Evaluating Energy-based Trait Shifts and Population Level Impacts of Big Brown Bats (Eptesicus Fuscus) with Long-term Exposure to Pseudogymnoascus Destructans PDF Download
Are you looking for read ebook online? Search for your book and save it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Download Evaluating Energy-based Trait Shifts and Population Level Impacts of Big Brown Bats (Eptesicus Fuscus) with Long-term Exposure to Pseudogymnoascus Destructans PDF full book. Access full book title Evaluating Energy-based Trait Shifts and Population Level Impacts of Big Brown Bats (Eptesicus Fuscus) with Long-term Exposure to Pseudogymnoascus Destructans by Molly C. Simonis. Download full books in PDF and EPUB format.
Author: Molly C. Simonis Publisher: ISBN: Category : Biology Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Disturbances in environment can lead to a wide range of host physiological responses. These responses can either allow hosts to adjust to new conditions in their environment or can reduce their survival, and can subsequently cause host traits to shift. Small mammals are particularly vulnerable to stochastic disturbances, like a pathogen introduction, because of their high energy demands. Studies examining host responses to pathogens often focus on species highly susceptible to infection that typically have high mortality rates, leading to a gap in understanding the responses of less susceptible species. My dissertation evaluates the energy balance of Eptesicus fuscus (big brown bats), a species considered less susceptible to the introduced fungal pathogen Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd) which causes white-nose syndrome in North American hibernating bats. I quantified changes in body mass, energy expenditures and the abundance of E. fuscus over long-term Pd exposure time. Using 30 years of data for 24,129 individual E. fuscus captures across the eastern US, I found E. fuscus body mass decreased with increasing latitude once Pd was established on the landscape (5+ years). When measuring whole-animal energy expenditures of 19 E. fuscus in lab settings using open-flow respirometry, I found that E. fuscus with long-term exposure to Pd have increases or no change to torpid metabolic rates across a wide range of ambient temperatures. Finally, the overall abundance of E. fuscus increased with Pd exposure, and lactating and post-lactating bats increased abundance with increasing latitude in the eastern US. Taken together, these results suggest that E. fuscus may have a combination of pathogen and intraspecific competitive pressures impacting their populations, particularly in northern latitudes. This dissertation highlights how introduced pathogens can cause spatially variable responses in less susceptible hosts over time, and other ecological pressures may contribute to those responses. Future efforts for understanding the degree of persistence of less susceptible wildlife host populations are critical for predicting how and why their populations change following emerging infectious disease outbreaks and epidemics.
Author: Molly C. Simonis Publisher: ISBN: Category : Biology Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Disturbances in environment can lead to a wide range of host physiological responses. These responses can either allow hosts to adjust to new conditions in their environment or can reduce their survival, and can subsequently cause host traits to shift. Small mammals are particularly vulnerable to stochastic disturbances, like a pathogen introduction, because of their high energy demands. Studies examining host responses to pathogens often focus on species highly susceptible to infection that typically have high mortality rates, leading to a gap in understanding the responses of less susceptible species. My dissertation evaluates the energy balance of Eptesicus fuscus (big brown bats), a species considered less susceptible to the introduced fungal pathogen Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd) which causes white-nose syndrome in North American hibernating bats. I quantified changes in body mass, energy expenditures and the abundance of E. fuscus over long-term Pd exposure time. Using 30 years of data for 24,129 individual E. fuscus captures across the eastern US, I found E. fuscus body mass decreased with increasing latitude once Pd was established on the landscape (5+ years). When measuring whole-animal energy expenditures of 19 E. fuscus in lab settings using open-flow respirometry, I found that E. fuscus with long-term exposure to Pd have increases or no change to torpid metabolic rates across a wide range of ambient temperatures. Finally, the overall abundance of E. fuscus increased with Pd exposure, and lactating and post-lactating bats increased abundance with increasing latitude in the eastern US. Taken together, these results suggest that E. fuscus may have a combination of pathogen and intraspecific competitive pressures impacting their populations, particularly in northern latitudes. This dissertation highlights how introduced pathogens can cause spatially variable responses in less susceptible hosts over time, and other ecological pressures may contribute to those responses. Future efforts for understanding the degree of persistence of less susceptible wildlife host populations are critical for predicting how and why their populations change following emerging infectious disease outbreaks and epidemics.
Author: Christian C. Voigt Publisher: Springer ISBN: 3319252208 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 601
Book Description
This book focuses on central themes related to the conservation of bats. It details their response to land-use change and management practices, intensified urbanization and roost disturbance and loss. Increasing interactions between humans and bats as a result of hunting, disease relationships, occupation of human dwellings, and conflict over fruit crops are explored in depth. Finally, contributors highlight the roles that taxonomy, conservation networks and conservation psychology have to play in conserving this imperilled but vital taxon. With over 1300 species, bats are the second largest order of mammals, yet as the Anthropocene dawns, bat populations around the world are in decline. Greater understanding of the anthropogenic drivers of this decline and exploration of possible mitigation measures are urgently needed if we are to retain global bat diversity in the coming decades. This book brings together teams of international experts to provide a global review of current understanding and recommend directions for future research and mitigation.
Author: Christopher Seth Richardson Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 530
Book Description
Abstract: I examined regulatory nonshivering thermogenesis (NST), basal metabolic rate (BMR), and plasma levels of thyroid hormone (T3), leptin and cortisol in the big brown bat, Eptesicus fuscus, at seven maternity colonies in Massachusetts (MA) (northern population) and two maternity colonies in Alabama (AL)/Georgia (GA) (southern population) in 1997 and 1998 to test the hypothesis that these traits vary geographically. After accounting for effects of body mass and stage of pregnancy and within-population variation, I found that bats from the northern population did not differ significantly from those in the southern population for NST, BMR, T3, leptin and cortisol. For all traits, except for cortisol, the test for differences among all colonies from both populations was significant. For NST, colonies did not differ significantly within MA, whereas bats from the AL colony tended to have greater NST than all other colonies of bats examined. For BMR, colonies differed significantly within MA, whereas bats from the AL colony had significantly greater BMR than those from the GA colony. Moreover, the AL colony tended to have greater BMR than all other colonies of bats examined. For T3, leptin and cortisol, colonies did not differ significantly within MA, whereas bats from the AL colony had significantly greater T3, lower leptin and lower cortisol than those in the GA colony. Additionally, bats from the AL colony tended to have greater T3, lower leptin and lower cortisol than all other colonies. Thus, for NST, BMR, T3, leptin and cortisol, most or all of the variation among colonies cannot be explained by differences between populations (i.e., macro-geographic variation). Clearly, the absence of any predicted population differences along a clinal (adaptive) direction rules out evolutionary adaptations of bats to different thermal environments as the primary reason for differences among colonies for NST, BMR and their hormone correlates. However, the clear presence of among-colony, and within-population variation (i.e., micro-geographic) for these traits, suggests that environmental factors (acting recently) may play an important role in shaping the observed intra-specific variation in NST and BMR. Additionally, inter-individual variation and seasonal and sex differences were found for NST, BMR and the hormones.
Author: Jorge Ortega Publisher: Springer ISBN: 331938953X Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 296
Book Description
This book provides new insights into the social behavior of bats - one of the most fascinating topics currently being pursued by researchers. After an introduction reviewing the history of research in bat behavioral ecology, it covers three major themes: bat sociality per se (Part I), bat communication (Part II), and ecological aspects (Part III). Part I offers a concise overview of the social organization and systems of bats, introducing readers to the complexity and dynamics of group structures. Part II is devoted to the innovative field of social communication, focusing on bat songs, dialects and calls. Part III discusses the influence of the environment on bat behavior, particularly with regard to roosting and foraging. This book addresses the needs of researchers working in behavioral sciences, evolution and ecology.
Author: Rick A. Adams Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1461473977 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 549
Book Description
Recent advances in the study of bats have changed the way we understand this illusive group of mammals. This volume consist of 25 chapters and 57 authors from around the globe all writing on the most recent finding on the evolution, ecology and conservation of bats. The chapters in this book are not intended to be exhaustive literature reviews, but instead extended manuscripts that bring new and fresh perspectives. Many chapters consist of previously unpublished data and are repetitive of new insights and understanding in bat evolution, ecology and conservation. All chapters were peer-reviewed and revised by the authors. Many of the chapters are multi-authored to provide comprehensive and authoritative coverage of the topics.
Author: John D. Altringham Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 0199207119 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 349
Book Description
Bats are highly charismatic and popular animals that are not only fascinating in their own right, but illustrate most of the topical and important concepts and issues in mammalian biology. This book covers the key aspects of bat biology, including evolution, flight, echolocation, hibernation, reproduction, feeding and roosting ecology, social behaviour, migration, population and community ecology, biogeography, and conservation. This new edition is fully updated and greatly expanded throughout, maintaining the depth and scientific rigour of the first edition. It is written with infectious enthusiasm, and beautifully illustrated with drawings and colour photographs.
Author: Michael J. Lacki Publisher: JHU Press ISBN: 0801884993 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 350
Book Description
Although bats are often thought of as cave dwellers, many species depend on forests for all or part of the year. Of the 45 species of bats in North America, more than half depend on forests, using the bark of trees, tree cavities, or canopy foliage as roosting sites. Over the past two decades it has become increasingly clear that bat conservation and management are strongly linked to the health of forests within their range. Initially driven by concern for endangered species—the Indiana bat, for example—forest ecologists, timber managers, government agencies, and conservation organizations have been altering management plans and silvicultural practices to better accommodate bat species. Bats in Forests presents the work of a variety of experts who address many aspects of the ecology and conservation of bats. The chapter authors describe bat behavior, including the selection of roosts, foraging patterns, and seasonal migration as they relate to forests. They also discuss forest management and its influence on bat habitat. Both public lands and privately owned forests are considered, as well as techniques for monitoring bat populations and activity. The important role bats play in the ecology of forests—from control of insects to nutrient recycling—is revealed by a number of authors. Bat ecologists, bat conservationists, forest ecologists, and forest managers will find in this book an indispensable synthesis of the topics that concern them.
Author: Molly C. Simonis
Author: Molly C. Simonis
Author: Christian C. Voigt
Author: Christopher Seth Richardson
Author: Joseph Andrew Teramino
Author: Jorge Ortega
Author: Rick A. Adams![The Effects of Urbanization on Habitat Use by the Big Brown Bat, Eptesicus Fuscus [microform] PDF](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/pcL6NAEACAAJ?fife=w80-h100)
Author: Judy (Judith Frances) Geggie
Author: Donald W. Thomas
Author: John D. Altringham
Author: Michael J. Lacki