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Author: David Crystal Publisher: ISBN: 9780712350990 Category : Books Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Summary: English is spoken or written today by a third of the world's population - an unprecedented achievement for a language. How has this situation come about? And what happens to a language when it is used by so many? In this illustrated history David Crystal charts the development of the language from the earliest runic inscriptions in old English, through the emergence of a standard variety of English between 1400 and 1800, to the most modern forms of the language in 'concrete' and 'text' poetry. In telling the story he draws on examples from English in its various guises and uses from our everyday English to English in the workplace and English used as a medium of playful and literary expression. The regional and international varieties of English are also considered. This book shows us where language is now, where it has been, and perhaps most important of all where it is heading, for the new varieties of the language appearing in world literature and on the Internet show that this is a story which is by no means over.
Author: David Crystal Publisher: ISBN: 9780712350990 Category : Books Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Summary: English is spoken or written today by a third of the world's population - an unprecedented achievement for a language. How has this situation come about? And what happens to a language when it is used by so many? In this illustrated history David Crystal charts the development of the language from the earliest runic inscriptions in old English, through the emergence of a standard variety of English between 1400 and 1800, to the most modern forms of the language in 'concrete' and 'text' poetry. In telling the story he draws on examples from English in its various guises and uses from our everyday English to English in the workplace and English used as a medium of playful and literary expression. The regional and international varieties of English are also considered. This book shows us where language is now, where it has been, and perhaps most important of all where it is heading, for the new varieties of the language appearing in world literature and on the Internet show that this is a story which is by no means over.
Author: David Crystal Publisher: ISBN: 9780712350983 Category : Books Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Summary: English is spoken or written today by a third of the world's population - an unprecedented achievement for a language. How has this situation come about? And what happens to a language when it is used by so many? In this illustrated history David Crystal charts the development of the language from the earliest runic inscriptions in old English, through the emergence of a standard variety of English between 1400 and 1800, to the most modern forms of the language in 'concrete' and 'text' poetry. In telling the story he draws on examples from English in its various guises and uses | from our everyday English to English in the workplace and English used as a medium of playful and literary expression. The regional and international varieties of English are also considered. This book shows us where language is now, where it has been, and | perhaps most important of all | where it is heading, for the new varieties of the language appearing in world literature and on the Internet show that this is a story which is by no means over.
Author: Clive W. Earls Publisher: Springer ISBN: 1137543124 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 259
Book Description
English medium-of-instruction (EMI) is transforming modern-day universities across the globe, creating increasingly complex linguistic and intercultural realities which lecturers, students and decision-makers must negotiate. Teaching subject matter at higher-education level through the medium of English, in countries where English is neither an official nor national language (e.g. the Netherlands, Germany), is a highly complex phenomenon fraught with challenges and benefits. EMI programmes are capable of transforming domestic degree programmes into platforms of intercultural teaching and learning by infusing them with greater numbers of international faculty and students. Equally however, EMI programmes pose a socio-linguistic, -cultural and -economic challenge by institutionalising English at higher-education level within a country and displacing somewhat national and minority languages. This book, the first of its kind, provides an up-to-date and empirically-informed exploration of these salient themes in Europe, based on significant empirical data gathered and analysed on the German EMI context.
Author: David J. Peterson Publisher: Penguin Books ISBN: 0143126466 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 306
Book Description
From language creator David J. Peterson comes a creative gui de to language constructio, offering an overview of language creation, covering its history from Tolkien's creations and Klingon to today's thriving global community of conlangers. He provides the essential tools necessary for inventing and evolving new languages, using examples from a variety of languages including his own creations.
Author: Leslie Anne Hendra Publisher: Cambridge University Press ISBN: 9781108405034 Category : Foreign Language Study Languages : en Pages : 104
Book Description
EVOLVE is a six-level English course that gets students speaking with confidence. Drawing on insights from language teaching experts and real students, this Level 1 (CEFR A1) Student's Book A (Units 1-6) covers all skills and focuses on the most effective and efficient ways to make progress in English. Each unit in the book features Time to speak, a lesson where decision-making and problem-solving tasks enable speaking to thrive. Optional mobile phone activities help create personalized learning experiences.
Author: Nikola K. Kasabov Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1846283477 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 465
Book Description
This second edition of the must-read work in the field presents generic computational models and techniques that can be used for the development of evolving, adaptive modeling systems, as well as new trends including computational neuro-genetic modeling and quantum information processing related to evolving systems. New applications, such as autonomous robots, adaptive artificial life systems and adaptive decision support systems are also covered.
Author: Gretchen McCulloch Publisher: Penguin ISBN: 0735210942 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 337
Book Description
AN INSTANT NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER!! Named a Best Book of 2019 by TIME, Amazon, and The Washington Post A Wired Must-Read Book of Summer “Gretchen McCulloch is the internet’s favorite linguist, and this book is essential reading. Reading her work is like suddenly being able to see the matrix.” —Jonny Sun, author of everyone's a aliebn when ur a aliebn too Because Internet is for anyone who's ever puzzled over how to punctuate a text message or wondered where memes come from. It's the perfect book for understanding how the internet is changing the English language, why that's a good thing, and what our online interactions reveal about who we are. Language is humanity's most spectacular open-source project, and the internet is making our language change faster and in more interesting ways than ever before. Internet conversations are structured by the shape of our apps and platforms, from the grammar of status updates to the protocols of comments and @replies. Linguistically inventive online communities spread new slang and jargon with dizzying speed. What's more, social media is a vast laboratory of unedited, unfiltered words where we can watch language evolve in real time. Even the most absurd-looking slang has genuine patterns behind it. Internet linguist Gretchen McCulloch explores the deep forces that shape human language and influence the way we communicate with one another. She explains how your first social internet experience influences whether you prefer "LOL" or "lol," why ~sparkly tildes~ succeeded where centuries of proposals for irony punctuation had failed, what emoji have in common with physical gestures, and how the artfully disarrayed language of animal memes like lolcats and doggo made them more likely to spread.
Author: Sarah Buschfeld Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company ISBN: 9027269416 Category : Language Arts & Disciplines Languages : en Pages : 533
Book Description
This two-part volume provides a collection of 27 linguistic studies and contributions that shed light on the evolution of different Englishes world-wide (varieties, learner Englishes, dialects, creoles) from a broad spectrum of different perspectives, including both synchronic and diachronic approaches. What makes the volume unique is that it is the first-ever contribution to the field which includes a section exclusively commited towards testing, discussing and refining Schneider’s (2007) Dynamic Model against recent realities of English world-wide (Part 1). These realities include a wide variety of case studies ranging from regions (socio)linguistically as diverse as South Africa, the Phillipines, Cyprus or Germany. Part 2 goes beyond the Dynamic Model and offers both empirical and theoretical perspectives on the evolution of World Englishes. In doing so, it provides contributions with a theoretical focus on the topic as well as cross-varietal accounts; it sheds light on individual Englishes from different geographical regions and offers new perspectives on “old” varieties.
Author: Nikola Kasabov Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 144713740X Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 308
Book Description
Many methods and models have been proposed for solving difficult problems such as prediction, planning and knowledge discovery in application areas such as bioinformatics, speech and image analysis. Most, however, are designed to deal with static processes which will not change over time. Some processes - such as speech, biological information and brain signals - are not static, however, and in these cases different models need to be used which can trace, and adapt to, the changes in the processes in an incremental, on-line mode, and often in real time. This book presents generic computational models and techniques that can be used for the development of evolving, adaptive modelling systems. The models and techniques used are connectionist-based (as the evolving brain is a highly suitable paradigm) and, where possible, existing connectionist models have been used and extended. The first part of the book covers methods and techniques, and the second focuses on applications in bioinformatics, brain study, speech, image, and multimodal systems. It also includes an extensive bibliography and an extended glossary. Evolving Connectionist Systems is aimed at anyone who is interested in developing adaptive models and systems to solve challenging real world problems in computing science or engineering. It will also be of interest to researchers and students in life sciences who are interested in finding out how information science and intelligent information processing methods can be applied to their domains.
Author: David Crystal
Author: David Crystal
Author: David Crystal
Author: Clive W. Earls
Author: David J. Peterson
Author: Leslie Anne Hendra
Author: Nikola K. Kasabov
Author: Gretchen McCulloch
Author: Sarah Buschfeld
Author: David Crystal
Author: Nikola Kasabov