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Author: Khaled Ksaibati Publisher: ISBN: Category : Pavements, Asphalt Languages : en Pages : 134
Book Description
This report examines the feasibility of using the thermal stress restrained specimen test to evaluate low temperature cracking in asphalt pavement mixes. Data were collected from laboratory and field evaluations. Various mixing, aging, and compaction methods were used to prepare test samples with materials obtained from two Wyoming Department of Transportation (WYDOT) highway projects. Field data were obtained from two recently built test sections and compared with laboratory test results. Pavement condition surveys quantified low temperature cracking of both test sections after one winter. Temperature data for the project sites also were collected. Pavement condition and temperature data were compared to results from the thermal stress restrained specimen test. The thermal stress restrained specimen test was effective in testing asphalt pavement mixes. However, test results indicated that lab prepared samples did not closely simulate field samples. Also, comparisons of lab results with field conditions were performed. However, it is recommended that a more comprehensive analysis be performed after test sections have been in service for a few years.
Author: Khaled Ksaibati Publisher: ISBN: Category : Pavements, Asphalt Languages : en Pages : 134
Book Description
This report examines the feasibility of using the thermal stress restrained specimen test to evaluate low temperature cracking in asphalt pavement mixes. Data were collected from laboratory and field evaluations. Various mixing, aging, and compaction methods were used to prepare test samples with materials obtained from two Wyoming Department of Transportation (WYDOT) highway projects. Field data were obtained from two recently built test sections and compared with laboratory test results. Pavement condition surveys quantified low temperature cracking of both test sections after one winter. Temperature data for the project sites also were collected. Pavement condition and temperature data were compared to results from the thermal stress restrained specimen test. The thermal stress restrained specimen test was effective in testing asphalt pavement mixes. However, test results indicated that lab prepared samples did not closely simulate field samples. Also, comparisons of lab results with field conditions were performed. However, it is recommended that a more comprehensive analysis be performed after test sections have been in service for a few years.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 240
Book Description
Government spends a lot of money on the reconstruction and rehabilitation of road pavements in any given year due to various distresses and eventual failure. Low temperature (thermal) cracking, one of the main types of pavement distress, contributes partly to this economic loss, and comes about as a result of accumulated tensile strains exceeding the threshold tensile strain capacity of the pavement. This pavement distress leads to a drastic reduction of the pavement's service life and performance. In this study, the severity of low temperature (thermal) cracking on road pavements selected across the Province of Ontario and its predicted time to failure was assessed using the AASTHO Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) and AASHTOWARE (TM) software, with inputs such as creep compliance and tensile strength from laboratory test. Highway 400, K1, K2, Y1, Sasobit, Rediset LQ, and Rediset WMX were predicted to have a pavement in-service life above 15 years. Additionally, the rheological performance of the recovered asphalt binders was assessed using Superpave (TM) tests such as the dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) and bending beam rheometer (BBR). Further tests using modified standard protocols such as the extended bending beam rheometer (eBBR) (LS-308) test method and double-edge notched tension (DENT) test (LS-299) were employed to evaluate the failure properties associated with in service performance. The various rheological tests showed K1 to be the least susceptible to low temperature cracking compared to the remaining samples whiles Highway 24 will be highly susceptible to low temperature cracking. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis was performed on the recovered asphalt binders to determine the presence of metals such as zinc (Zn) and molybdenum (Mo) believed to originate from waste engine oil, which is often added to asphalt binders. Finally, the severity of oxidative aging (hardening) of the recovered asphalt binders was also evaluated using the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to determine the abundance of functional groups such as the carbonyl (CO) and sulfoxide (SO). Functional groups such as styrene and butadiene were also evaluated to determine the polymer modifier content in recovered asphalt binders.
Author: D. H. Jung Publisher: National Research Council ISBN: Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 124
Book Description
This report describes the thermal stress restrained specimen test (TSRST), which was selected to evaluate the low-temperature cracking resistance of asphalt concrete mixtures. The TSRST system includes a load frame, step-motor-driven load ram, data acquisition hardware and software, temperature controller, and specimen alignment stand. An experiment design that considered a range of mixture and test condition variables was developed to evaluate the suitability of TSRST for characterizing low-temperature cracking resistance of asphalt concrete mixtures. Four asphalts and two aggregates were selected for the experiment. The mixture variables included asphalt type, aggregate type, and air voids content; the test condition variables included specimen size, stress relaxation, aging, and cooling rate.
Author: Donald W. Christensen Publisher: Transportation Research Board ISBN: 0309088089 Category : Pavements, Asphalt Languages : en Pages : 62
Book Description
Introduction and Research Approach -- Findings -- Interpretation, Appraisal, and Applications -- Conclusions and Recommendations -- References -- Appendixes.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 211
Book Description
Papers presented at this session include: temperature distributions in asphalt pavements (himeno, k, watanabe, t and maruyama, t); transient effects in low temperature induced failure and fracture initiation in a pavement structure (selvadurai, aps, phang, wa and au, mc); cold climate performance of canadian airport pavements (haas, r, lee, h and meyer, f); applications of a method for evaluation of low temperature tensile properties of asphalt concrete (anderson, ko and leung, sc); evaluation of bearing capacity of asphalt pavement with low-temperature transverse cracking (kasahara, a and yoshida, h); laboratory investigations of low temperature cracking susceptibility of asphalt concrete (janoo, vc and chamberlain, ej); results of laboratory tests on amir compacted asphalt slabs (abd el halim, ao, mshana, g and sithole, v). for the covering abstract of the conference see irrd 807037.
Author: A. Scarpas Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9400745664 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 1340
Book Description
In the recent past, new materials, laboratory and in-situ testing methods and construction techniques have been introduced. In addition, modern computational techniques such as the finite element method enable the utilization of sophisticated constitutive models for realistic model-based predictions of the response of pavements. The 7th RILEM International Conference on Cracking of Pavements provided an international forum for the exchange of ideas, information and knowledge amongst experts involved in computational analysis, material production, experimental characterization, design and construction of pavements. All submitted contributions were subjected to an exhaustive refereed peer review procedure by the Scientific Committee, the Editors and a large group of international experts in the topic. On the basis of their recommendations, 129 contributions which best suited the goals and the objectives of the Conference were chosen for presentation and inclusion in the Proceedings. The strong message that emanates from the accepted contributions is that, by accounting for the idiosyncrasies of the response of pavement engineering materials, modern sophisticated constitutive models in combination with new experimental material characterization and construction techniques provide a powerful arsenal for understanding and designing against the mechanisms and the processes causing cracking and pavement response deterioration. As such they enable the adoption of truly "mechanistic" design methodologies. The papers represent the following topics: Laboratory evaluation of asphalt concrete cracking potential; Pavement cracking detection; Field investigation of pavement cracking; Pavement cracking modeling response, crack analysis and damage prediction; Performance of concrete pavements and white toppings; Fatigue cracking and damage characterization of asphalt concrete; Evaluation of the effectiveness of asphalt concrete modification; Crack growth parameters and mechanisms; Evaluation, quantification and modeling of asphalt healing properties; Reinforcement and interlayer systems for crack mitigation; Thermal and low temperature cracking of pavements; and Cracking propensity of WMA and recycled asphalts.
Author: Sang Soo Kim Publisher: ISBN: Category : Pavements, Asphalt concrete Languages : en Pages : 108
Book Description
The current means of evaluating the low temperature cracking resistance of HMA relies on extensive test methods that require assumptions about material behaviors and the use of complicated loading equipment. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a simple test method to directly measure the cracking resistance of hot mix asphalt under field-like conditions. A ring shape asphalt concrete cracking device (ACCD) was developed. ACCD utilizes the low thermal expansion coefficient of Invar steel to induce tensile stresses in a HMA sample as temperature is lowered. The results of the tests of the notched ring shaped specimens compacted around an ACCD Invar ring showed good repeatability with less than 1.0°C (1.8°F) standard deviation in cracking temperature. A laboratory validation indicated that ACCD results of five mixes correlate well with thermal stress restrained specimen test (TSRST) results with the coefficient of determination , r2 = 0.86. To prepare a sample and complete TSRST measurement, it takes minimum 2-3 days. For ACCD, two samples can be easily prepared and tested in a single day with a small test set-up. The capacity of ACCD can be increased easily with minimal cost to accommodate a larger number of samples. Among factors affecting the low temperature performance of HMA, the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of aggregate has been overlooked for years. A composite model of HMA is proposed to describe the low temperature cracking phenomenon. Due to the orthotropic and composite nature of asphalt pavement contraction during cooling, the effects of aggregate CTE is amplified up to 18 times for a typical HMA. Of 14 Ohio aggregates studied, the maximum and the minimum CTEs are 11.4 and 4.0 x 10-6/°C, respectively. During cooling, the contraction of Ohio aggregate with high CTE can double the thermal strain of asphalt binders in the asphalt mix and may cause asphalt pavement thermal cracking at warmer temperature.
Author: Timothy Aschenbrener Publisher: ISBN: Category : Pavements, Asphalt concrete Languages : en Pages : 98
Book Description
A study was performed to determine the influence of material properties on the thermal cracking performance of hot mix asphalt (HMA), and to determine the ability to predict thermal cracking from pavements of known field performance. The testing device used to measure the HMA properties was the thermal-stress, restrained-specimen test (TSRST), and the device used to measure the binder properties was the bending beam rheometer (BBR). The laboratory study was conducted to determine the variability of test results as an influence of 1) asphalt cement stiffness, 2) asphalt cement quantity, 3) mixes with various aggregate qualities, 4) aging, and 5) the presence of hydrated lime. The influence of the asphalt cement stiffness was the single largest factor that controlled the test results.
Author: Khaled Ksaibati
Author: Khaled Ksaibati
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Author: 
Author: D. H. Jung
Author: Donald W. Christensen
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Author: A. Scarpas
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Author: Sang Soo Kim
Author: Timothy Aschenbrener