chile and Ecuador parent-adolescent relations and problem behaviors in Hungary, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and the United States cross-national analysis of family and school socialization and adolescent academic achievement parent-child contact after divorce—from the child’s perspective familial impacts on adolescent aggression and depression in Colombia predicting Korean adolescents’ sexual behavior from individual and family factors parenting in Mexican society relations with parents and friends during adolescence and early adulthood parent-child relationships in childhood and adulthood and their effect on the parent’s marriage the effects of financial hardship, interparental conflict, and maternal parenting in Germany and more original research studies! Parent-Youth Relations: Cultural and Cross-Cultural Perspectives presents the freshest research available along with extensive bibliographies, providing essential reading for educators, advanced undergraduates, graduate students, and professionals in family studies, sociology, psychology, and anthropology.

Author:
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128176466
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 338

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Book Description
Advances in Child Development and Behavior, Volume 57 presents theoretical and empirical scholarship illuminating how race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status intersect to shape children's development and developmental contexts. Rather than focusing on the additive effects of race/ethnicity and SES, which is typical (and a limitation) in the developmental literature, the scholarship in this book considers how the factors and processes shaping the development of children of color can differ markedly across the socioeconomic continuum. This collection illustrates how applying an intersectional lens to developmental science can yield unique insights into the challenges confronting and assets buoying both minority and majority children's healthy development. This volume's contributors include renowned developmental scholars working at the forefront of their fields The volume's multidisciplinary focus has relevance to developmental psychologists, sociologists, and family scientists and those whose interests and work fall under the purview of those disciplines This volume examines multiple dimensions of and multiple factors shaping children's development

Author: Angelicia S. Dunbar
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Academic achievement
Languages : en
Pages : 87

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Book Description
"The racial-ethnic academic achievement gap is a long-standing phenomenon in the U.S. that has held the attention of scholars for decades. Research has found that accounting for factors such as SES reduces the initial gap but does not eliminate differences by race and ethnicity (Han & Palloni, 2009). Given the persistent achievement gap, researchers have placed greater emphasis on the importance of parent involvement in children's education for promoting academic achievement. Emerging literature suggests that lower levels of parent involvement found among racial-ethnic minority parents when compared to White parents (Lee & Bowen, 2006) may explain disparities in achievement, however, this hypothesis has rarely been tested directly. Moreover, less is known about these links among children in immigrant families, a growing segment of the U.S. population. Thus, the present study tested whether lower fifth grade achievement among children of Caribbean and Mexican immigrants as compared to children of European immigrants can be explained by their parents' lower levels of involvement in education in the third grade, net of demographic variables. Further, this study tests whether lower levels of parental resources among Caribbean and Mexican immigrant parents can account for their expected lower levels of parent involvement. The present study was conducted using the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten cohort dataset (ECLS-K). The analysis sample included White European (n= 207), Black Caribbean (n= 45), Mexican (n= 562), and East Asian (n= 95) immigrant children (first and second generation) who began kindergarten in the U.S. in 1998-99. Results indicated that children of European immigrants scored significantly higher in reading and math than children of Caribbean and Hispanic immigrants. Children of European immigrants scored lower in math than children of East Asian immigrants, but did not differ from this group in reading. Consistent with hypotheses, varying levels of parent involvement among racial-ethnic immigrant parents partially accounted for racial-ethnic gaps in achievement. Further, racial-ethnic differences in parent involvement were partially accounted for by differences in parental resources to be involved. Implications for research and practice are discussed."--Abstract from author supplied metadata.

Author: Allen C. Israel
Publisher: Routledge
ISBN: 1000198367
Category : Psychology
Languages : en
Pages : 988

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Book Description
Abnormal Child and Adolescent Psychology is a comprehensive introduction to the field. It covers theoretical and methodological foundations and examines the characteristics, epidemiology, etiology, developmental course, assessment, and treatment of disorders of childhood and adolescence. At the heart of the text is the partnership of the developmental psychopathology perspective, which analyzes problems of youth within a developmental context, and a traditional clinical/disorder approach, which underscores the symptoms, causes, and treatments of disorders. Woven throughout the text is the view that behavior stems from the continuous interaction of multiple influences, that the problems of the young are intricately tied to their social and cultural contexts, and that empirical approaches and the scientific method provide the best avenue for understanding the complexity of human behavior. This edition explores the latest areas of research and tackles important contemporary topics, including: how to best classify and diagnose problems the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework the roles of genetics and early brain development and their interaction with the environment the complex roles of family and peers; sex/gender; and culture, ethnicity, and race in psychopathology progress in early intervention and prevention improvements in accessibility and dissemination of evidence-based treatments social issues such as poverty, child maltreatment, substance use, bullying/victimization, and terrorism and war This edition also features a new full-color design and over 200 color figures, tables, and photos. The text is written in a clear and engaging style and is approachable for students with varying academic backgrounds and experiences. It is rich in case descriptions that allow students to examine problems through the lens of youth and their families. The "Accent" boxes foster discussion of current interest topics such as infant mental health, scientific evidence regarding vaccines and autism, suicidality in sexual minority youth, and the impact of stigmatization. The "Looking Forward" sections focus students’ attention on the central concepts to be addressed, while the "Looking Back" sections provide students with a synopsis of the chapter for further study and reflection. The text is also supplemented with online resources for students and instructors.