Evaluation of Sorghum Genotypes for Variation in Canopy Temperature and Drought Tolerance PDF Download
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Author: Raymond Ngao Mutava Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is the fifth most economically important cereal crop grown worldwide and adapted to a wide range of climatic conditions. Drought stress has been ranked as one of the most significant causes of crop yield loss with its effects on yield and yield components. Conservative water use by plants is one of the strategies that can be used as a drought coping mechanism. The slow wilting trait has been associated with conservative water use and has been found in some sorghum genotypes. The purpose of this study was to use canopy temperature to screen for drought tolerance in sorghum, evaluate water use efficiency for slow wilting sorghum genotypes and determine variability in root morphology and response to drought among sorghum genotypes. Canopy temperature studies were conducted under field conditions using infrared (IR) sensors while water use efficiency and root studies were conducted under greenhouse conditions. Our results showed a distinct separation in canopy temperature among genotypes under field conditions at 2:00 pm to 6:00 pm. Midday canopy temperature depression (CTD) was positively correlated to yield (R2 = 0.19) and harvest index (R2 = 0.11). CTD was also stable for all the genotypes during the period from 1:00 pm to 7:00 pm. There was a negative correlation between CTD and crop water stress index (CWSI) (R2 = 0.34) and a positive one between canopy temperature and CWSI (R2 = 0.50). Evaluation of genotypes for water use efficiency revealed significant variability among sorghum genotypes in the amount of water used (10.48 - 13.52 kg) and transpiration efficiency (TE) (2.64 - 7.11 g kg−1) among genotypes. Slow wilting genotypes were high in TE. Rooting depth increased for some genotypes under drought stress with genotype SC1124 recording the largest increase (180%). Total root length for some genotypes increased by 11 - 113% with genotypes SC224 and SC1019 recording the greatest increase. There was a positive correlation between water used and root length (R2 = 0.21). These results show that there is potential for selection of drought tolerance in sorghum and that genotypes with the slow wilting traits are efficient in water use.
Author: Raymond Ngao Mutava Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) is the fifth most economically important cereal crop grown worldwide and adapted to a wide range of climatic conditions. Drought stress has been ranked as one of the most significant causes of crop yield loss with its effects on yield and yield components. Conservative water use by plants is one of the strategies that can be used as a drought coping mechanism. The slow wilting trait has been associated with conservative water use and has been found in some sorghum genotypes. The purpose of this study was to use canopy temperature to screen for drought tolerance in sorghum, evaluate water use efficiency for slow wilting sorghum genotypes and determine variability in root morphology and response to drought among sorghum genotypes. Canopy temperature studies were conducted under field conditions using infrared (IR) sensors while water use efficiency and root studies were conducted under greenhouse conditions. Our results showed a distinct separation in canopy temperature among genotypes under field conditions at 2:00 pm to 6:00 pm. Midday canopy temperature depression (CTD) was positively correlated to yield (R2 = 0.19) and harvest index (R2 = 0.11). CTD was also stable for all the genotypes during the period from 1:00 pm to 7:00 pm. There was a negative correlation between CTD and crop water stress index (CWSI) (R2 = 0.34) and a positive one between canopy temperature and CWSI (R2 = 0.50). Evaluation of genotypes for water use efficiency revealed significant variability among sorghum genotypes in the amount of water used (10.48 - 13.52 kg) and transpiration efficiency (TE) (2.64 - 7.11 g kg−1) among genotypes. Slow wilting genotypes were high in TE. Rooting depth increased for some genotypes under drought stress with genotype SC1124 recording the largest increase (180%). Total root length for some genotypes increased by 11 - 113% with genotypes SC224 and SC1019 recording the greatest increase. There was a positive correlation between water used and root length (R2 = 0.21). These results show that there is potential for selection of drought tolerance in sorghum and that genotypes with the slow wilting traits are efficient in water use.
Author: Malik Muhammad Khan Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing ISBN: 9783847343400 Category : Languages : en Pages : 80
Book Description
Drought is the most common adverse environmental condition that can seriously reduce crop productivity. Increasing crop resistance to drought stress would be the most economical approach to improve agricultural productivity and to reduce agricultural use of fresh water resources. As a result, understanding the drought tolerance and breeding for drought resistant crop plants has been the major goal of plant breeders. Sorghum is well-known for its capacity to tolerate conditions of limited moisture and to produce during periods of extended drought. Twenty sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) genotypes with known drought tolerance traits were used in this study. The present study will be conducted to evaluate the genetic variability for drought tolerance in sorghum genotypes at molecular level.
Author: Gabrijel Ondrasek Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand ISBN: 178984780X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 222
Book Description
Drought (hydrological, meteorological, and/or agronomical) disturbs water balance in certain domains and limits green/blue water resources for our basic needs, including food and energy production. This book presents the most recent insights related to drought types, their detection, and their effects on food, energy, and municipal water supplies. It also examines some novel approaches to drought management.
Author: Vilas A. Tonapi Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 9811582491 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 932
Book Description
Sorghum is the most important cereal crop grown in the semi-arid tropics (SAT) of Africa, Asia, Australia and Americas for food, feed, fodder and fuel. It is the fifth most important cereal crop globally after rice, wheat, maize and barley, and plays a major role in global food security. Sorghum is consumed in different forms for various end-uses. Its grain is mostly used directly for food purposes. After the release of the proceedings of two international symposia in the form of books “Sorghum in Seventies” and “Sorghum in Eighties”, global sorghum research and development have not been documented at one place. Of course, few books on sorghum have been released that focus on specific issues/research areas, but comprehensive review of all aspects of recent development in different areas of sorghum science has not been compiled in the form a single book. This book is intended to fill in a void to bridge the gap by documenting all aspects of recent research and development in sorghum encompassing all the progress made, milestones achieved across globe in genetic diversity assessment, crop improvement and production, strategies for high yield, biotic and abiotic stress resistance, grain and stover quality aspects, storage, nutrition, health and industrial applications, biotechnological applications to increase production, including regional and global policy perspectives and developmental needs. This book will be an institutional effort to compile all the latest information generated in research and development in sorghum across the globe at one place.
Author: Imran ul Haq Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 100096972X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 395
Book Description
Increasing human population pressure, especially in developing countries, indicates a massive increase in the consumption of livestock products. Fodder crops are the primary and cheapest source of feed for livestock, but feed shortages or poor-quality fodder are particular constraints to the world's livestock sector. These shortages affect milk production, adult and calf health, calving rates, and livestock numbers. Summer crops including cereal, legume, grass, and tree fodder, provide an economical source of nutrients suitable for animal health as well as improve their breeding efficiency. Sustainable Summer Fodder: Production, Challenges, and Prospects presents the unique opportunities and difficulties of supportable cultivation and growth of summer fodder crops and the various methods for enabling crop preservation. It details conventional modern approaches to sustainable production and advanced molecular approaches to develop high-yielding fodder crops. FEATURES * Contains information on cultivation, growth, productivity, and protection from pests and diseases of various summer fodder crops * Presents approaches to sustainable production, summarizes fodder preservation methods; and details molecular approaches to develop high-yielding fodder crops * Provides insights into agronomic aspects of cereal, legume, grass, and tree species cultivated as summer fodder worldwide * Discusses the trends in insect pests and diseases, their field identification, and various control methods This book is an essential resource for agronomists, horticulturalists, livestock farmers and practitioners, and students working in the field.
Author: Yunmin Chen Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 3642044603 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 944
Book Description
"Advances in Environmental Geotechnics" presents the latest developments in this interdisciplinary field. The topics covered include basic and advanced theories for modeling of geoenvironmental phenomena, testing and monitoring for geoenvironmental engineering, municipal solid wastes and landfill engineering, sludge and dredged soils, geotechnical reuse of industrial wastes, contaminated land and remediation technology, applications of geosynthetics in geoenvironmental engineering, geoenvironmental risk assessment, management and sustainability, ecological techniques and case histories. This proceedings includes papers authored by core members of ISSMGE TC5 (International Society of Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering---Environmental Geotechnics) and geoenvironmental researchers from more than 20 countries and regions. It is a valuable reference for geoenvironmental and geotechnical engineers as well as civil engineers. Yunmin Chen, Xiaowu Tang, and Liangtong Zhan are Professors at the Department of Civil Engineering of Zhejiang University, China.
Author: Raymond Ngao Mutava
Author: Raymond Ngao Mutava
Author: Malik Muhammad Khan
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Author: Gabrijel Ondrasek
Author: Vilas A. Tonapi
Author: Imran ul Haq![Evaluation and Selection of 20 Sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench] Genotypes for Drought Tolerance PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/PlHtZwEACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
Author: Thifhindulwi Jeremiah Malala
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