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Author: Gordon L. Clark Publisher: ISBN: Category : Europe Languages : en Pages : 25
Book Description
The retirement of the baby boom generation is a profound threat to the structure and organisation of continental European retirement systems. Whereas the German financial system, for example, has been often favourably compared to the Anglo-American system of corporate governance, it is argued in some quarters that it will have to become far more quot;Americanquot; if current living standards are to be maintained. The paper begins by suggesting that these issues should be taken seriously by economic geographers; we have a distinctive perspective that should not be lost in the more general debate. Subsequently, the paper focuses on three threads or themes. Why the demographic crisis is a crisis not just a transition; why global finance is deeply implicated in any European solution to the demographic crisis, and; whether continental European countries will be able to maintain their inherited retirement income systems in the face of competition from the Anglo-American model. Unfunded social security benefits threaten the economic welfare of all citizens; those that will be retired and those that will continue working over the next 20 to 30 years. Proffered solutions tend to rely upon the market rather than the state, and tend to match or mimic Anglo-American financial practices. This does not mean that continental Europe need converge upon the Anglo-American system of finance and retirement income provision. But it does seem highly likely that continental European countries will seek solutions that draw upon aspects of this system. Rather than thinking of convergence to the Anglo-American model as the most likely outcome, and rather than thinking of continuity of difference between systems as a viable scenario, European countries will in some way or another be forced to seek accommodation with global finance. Whether continental Europe will be able to hold global finance at bay remains to be seen. Global finance may penetrate national economic and social systems far deeper than ever intended.
Author: Gordon L. Clark Publisher: ISBN: Category : Europe Languages : en Pages : 25
Book Description
The retirement of the baby boom generation is a profound threat to the structure and organisation of continental European retirement systems. Whereas the German financial system, for example, has been often favourably compared to the Anglo-American system of corporate governance, it is argued in some quarters that it will have to become far more quot;Americanquot; if current living standards are to be maintained. The paper begins by suggesting that these issues should be taken seriously by economic geographers; we have a distinctive perspective that should not be lost in the more general debate. Subsequently, the paper focuses on three threads or themes. Why the demographic crisis is a crisis not just a transition; why global finance is deeply implicated in any European solution to the demographic crisis, and; whether continental European countries will be able to maintain their inherited retirement income systems in the face of competition from the Anglo-American model. Unfunded social security benefits threaten the economic welfare of all citizens; those that will be retired and those that will continue working over the next 20 to 30 years. Proffered solutions tend to rely upon the market rather than the state, and tend to match or mimic Anglo-American financial practices. This does not mean that continental Europe need converge upon the Anglo-American system of finance and retirement income provision. But it does seem highly likely that continental European countries will seek solutions that draw upon aspects of this system. Rather than thinking of convergence to the Anglo-American model as the most likely outcome, and rather than thinking of continuity of difference between systems as a viable scenario, European countries will in some way or another be forced to seek accommodation with global finance. Whether continental Europe will be able to hold global finance at bay remains to be seen. Global finance may penetrate national economic and social systems far deeper than ever intended.
Author: Gordon L. Clark Publisher: Oxford University Press ISBN: 9780199253647 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 276
Book Description
The demographic & funding crisis that threatens European systems of pension & retirement income is the subject of this study. The book argues that state-sponsored social security will not deliver the promised retirement incomes for the baby-boom generation.
Author: Igor Guardiancich Publisher: Routledge ISBN: 0415688981 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 322
Book Description
This book traces and analyzes the legislation and implementation of pension reforms in four Central, Eastern and Southeastern European countries: Croatia, Hungary, Poland and Slovenia. By comparing the political economy of their policymaking processes, it seeks to pinpoint regularities between institutional settings, actor constellations, decision-making strategies and reform. Guardiancich employs a historical institutionalist framework to analyze the policies, actors and institutions that characterized the period between the collapse of socialism and the global financial crisis of 2008-2011. He argues that viable pension reforms should not be seen simply as an event, but rather as a continuing process that must be fiscally, socially and politically sustainable. In particular, the primary goal of a pension scheme is to reduce poverty, provide adequate retirement income and insure against the risks of old age within given fiscal constraints, and this will happen only if the scheme enjoys continuing political support at all levels. To this end the author individuates those institutional characteristics of countries that increase the consistency of reforms and lower the likelihood of policy reversals in time. Pension Reforms in Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe will be of interest to students and scholars of political science, political economy, social policy and economics.
Author: Stefania Amalia Jimon Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 303074454X Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 250
Book Description
The sustainability of public pension systems has become an important aspect for governments and institutions worldwide. This book addresses the multiple elements that influence the sustainability of pension systems with a special focus on central and eastern European countries. Supported by the results of econometric empirical studies, the authors discuss and analyse areas like social economy versus capitalist economy, globalization versus glocalization, population aging versus birth and fertility, emigration versus immigration, early retirement versus prolongation versus professional activity, the sustainability of public pension systems versus the adequacy of benefits provided, public pension systems compared to private pension funds and taxation of salary incomes versus subsidization of state social insurance.
Author: OECD Publisher: OECD Publishing ISBN: 9264876103 Category : Languages : en Pages : 224
Book Description
The 2019 edition of Pensions at a Glance highlights the pension reforms undertaken by OECD countries over the last two years. Moreover, two special chapters focus on non-standard work and pensions in OECD countries, take stock of different approaches to organising pensions for non-standard workers in the OECD, discuss why non-standard work raises pension issues and suggest how pension settings could be improved.
Author: Marta Peris-Ortiz Publisher: Springer Nature ISBN: 3030379124 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 487
Book Description
This book examines the major economic challenges associated with the sustainability of public pensions, specifically demographic change, labor-market relations, and risk sharing. The issue of public pensions occupies the political and economic agendas of many major governments in the world. International organizations such as the World Bank and the OECD warn that the economic changes driven by an aging society negatively affects the sustainability of pension systems. This book analyzes different global public pension systems to offer policies, methods and tools for sustainable public pensions. Real case studies from France, Sweden, Latin America, Algeria, USA and Mexico are featured.
Author: Gordon L. Clark Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA ISBN: 9780199253630 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 282
Book Description
This book explains the demographic and funding crises that threaten continental European systems of pension and retirement income. Based upon examination of pension provision in France, Germany, The Netherlands and the United Kingdom, the book argues that state-sponsored social security will not deliver promised retirement incomes for the baby-boom generation. The author considers the future of pensions and in particular the prospects for a Pan-European approach to retirement income provision.
Author: Richard Hinz Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 0821381601 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 300
Book Description
Countries around the world are increasingly relying on individual pension savings accounts to provide income in old age for their citizens. Although these funds have now been in place for several decades, their performance is usually measured using methods that are not meaningful in relation to this long-term objective. The recent global financial crisis has highlighted the need to develop better performance evaluation methods that are consistent with the retirement income objective of pension funds. Compiling research derived from a partnership among the World Bank, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and three private partners, 'Evaluating the Financial Performance of Pension Funds' discusses the theoretical basis and key implementation issues related to the design of performance benchmarks based on life-cycle savings and investment principles. The book begins with an evaluation of the financial performance of funded pension systems using the standard mean variance framework. It then provides a discussion of the limitations inherent to applying these methods to pension funds and outlines the many other issues that should be addressed in developing more useful and meaningful performance measures through the formulation of pension-specific benchmark portfolios. Practical implementation issues are addressed through empirical examples of how such benchmarks could be developed. The book concludes with commentary and observations from several noted pension experts about the need for a new approach to performance measurement and the impact of the recent global financial crisis on pension funds.
Author: John Grahl Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing ISBN: 1848449178 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 343
Book Description
'This book provides an excellent critical account of the relationship between global financial developments, the emergent European financial system, and the implications of the operation of these for the European social model and its future. The chapters carefully analyze the characteristics of current financial relationships and show how these impinge on a whole range of policy areas from employment and social protection thought to economic stability and retail financial markets. The book builds up a systematic picture of the pressures being experienced throughout European society as financial engineering has gathered pace, and provides telling suggestions as to how to combat the most threatening aspects of these developments for European policy makers. This book is a "must read" for anyone concerned about the possible consequences of recent tumultuous events that have shaken the global financial system.' – Grahame Thompson, The Open University, UK and Copenhagen Business School, Denmark With global finance reshaping the world economy, this insightful new book provides a full account of the EU's financial integration strategy, together with a critical assessment arguing the case for social control over global finance. Written by acknowledged experts in European finance, this book discusses key issues from finance to general social developments, encompassing social security systems, employment relations, household saving and borrowing, and the question of economic stability. Thus far, America has been pre-eminent both in global financial markets and international banking – so how should the European Union meet this challenge? Global Finance and Social Europe constructively argues that an active response is required and highlights the importance of an integrated European financial system. Aimed at an international audience, this book will strongly appeal to researchers, academics and readers who share an interest in European integration and global economic issues.
Author: Asli Demirguc-Kunt Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 1464812683 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 228
Book Description
In 2011 the World Bank—with funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation—launched the Global Findex database, the world's most comprehensive data set on how adults save, borrow, make payments, and manage risk. Drawing on survey data collected in collaboration with Gallup, Inc., the Global Findex database covers more than 140 economies around the world. The initial survey round was followed by a second one in 2014 and by a third in 2017. Compiled using nationally representative surveys of more than 150,000 adults age 15 and above in over 140 economies, The Global Findex Database 2017: Measuring Financial Inclusion and the Fintech Revolution includes updated indicators on access to and use of formal and informal financial services. It has additional data on the use of financial technology (or fintech), including the use of mobile phones and the Internet to conduct financial transactions. The data reveal opportunities to expand access to financial services among people who do not have an account—the unbanked—as well as to promote greater use of digital financial services among those who do have an account. The Global Findex database has become a mainstay of global efforts to promote financial inclusion. In addition to being widely cited by scholars and development practitioners, Global Findex data are used to track progress toward the World Bank goal of Universal Financial Access by 2020 and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The database, the full text of the report, and the underlying country-level data for all figures—along with the questionnaire, the survey methodology, and other relevant materials—are available at www.worldbank.org/globalfindex.
Author: Gordon L. Clark
Author: Gordon L. Clark
Author: Gordon L. Clark
Author: Igor Guardiancich
Author: Stefania Amalia Jimon
Author: OECD
Author: Marta Peris-Ortiz
Author: Gordon L. Clark
Author: Richard Hinz
Author: John Grahl
Author: Asli Demirguc-Kunt