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Author: Candace Brakewood Publisher: ISBN: Category : Choice of transportation Languages : en Pages : 153
Book Description
Public transit agencies often struggle with service reliability issues; when a bus or train does not arrive on time, passengers become frustrated and may be less likely to choose transit for future trips. To address reliability problems, transit authorities increasingly provide real-time vehicle location and arrival information to riders via web enabled and mobile devices. Although prior studies have found several benefits of offering this information to passengers, researchers have had difficulty determining if real-time information affects ridership levels. Therefore, the objective of this dissertation is to quantify the impact of real-time information on public transit ridership. Statistical and econometric methods were used to analyze passenger behavior in three American cities that share a common real-time information platform: New York City, Tampa, and Atlanta. New York City was the setting for a natural experiment in which real-time bus information was gradually launched on a borough-by-borough basis over a three year period. Panel regression techniques were used to evaluate route-level bus ridership while controlling for changes in transit service, fares, local socioeconomic conditions, weather, and other factors. In Tampa, a behavioral experiment was performed with a before-after control group design in which access to real-time bus information was the treatment variable and web-based surveys measured behavior changes over a three month period. In Atlanta, a methodology to combine smart card fare collection data with web-based survey responses was developed to quantify changes in transit travel of individual riders in a before-after study. In summary, each study utilized different data sources and quantitative methods to assess changes in transit ridership. The results varied between cities and suggest that the impact of real-time information on transit travel is greatest in locations that have high levels of transit service. These findings have immediate implications for decision-makers at transit agencies, who often face pressure to increase ridership with limited resources.
Author: Candace Brakewood Publisher: ISBN: Category : Choice of transportation Languages : en Pages : 153
Book Description
Public transit agencies often struggle with service reliability issues; when a bus or train does not arrive on time, passengers become frustrated and may be less likely to choose transit for future trips. To address reliability problems, transit authorities increasingly provide real-time vehicle location and arrival information to riders via web enabled and mobile devices. Although prior studies have found several benefits of offering this information to passengers, researchers have had difficulty determining if real-time information affects ridership levels. Therefore, the objective of this dissertation is to quantify the impact of real-time information on public transit ridership. Statistical and econometric methods were used to analyze passenger behavior in three American cities that share a common real-time information platform: New York City, Tampa, and Atlanta. New York City was the setting for a natural experiment in which real-time bus information was gradually launched on a borough-by-borough basis over a three year period. Panel regression techniques were used to evaluate route-level bus ridership while controlling for changes in transit service, fares, local socioeconomic conditions, weather, and other factors. In Tampa, a behavioral experiment was performed with a before-after control group design in which access to real-time bus information was the treatment variable and web-based surveys measured behavior changes over a three month period. In Atlanta, a methodology to combine smart card fare collection data with web-based survey responses was developed to quantify changes in transit travel of individual riders in a before-after study. In summary, each study utilized different data sources and quantitative methods to assess changes in transit ridership. The results varied between cities and suggest that the impact of real-time information on transit travel is greatest in locations that have high levels of transit service. These findings have immediate implications for decision-makers at transit agencies, who often face pressure to increase ridership with limited resources.
Author: Katherine F. Turnbull Publisher: ISBN: Category : Automobile parking Languages : en Pages : 88
Book Description
The traveler response to transit information and promotion varies widely, both in extent and duration of ridership gains. Results are influenced by the utility and quality of the transit service product being marketed, by external circumstances, and by the type of promotion. While all types of transit information and promotion activities may help raise awareness of public transportation services, increases in ridership are most likely to occur within specific populations as the result of targeted programs--especially individualized efforts designed on the basis of market research findings, delineating particular needs and opportunities. A subset of transit marketing, namely transit information and promotion, is the focus of this chapter. Traveler response to mass market information, mass market promotions, targeted information, targeted promotions, customer information services, and real-time transit information dissemination are examined. This chapter, Chapter 11, will be of interest to transit marketing staff and general managers, as well as strategic planners, educators, and researchers.
Author: Xavier Harmony Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The purpose of this project was to evaluate and strategize the implementation of real-time transit information systems (RTTISs) through an examination of information supply and demand. Information supply and demand are defined as the attitudes and experiences of transit passengers and transit agencies, respectively, with real-time information. To gain an understanding of trends and patterns regarding RTTISs, web surveys were developed for both stakeholder groups and distributed through convenience sampling methods. For information supply, the most valued types of information were found to be information about the location of the vehicle while the least valued information relates to other information about the vehicle itself, like seating availability. In terms of media preferences, smartphone applications were found to be the preferred medium for receiving information with Internet/websites and dynamic message signs following in second and third place. The way information is displayed depends on the purpose of the information as well as how it is presented. Finally, it was found that different demographic and socioeconomic groups can influence preferences for real-time information. The information demand survey found that approximately 69 percent of agencies offer real-time information. The provision of information was found to be influenced by agency characteristics. The primary constraints for providing real-time information were found to be similar to what was found in the real-time information literature. Funding is the largest issue while staffing needs are the second largest. Finally, although real-time information literature mentions the importance of providing information for the differently-abled, the survey found differently-abled user requirements were one of the least important factors influencing the implementation of RTTISs. A comparison between the surveys found that the information currently being provided by transit agencies is mostly similar to the information most valued by transit passengers. When there were differences between supply and demand it was generally because agencies were not providing information using the same media preferred by. To address these differences, several strategies were developed to try and improve the implementation of real-time information. These include improving public outreach, improving feedback for commuters, providing different cost tiers for information, utilizing alternative sources for the information, and creating passive income through advertising on smartphone applications and websites. Through these findings and strategies, real-time transit information can be better understood. This information can hopefully be used to better develop and prioritize investment in real-time information systems.
Author: Charles River Associates Publisher: Transportation Research Board ISBN: 9780309062527 Category : Transportation Languages : en Pages : 168
Book Description
Addresses transit's ridership and its share of the travel market. The research explored a variety of different public policies and transit management actions that can potentially influence transit ridership, particularly in comparison to local travel by private vehicle.
Author: Aaron Isaac Gooze Publisher: ISBN: Category : Local transit Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
When presented in a practical format, real-time transit information can improve sustainable travel methods by enhancing the transit experience. Larger shifts towards public transportation have cascading effects on the environment, health and urban form. The research will identify the positive shift realized by the continued development of a set of real-time transit information tools, specifically in the Seattle region. In addition, it will analyze real-time prediction errors and their effects on the rider experience. Three years after the development of location-aware mobile applications for OneBusAway - a suite of real-time information tools - a survey of current users was conducted by the author in 2012 in order to compare the results to a 2009 study. The results show significant positive shifts in satisfaction with transit, perceptions of safety and ridership frequency as a result of the increased use of real-time arrival information. However, the research will also provide a perspective of the margin of error riders come to expect and the negative effects resulting from inaccuracies with the real-time data. While riders on average will ride less when they have experienced errors, a robust issue-reporting system as well as the resolution of the error can mitigate the initial negative effects. In response, the research provides a framework for a crowd-sourced error reporting process in order to improve the level of accuracy by means of a Transit Ambassador Program. Finally, a pilot program developed by the author is assessed against this framework and insight is provided within the context of the real-time information system.
Author: Division on Earth and Life Studies Publisher: ISBN: 9780309087612 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
As of 2021, atmospheric carbon dioxide levels have reached historically unprecedented levels, higher than at any time in the past 800,000 years. Worldwide efforts to reduce emissions by creating a more efficient, carbon-free energy system may not be enough to stabilize the climate and avoid the worst impacts of climate change. Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) strategies, which remove and sequester carbon from the atmosphere, likely will be needed to meet global climate goals. The ocean, covering 70% of the Earth's surface, includes much of the global capacity for natural carbon sequestration; the ocean also holds great potential for uptake and longerterm sequestration of human-produced CO2. This report builds on previous work from the National Academies to assess what is currently known about the benefits, risks, and potential for responsible scale-up of six specific ocean-based CDR strategies as identified by the sponsor, ClimateWorks Foundation. It describes the research needed to advance understanding of those approaches and address knowledge gaps. The resulting research agenda is meant to provide an improved and unbiased knowledge base for the public, stakeholders, and policymakers to make informed decisions on the next steps for ocean CDR, as part of a larger climate mitigation strategy; it is not meant to lock in or advocate for any particular approach.
Author: Candace Brakewood
Author: Candace Brakewood
Author: Katherine F. Turnbull
Author: NGSS.
Author: Xavier Harmony
Author: Transit Cooperative Research Program
Author: Charles River Associates
Author: Mark D. Hickman
Author: Athanasios Ziliaskopoulos
Author: Aaron Isaac Gooze
Author: Division on Earth and Life Studies