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Author: Stephan Pietge Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 3638699668 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 93
Book Description
Bachelor Thesis from the year 2003 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 1.0 (A), Edinburgh Napier University (Business School), 200 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: For several decades academics have been looking for an efficient performance measure, which not only reflects the effectiveness and efficiency of the firm, but also aligns manager′s and shareholder′s interests. Even though many studies question the merit of a single measure for overall firm performance, Stern and Stewart claim to have solved the puzzle with a method labeled Economic Value Added (EVA). This paper examines two aspects: First, EVA′s predicting power regarding stock returns and second, its impact on management behavior as an element of executive compensation. At first glance, Stern and Stewart seem to be right. During the early 1990s their approach gained tremendous popularity, reflected by dozens of anecdotal success stories. Though EVA′s demand of integrating a total capital charge is appealing, the concept is by no means new. The framework of residual income (economic profit), which has been around for decades, also requires a charge for equity capital. Further, some scholars criticize the use of accounting adjustments in order to calculate EVA and its ability to capture performance at the divisional level. So far there is no independent empirical evidence that EVA is superior to accounting measures in predicting stock returns. Some studies even question EVA′s incremental value regarding executive compensation by stating that economic profit is doing as good a job. Consequently, it is tempting to doubt that Economic Value Added indeed adds any value.
Author: Stephan Pietge Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 3638216802 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 86
Book Description
Bachelor Thesis from the year 2003 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 1.0 (A), Edinburgh Napier University (Business School), language: English, abstract: For several decades academics have been looking for an efficient performance measure, which not only reflects the effectiveness and efficiency of the firm, but also aligns manager′s and shareholder′s interests. Even though many studies question the merit of a single measure for overall firm performance, Stern and Stewart claim to have solved the puzzle with a method labeled Economic Value Added (EVA). This paper examines two aspects: First, EVA′s predicting power regarding stock returns and second, its impact on management behavior as an element of executive compensation. At first glance, Stern and Stewart seem to be right. During the early 1990s their approach gained tremendous popularity, reflected by dozens of anecdotal success stories. Though EVA′s demand of integrating a total capital charge is appealing, the concept is by no means new. The framework of residual income (economic profit), which has been around for decades, also requires a charge for equity capital. Further, some scholars criticize the use of accounting adjustments in order to calculate EVA and its ability to capture performance at the divisional level. So far there is no independent empirical evidence that EVA is superior to accounting measures in predicting stock returns. Some studies even question EVA′s incremental value regarding executive compensation by stating that economic profit is doing as good a job. Consequently, it is tempting to doubt that Economic Value Added indeed adds any value.
Author: Alina Ignatiuk Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 3640312066 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 20
Book Description
Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: A, St. Mary's University San Antonio, Texas, language: English, abstract: In this paper these issues will be discussed: •the main purpose and functions of the financial performance management and how it is related to the problem of shareholders value creation, company growth and managers decision making process and management motivation; •the appropriate measures of management performance from the shareholders point of view; •contradictions or goal incongruence between shareholders, management and company long-term growth.
Author: Joel M. Stern Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 9780471478898 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 260
Book Description
Economic Value Added - das EVA-Konzept - wurde von der Beratungsfirma Stern Stewart & Co. entwickelt. Es ist ein effektiver Maßstab zur Messung der finanziellen Performance eines Unternehmens und ist eng mit dem Shareholder-Value-Ansatz verbunden. Darüber hinaus kann mit Hilfe von EVA -Berechnungen auch eine Unternehmensbewertung durchgeführt werden; ein positiver EVA-Wert bedeutet einen Wertzuwachs, ein negativer hingegen einen Wertverlust. "The EVA Challenge" erläutert, wie man EVA implementiert - angefangen bei der Schulung von Angestellten bis hin zur Beantwortung und Lösung der häufigsten Implementierungsfragen und -probleme, denen Unternehmen begegnen. Diskutiert wird komplett neues Material zu 'real options', 'leveraged stock options' und anderen wichtigen Finanzkonzepte für Unternehmen der New und der Old Economy. Mit zahlreichen Fallbeispielen aus der Unternehmenspraxis.
Author: Dirian El Amine Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 3656405069 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 34
Book Description
Project Report from the year 2011 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 1,5, University of Cooperative Education Stuttgart; Horb, language: English, abstract: From the contemporary dominance of the shareholder value approach arises more and more the necessity to precisely detect its performance as shareholder value is broadly seen as a significant indicator determining a company’s success or failure. However, measuring the performance of a company’s shareholder value can be very challenging. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to deal with a well-known approach that enables businesses to detect its shareholder value performance: Economic Value Added (EVA). The thesis discusses the correlation between EVA and shareholder value, it further outlines its main drivers. In the second part, the paper elaborates on the specific links of the EVA approach to a regional Sales department and identifies the department’s main leverages on EVA. In order to detect the influence of the main operative decisions on EVA, the thesis introduces the key figure Effect-on-EVA. The applicability of Effect-on-EVA is shown in a model calculation. Above all, this project thesis shall create a profound practical value by sharpening the awareness of how to influence EVA in a positive way. In order to meet the recommended scope, the paper does not elaborate Asset Management, Accounts Receivable Management and Incentive Compensation in detail, but strives to point out the respective links to EVA.
Author: Bennett Stewart Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 1118645316 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 357
Book Description
Best-Practice EVA tells the new EVA story from the ground up. Stewart covers EVA essentials—the classic economic profit version of EVA—in the first three chapters of the book. He shows readers how simple and intuitive EVA really is, how it is defined, and why it is better than all other measures of corporate profit. You discover how it naturally guides managers into making all the right decisions—the ones that will truly maximize value. You see how to use it in profit-sharing bonus plans that create the powerful incentives of an owner. Later, Stewart introduces new ratios that make EVA much more powerful and much easier to use than ever before. The pinnacle of the new ratio framework is EVA Momentum, calculated by taking the change in EVA versus the prior period, and dividing by the revenues in the prior period. It measures the growth rate in EVA, scaled to the sales size of the business. It is the only corporate performance ratio where bigger always is better, because it gets bigger when EVA does, which means it should be every company's most important financial goal, the one ratio metric that everyone aims to maximize as the key measure of corporate success. Stewart then walks through the nuts and bolts of Best-Practice EVA, kicking off with an in-depth look at EVA Margin, or EVA as a percent of sales. It’s a key productivity metric, and Stewart’s candidate to replace ROI. The last link in the Best-Practice program is PRVit—the EVA market score report. Stewart shows how to read and interpret the report, how the score is determined, and why investors are turning to it to screen and rate stocks. He also shows why it is finding a home with CFOs and IR directors who want insights into how the market is pricing their stock. The book concludes with battle-tested tips from the firing line, practical suggestions for how you can test drive and adopt Best-Practice EVA at your company.
Author: Anne-Kristin Rademacher Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 3656419965 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 37
Book Description
Research Paper (undergraduate) from the year 2012 in the subject Business economics - Controlling, grade: 1,7, University of Applied Sciences Essen, language: English, abstract: Creation of shareholder value; this simple idea has become a principle of corporate governance over the past fifty years (Lazonick et al, 2000). Managers shall maximize the value of their business by efficiently allocating resources and hence increase the wealth of shareholders (Worthington et al, 2001). The operationalization of this objective is done by various indicators. Shareholders, managers and other interested parties strongly follow these in order to assess business and predict future performance. EVA is one of these indicators. The following paper presents the concept and measurement behind the trademark EVA. It is practically applied for the company Fresenius in a simplified way. Theoretical and practical analyses reveal strengths and weaknesses of measurement and concept. In general it can be said that EVA is one approach to identify value creation and degrading. The concept can be used for investment decisions as well as performance appraisal. Main disadvantage has been identified to be a high degree of complexity in order to derive the true EVA. If adjustments are not made the measurement appears to be similar to other residual income indicators.
Author: Jennifer Carpenter Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 1475751923 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 159
Book Description
Executive compensation has gained widespread public attention in recent years, with the pay of top U.S. executives reaching unprecedented levels compared either with past levels, with the remuneration of top executives in other countries, or with the wages and salaries of typical employees. The extraordinary levels of executive compensation have been achieved at a time when U.S. public companies have realized substantial gains in stock market value. Many have cited this as evidence that U.S. executive compensation works well, rewarding managers who make difficult decisions that lead to higher shareholder values, while others have argued that the overly generous salaries and benefits bear little relation to company performance. Recent conceptual and empirical research permits for the first time a truly rigorous debate on these and related issues, which is the subject of this volume.
Author: CMA(Dr.) Ashok Panigrahi Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The Economic Value Added (EVA) is the difference between the firm's after-tax return on capital and its cost of capital. It has received a good amount of interest in recent years.Description - Traditional approaches for measuring "Shareholders' Value Creation" have used parameters such as earnings capitalization, market capitalization and the present value of estimated future cash flows. Extensive equity research has now established that it is not earnings per se, but Value which is important. A new measure called "Economic Value Added" (EVA), developed by Stern Stewart & Company, is increasingly being applied to understand and evaluate financial performance. In its simplest form, the EVA is the difference between the firm's after-tax return on capital and its cost of capital.EVA has received a good amount of interest in recent years. The main distinction between EVA and Net Profits, as reported in the P&L statement, is that "Net Profits" does not make an adjustment for the equity capital used. So a company, while making accounting profits, might still be destroying value from a shareholder perspective when the returns are lower in relation to the capital used. By incorporating the cost of equity, EVA claims to measure the amount by which profits exceed or fall short of the capital.
Author: Arne Wolter Publisher: GRIN Verlag ISBN: 3638110311 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 92
Book Description
Diploma Thesis from the year 2000 in the subject Business economics - Banking, Stock Exchanges, Insurance, Accounting, grade: 1,0 (A), Technical University of Braunschweig (Department of Accounting/College of Business Administration), language: English, abstract: "The fundamental goal of all business is to maximize shareholder value." This statement has become commonplace not only in corporate America, but it is also the imperative statement of business around the world. A failure to seek to maximize shareholder value results in pressure from the board of directors and activist shareholders. The takeover movement of the latter half of the 1980s provided another powerful incentive for managers to focus on creating value. This is grounded on the fact that the only compelling takeover defense is to deliver superior shareholder value. Given the globalization of capital markets and their diminishing boundaries, economic systems will slowly run out of capital, if they are unable to create shareholder wealth and thereby attract investors. If economic systems are unable to provide superior or at least satisfying returns they will fall further and further behind in global competition and will lose employment opportunities. Thus, a value-based system grows in importance as capital becomes more mobile. Although shareholder value metrics and value-based management are widely known they are far from being universally applied. Years of restructuring and employee layoffs frequently attributed to shareholder value considerations coupled with self-interested management and shortsighted focus on current stock price has promoted frustration and uncertainty. Thus, it is critical to fully understand the shareholder value approach and its variants. Additionally, it is vital for the shareholder value approach that the objectives of the mangers and the company′s shareholders are aligned and focused on delivering superior shareholder value. The relationship between manager and stockholder can best be examined by the agency theory that studies the contract between agents (e.g. managers) and principals (e.g. stockholders).3 An overview of a holistic shareholder value and agency based compensation system is the topic of this paper.
Author: Al Ehrbar Publisher: John Wiley & Sons ISBN: 9780471298601 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 264
Book Description
EVA ("economic value added" - wirtschaftliche Wertschöpfung) ist eine Maßeinheit zur Ermittlung des echten Finanzergebnisses eines Unternehmens und eine Strategie zur Schaffung von Unternehmens- und Aktionärsvermögen. Das EVA-Prinzip besagt, daß ein Unternehmen kein Vermögen schafft, solange es nicht in der Lage ist, Gewinne einzufahren, die höher sind als die Kapitalkosten. EVA ist auch eine Methode, die Prioritäten innerhalb eines Unternehmens so zu gewichten, daß das Hauptaugenmerk auf der Schaffung von Vermögen liegt, und zwar zum Nutzen aller. Leicht verständlich geschrieben, mit zahlreichen Fallbeispielen bekannter Firmen und einem Minimum an Gleichungen und Finanzjargon. (11/98)
Author: Stephan Pietge
Author: Stephan Pietge
Author: Alina Ignatiuk
Author: Joel M. Stern
Author: Dirian El Amine
Author: Bennett Stewart
Author: Anne-Kristin Rademacher
Author: Jennifer Carpenter
Author: CMA(Dr.) Ashok Panigrahi
Author: Arne Wolter
Author: Al Ehrbar