Evaluation of Water Consumption and Savings Achieved in Datacenters Through Air Side Economization PDF Download
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Author: Ravi Mishra Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 31
Book Description
Recent researches and a few facility owners have focused on eliminating the chiller plant altogether by implementing 'Evaporative Cooling', as an alternative or augmentation to compressor-based air conditioning since the energy consumption is dominated by the compressor work (around 41%) in the chiller plant. Because evaporative cooling systems consume water, when evaluating the energy savings potential of these systems, it is imperative to consider not just their impacts on electricity use, but also their impacts on water consumption as well since Joe Kava, Google's head of data center operations, was quoted as saying that water is the "big elephant in the room" for data center companies. The objective of this study was to calculate the savings achieved in water consumption when these evaporative cooling systems were completely or partially marginalized when the facility is strictly working in the Economizer mode also known as 'free cooling' considering other modes of cooling required only for a part of the time when outside temperature, humidity and pollutant level were unfavorable causing improper functioning and reliability issues. The analysis was done on ASHRAE climatic zones with the help of TMY-3 weather data.
Author: Ravi Mishra Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 31
Book Description
Recent researches and a few facility owners have focused on eliminating the chiller plant altogether by implementing 'Evaporative Cooling', as an alternative or augmentation to compressor-based air conditioning since the energy consumption is dominated by the compressor work (around 41%) in the chiller plant. Because evaporative cooling systems consume water, when evaluating the energy savings potential of these systems, it is imperative to consider not just their impacts on electricity use, but also their impacts on water consumption as well since Joe Kava, Google's head of data center operations, was quoted as saying that water is the "big elephant in the room" for data center companies. The objective of this study was to calculate the savings achieved in water consumption when these evaporative cooling systems were completely or partially marginalized when the facility is strictly working in the Economizer mode also known as 'free cooling' considering other modes of cooling required only for a part of the time when outside temperature, humidity and pollutant level were unfavorable causing improper functioning and reliability issues. The analysis was done on ASHRAE climatic zones with the help of TMY-3 weather data.
Author: Abhishek Guhe Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 60
Book Description
The skyrocketing growth in data centers, facilities that house information technology (IT) equipment for storage, management and distribution of data while striving for 24/7/365 operation with 100% up-time, has accounted for 1.3% of global energy use. A significant portion of data center energy is dedicated to removing the heat generated by IT equipment to maintain safe operating conditions and optimum computing performance. Energy efficient cooling of data center is of vital importance. One of the options for significantly cutting the cooling cost is the use of air side economization (ASE), Indirect evaporative cooling (IEC) and Direct evaporative cooling (DEC) without using expensive chilled-water systems or air-cooled CRAC units.The topology of a test bed modular data center (MDC) under consideration consists of an Information Technology (IT) module supported with a DEC and IEC module. MDC is a dynamic and complex environment with multiple mechanical and electrical control systems aimed at maintaining continuous operation of the data center. Highly nonlinear correlations, large number of constraints and multiple operating configurations make data center control a challenging research problem. In this study, a neural network model that adapts to the actual data center conditions using historical operating data and predicts the optimum configuration to reduce energy consumption is evaluated. In addition, the neural network model has the ability to learn from real time data collected from various data center sensors. When combined with a cooling unit, a predictive model that is fast and accurate in finding an optimal operating point for the modular data center unit can be implemented.In 2011, the Technical Committee (TC) 9.9 under American Society of Heating Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) expanded the operating envelope for data center thermal management in its Thermal guidelines for Data Processing environments, thus making it possible to operate IT equipment at higher server inlet temperatures and humidity and also switch to Indirect/Direct evaporative (I/DEC) and free cooling mode for increased number of hours per year. This study includes control strategies for operating I/DEC in tandem and also individually to achieve the target conditions for data center environment with minimum fluctuations in temperature and humidity. Staging of DEC for segmented cooling will provide flexibility in efficiently controlling temperature and humidity with significant water saving capability. Predictive cooling using weather forecast will counteract the start time delay of cooling modules avoiding ramping of unit due to unexpected weather conditions. The results show potential energy savings achievable through the proper implementation of control strategies and artificial neural network in operation of ASE, DEC and IEC of data center.
Author: Jun Dai Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461456029 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 196
Book Description
This book describes the use of free air cooling to improve the efficiency of, and cooling of, equipment for use in telecom infrastructures. Discussed at length is the cooling of communication installation rooms such as data centers or base stations, and this is intended as a valuable tool for the people designing and manufacturing key parts of communication networks. This book provides an introduction to current cooling methods used for energy reduction, and also compares present cooling methods in use in the field. The qualification methods and standard reliability assessments are reviewed, and their inability to assess the risks of free air cooling is discussed. The method of identifying the risks associated with free air cooling on equipment performance and reliability is introduced. A novel method of assessment for free air cooling is also proposed that utilizes prognostics and health management (PHM). This book also: Describes how the implementation of free air cooling can save energy for cooling within the telecommunications infrastructure. Analyzes the potential risks and failures of mechanisms possible in the implementation of free air cooling, which benefits manufacturers and equipment designers. Presents prognostics-based assessments to identify and mitigate the risks of telecommunications equipment under free air cooling conditions, which can provide the early warning of equipment failures at operation stage without disturbing the data centers' service. Optimum Cooling for Data Centers is an ideal book for researchers and engineers interested in designing and manufacturing equipment for use in telecom infrastructures.
Author: Hwaiyu Geng Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118937570 Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 720
Book Description
Provides the fundamentals, technologies, and best practices in designing, constructing and managing mission critical, energy efficient data centers Organizations in need of high-speed connectivity and nonstop systems operations depend upon data centers for a range of deployment solutions. A data center is a facility used to house computer systems and associated components, such as telecommunications and storage systems. It generally includes multiple power sources, redundant data communications connections, environmental controls (e.g., air conditioning, fire suppression) and security devices. With contributions from an international list of experts, The Data Center Handbook instructs readers to: Prepare strategic plan that includes location plan, site selection, roadmap and capacity planning Design and build "green" data centers, with mission critical and energy-efficient infrastructure Apply best practices to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions Apply IT technologies such as cloud and virtualization Manage data centers in order to sustain operations with minimum costs Prepare and practice disaster reovery and business continuity plan The book imparts essential knowledge needed to implement data center design and construction, apply IT technologies, and continually improve data center operations.
Author: Liquan Xie Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 1315764741 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 740
Book Description
Advanced Engineering and Technology contains 110 technical papers from the 2014 Annual Congress on Advanced Engineering and Technology (CAET 2014, Hong Kong, 19-20 April 2014, including the 4th Workshop on Applied Mechanics and Civil Engineering, AMCE 2014). The contributions focus on advanced theories and technologies related to building engineeri
Author: Divya Mani Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 54
Book Description
Ensuring that all the critical components like CPU's receive sufficient amount of flow as per their requirement is an vital importance in implementing air cooling for IT equipments. In addition to that the overall system resistance varies with the component location within the chassis. In this study, parametric improvement in chassis ducting system is made to counteract the effects of thermal shadowing in a open compute air cooled server in which a CPU thermally shadows the other. Commercially available computational fluid dynamics codes have permitted simulation of server models to predict efficiency of the servers with every changes made in the design and input variables. Initially this study discusses about the methodology that outlines experimental procedures and tests employed for generating data for calibration of a detailed server model generated using a commercially available CFD tool. The resulting experimentally-calibrated computational fluid dynamics model of the server is used to parametrize and improve the duct design and the location with the view of estimating the effect of airflow bypass on fan power consumption and CPU die temperatures. Improvements achieved are experimentally tested by prototyping the improved chassis using acrylic sheets and reported with reduced flow rates, flow speeds, fan power consumption and fan acoustic noise levels. Further, the study is extrapolated for evaluating the savings in total pumping power and flow rates in the layout of a traditional data center and highly-efficient data center working on air side economization. Savings in amount of water consumed by the layout and savings in number of computer room air conditioning(CRAC) units are also evaluated.
Author: Publisher: Ashrae ISBN: 9781936504602 Category : Data processing service centers Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
"Simplifies the absorption and use of the PUE metric and allows executives to gain understanding of the concepts surrounding PUE, while providing application knowledge and resources to those implementing and reporting data center metrics"--
Author: Mike Ebbers Publisher: IBM Redbooks ISBN: 073845012X Category : Computers Languages : en Pages : 138
Book Description
As we move towards becoming a smarter planet and the world becomes more instrumented, interconnected, and intelligent, the demands for data center resources are increasing rapidly. Smaller and more densely packed servers providing greater amounts of computing power can substantially increase power and cooling needs, while growing data volumes necessitate larger storage and network bandwidth capacities. Environmental and regulatory requirements can introduce additional limits on carbon emissions and water consumption. To satisfy these demands while keeping costs in check, our data centers need to be smarter as well. Comprehensive views of data center inventories, operational and environmental conditions, and consumption across multiple capacity types that span both facilities and IT are required. You can achieve greater efficiency using hardware, software, services, and design both in facilities and IT, but you need a comprehensive data center strategy to tie them together and thus obtain a complete picture of your data center environments. This IBM® RedpaperTM publication discusses important considerations when creating and implementing your smarter data center strategy. Notable techniques, best practices, and technological advances that can become critical components of success are included, along with methods for bringing them together to gain in-depth knowledge of data center operations. With such insight comes increased resiliency, rapid responsiveness, profitable access to detailed analytics, and reliable planning for the future. Although not all-inclusive, this document provides a guide to getting started, points you to additional sources of information, and suggests ways IBM can partner with you in your pursuit of a smarter data center.
Author: Ravi Mishra
Author: Ravi Mishra
Author: Abhishek Guhe
Author: Jun Dai
Author: Hwaiyu Geng
Author: Liquan Xie
Author: Divya Mani
Author: 
Author: Marilyn Jackson
Author: 
Author: Mike Ebbers