Author: Braden C. Troyer Publisher: ISBN: Category : Forage plants Languages : en Pages : 86
Book Description
Field peas are widely grown in the panhandle of Nebraska; however, markets quickly become saturated. A two year experiment was conducted comparing field peas to dry distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) as a protein supplement. The objective was to establish a price producers could pay for field peas relative to DDGS. There was a significant difference in ADG due to type of supplement (P = 0.02). Field pea supplemented heifers had 10% lower ADG compared to DDGS supplemented heifers. Economically, this means if DDGS is priced at or $124.58/ 909 kg DM a producer could pay $2.89/ 27 kg, for field peas. Variable sources of grazed forages are used in cattle backgrounding systems, but in most systems metabolizable protein (MP) is limiting and rumen undegradable protein (RUP) supplement can meet this deficiency. The first objective was to determine if RUP is limiting and the second objective was to determine if highly digestible forages with rapid passage rate allow some rumen degradable protein (RDP) to bypass the rumen. A pooled analysis of growing cattle grazing forages demonstrated that average daily gain (ADG) increased with increased RUP supplement received, with the exception of animals grazing forages that were 17% crude protein (CP) or greater. A metabolism study evaluating high and low quality forages showed lower intakes and digestibility values for the lower quality forages. Rapid liquid passage rates suggest some degradable protein could be leaving the rumen before degradation. Numerous digestibility markers were used to evaluate markers in forage based diets.
Author: Hannah L. Greenwell Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 102
Book Description
The value of field peas (FP) as a feedstuff has not been thoroughly assessed and compared to other feeds, such as corn, to better establish an economic value. Field peas are characterized by a high CP content (23-26%), a large portion (80%) being rumen degradable protein (RDP), and containing almost a third less starch (31-40%) than corn. Three research trials were performed to better understand the value of FP as a grazing supplement, finishing diet component, and any effects on digestion. Experiment 1 assessed the value of FP as a grazing supplement compared to corn. Grazing was followed by a finishing period with or without FP inclusion at 20% (DM basis). Cattle supplemented FP on pasture had greater ending BW and ADG than those cattle that were not supplemented and lower gains than those cattle supplemented a mixture of DRC, solubles and urea. Finishing performance and carcass characteristics were similar across treatments other than those cattle that were not supplemented on pasture experienced compensatory gain during finishing through increased ADG and G:F. Two digestion trials were conducted to compare FP to corn in high forage diets and to assess rumen undegradable protein (RUP) of FP. In Exp. 1 cattle were fed either a high (HQ) or low quality (LQ) forage with no supplement (CON), supplemented with FP (PEAS), or supplemented with dry-rolled corn, solubles, urea mixture (CORN) at 0.43% of BW (DM basis). Field peas increased DMI, DM digestibility, OMI, OM digestibility, and NDF digestibility when measured at 24 hours in situ. Feeding FP resulted in VFA concentrations similar to the CON treatment. In Exp. 2, FP were ruminally and duodenally incubated to evaluate RUP content and digestibility. Results show that the specific field peas that were evaluated ranged in CP content from 22 – 26.5% with an RUP content that was significantly affected by rumen incubation duration. As rumen incubation time increased, RUP content decreased. Digestibility of RUP of FP ranged from 97.4 – 98.9%. These studies suggest that if appropriately priced, FP would be a viable option for grazing supplementation or inclusion in finishing diets.
Author: Jamie Kunkel Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
In many pasture and rangeland scenarios, low-quality forages (6-8% CP) are the primary energy source for some portion of the year. At these times, energy is typically the first limiting nutrient to the ruminant. Low-quality forages are generally not limited in availability; however, the high cell wall content and reduced levels of CP prevent ruminants from being able to extract the harvested energy. Without provision of supplemental nutrients, the available energy may be inadequate to meet performance expectations. Protein supplementation during periods of inadequate forage quality has been observed to alleviate ruminal nitrogen deficiencies and increase forage utilization. Increased forage utilization translates into greater energy extraction allowing for increased animal performance. The first trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of utilizing non-protein nitrogen (a slow-release urea compared to urea) on intake and digestion of beef steers consuming low-quality bermudagrass hay. Steers were provided ad libitum access to a low-quality bermudagrass hay (7.3 % CP and were ruminally dosed once daily with either urea or slow-release urea (SRU) at levels to provide 0, 64, 128, or 192 mg of N/kg of initial BW per day. Additionally, steers were supplemented with glycerol at levels of 0 or 0.1% of initial BW per day. Total OMI and forage OMI (FOMI) increased quadratically (P
Author: Braden C. Troyer
Author: Hannah L. Greenwell
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Author: Jamie Kunkel
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