Evaluation of Isotopically Exchangeable Zinc in Heavy Metal Polluted Soils PDF Download

Author: William Edward Diesing
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 106

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Author: William Edward Diesing (III.)
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 110

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Author: Brian J. Alloway
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 9400744706
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 615

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Book Description
This third edition of the book has been completely re-written, providing a wider scope and enhanced coverage. It covers the general principles of the natural occurrence, pollution sources, chemical analysis, soil chemical behaviour and soil-plant-animal relationships of heavy metals and metalloids, followed by a detailed coverage of 21 individual elements, including: antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, gold, lead, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, selenium, silver, thallium, tin, tungsten, uranium, vanadium and zinc. The book is highly relevant for those involved in environmental science, soil science, geochemistry, agronomy, environmental health, and environmental engineering, including specialists responsible for the management and clean-up of contaminated land.

Author: Zongling Ren
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 0

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The elevated heavy metal contamination in soils has given rise to the accurate assessment of the availability and mobility of heavy metals and the development of remediation strategies. In this study, soi! column-Donnan membrane technique (SC-DMT) and diffusive gradients in thin¬films gels (DGT) were used to measure the concentration and speciation of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in eighteen soil solutions, covering a wide range of metal sources (natural and anthropogenic) and concentrations. The availability of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn in nine contaminated soils was evaluated by combining chemical extractions with multi-elementary stable isotopic dilution (ID) method. The isotopically exchangeable pool and the operationally defined pool determined by chemical extractions were then compared to probe the relationships between metal availabilities and their bearing phases. The mufti-surface model was used to assess the rote of the major soil components (organic matter, clay, iron hydroxides, and manganese hydroxides) in controlling metal availability. The combination of analytical approaches and speciation modeling can provide mutual validation and a more comprehensive picture of the availability of metals. In our work, model calculation generally provided an adequate prediction of metal speciation in soi! solution and solid phase, and it can be a promising tool to decipher the underlying mechanisms of the differences in metal availabilities in soils.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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Land contaminated with heavy metals such as Cd and Zn can be remediated using a number of different approaches. Many of these strategies are very expensive (e. g. removal and disposal of the soil, covering the soil with uncontaminated soil, extraction with acids or chelates) whilst others provide only short term solutions (e. g. reduction of metal bioavailability by liming or adding organic matter). An alternative approach is the use of hyperaccumulator plants to remove the heavy metals. Phytoremediation, as this process is known, is an attractive method for remediation of contaminated land since it is relatively inexpensive and has the potential through the appropriate selection of plant species to be effective. However, there are many factors that need to be considered for phytoremediation, perhaps the most important is the bioavailability of metals from different component or functional pools within the soil. The bioavailability of heavy metals has been assessed through a variety of approaches, with extraction using chemicals being the most common. Another approach is the isotopic exchange method which has been regularly used for estimating the bioavailable P in soil. This technique relies on the assumption that isotopically exchangeable P is available to a growing plant and yields the so called E-value for a soil. In past studies, particularly in highly P fixing soils, the E-value has been shown to overestimate the soil available P. To overcome this a second procedure based on the measurement of isotope uptake by a plant growing on a spiked soil has been proposed and yields the so called L-value. As well as P, this method has been applied to Ni and only very recently to Cd and Zn using radioisotopes. In the present work, stable isotopes are used for the first time to measure the Cd and Zn available for plant uptake using isotopic exchange principles based on the E and L-values using a contaminated (Great Billings) and a non-contaminated (Countesswells) soil. The.

Author: Jaco Vangronsveld
Publisher: Springer
ISBN:
Category : Nature
Languages : en
Pages : 288

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An unfortunate by-product of industrialization is the contamination of soil and water resources with toxic metals, which becomes an environmental concern when the concentration in soils begins to affect human health. Current remediation methods applicable to contaminated soils are expensive and environmentally invasive since they are based primarily on civil-engineering techniques. This book represents an overview of efforts in exploiting biological and chemical processes to reduce the inherent risk associated with metal-contaminated soils. It presents a comprehensive, up-to-date analysis of in situ immobilization and inactivation of toxic metals by means of plants, microorganisms and invertebrates.

Author: Pan Ming Huang
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1439803048
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 2249

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An evolving, living organic/inorganic covering, soil is in dynamic equilibrium with the atmosphere above, the biosphere within, and the geology below. It acts as an anchor for roots, a purveyor of water and nutrients, a residence for a vast community of microorganisms and animals, a sanitizer of the environment, and a source of raw materials for co

Author: Jaume Bech
Publisher: Academic Press
ISBN: 0128097299
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 522

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Assessment, Restoration and Reclamation of Mining Influenced Soils covers processes operating in the environment as a result of mining activity, including the whole spectra of negative effects of anthropopressure and the environment, from changes in soil chemistry, changes in soil physical properties, geomechanical disturbances, and mine water discharges. Mining activity and its waste are an environmental concern. Knowledge of the fate of potentially harmful elements and their effect on plants and the food chain, and ultimately on human health, is still being understood. Therefore, there is a need for better knowledge on the origin, distribution, and management of mine waste on a global level. This book provides information on hazard assessment and remediation of the disturbed environment, including stabilization of contaminated soils and phytoremediation, and will help scientists and public authorities formulate answers to the daily challenges related to the restoration of contaminated land. - Provides a thorough overview of the processes operating on mining-devastated areas, as well as origin, distribution, and deactivation of harmful elements - Includes outcomes and recommendations of the Global Mining Initiative that are widely regarded as the code of conduct in the minerals industry - Contains global case studies that elucidate various aspects of assessment and restoration of mine-contaminated land

Author: I.K. Iskandar
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9781420026269
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 320

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Book Description
Written by a multidisciplinary group of scientists from around the globe Environmental Restoration of Metals-Contaminated Soils provides a summary of the current environmental remediation technology. Topics include: Physical-Chemical processes for in situ remediation by adding amendments for stabilization The mechanics of metal retention and release from soils Chemical remediation method for soil contaminated with CD and Pb The effect of soil pH on the distribution of metals among soil fractions Physical and electrical separation methods for soil remediation Relationship between the phytoavailability and the extractability of heavy metals An overview on environmental restoration of Se-contaminated soils Trace elements in the soil-plant system under tropical environment The process of metal removal by chelation using amino acids The effects of natural zeolelite and bentonite on the phytoavailability of heavy metals Metal uptake by agricultural crops from sewage-sludge treated soils In many cases an integrated approach to the remediation of metals contaminated soil yields the best results. Environmental Restoration of Metals-Contaminated Soils explores the emerging issues of the biogeochemistry of trace elements in the environment and provides an approach combining elements from biology, geochemistry, hydrology, and soil physics and chemistry.

Author: Peter Hooda
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
ISBN: 1444319485
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 616

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Trace elements occur naturally in soils and some are essential nutrients for plant growth as well as human and animal health. However, at elevated levels, all trace elements become potentially toxic. Anthropogenic input of trace elements into the natural environment therefore poses a range of ecological and health problems. As a result of their persistence and potential toxicity, trace elements continue to receive widespread scientific and legislative attention. Trace Elements in Soils reviews the latest research in the field, providing a comprehensive overview of the chemistry, analysis, fate and regulation of trace elements in soils, as well as remediation strategies for contaminated soil. The book is divided into four sections: • Basic principles, processes, sampling and analytical aspects: presents an overview including general soil chemistry, soil sampling, analysis, fractionation and speciation. • Long-term issues, impacts and predictive modelling: reviews major sources of metal inputs, the impact on soil ecology, trace element deficient soils and chemical speciation modelling. • Bioavailability, risk assessment and remediation: discusses bioavailability, regulatory limits and cleanup technology for contaminated soils including phytoremediation and trace element immobilization. • Characteristics and behaviour of individual elements Written as an authoritative guide for scientists working in soil science, geochemistry, environmental science and analytical chemistry, the book is also a valuable resource for professionals involved in land management, environmental planning, protection and regulation.