Etude et implémentation d’un radar Ultra Large Bande pour la détection et la reconnaissance d’obstacles en milieu routier PDF Download

Author: Laïla Sakkila
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : fr
Pages : 118

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Book Description
Après avoir privilégié la puissance et le confort des véhicules, les constructeurs automobiles, au vu de l’augmentation du nombre d’accidents et de morts sur la route, sont maintenant attentifs à la sécurité. Ceci explique l’introduction de systèmes de sécurité intelligents, basés sur des capteurs chargés de la perception de l’environnement. Dans cette thèse, l’accent est mis sur l’aspect détection d’obstacles dans l’environnement proche du véhicule. Le capteur radar est un candidat idéal, car fonctionnant dans des conditions climatiques variées. La nouvelle technologie Ultra Large Bande (ULB) offre plusieurs avantages : détection d’obstacles performante, mesure de distances ou de positions avec une résolution remarquable, coût raisonnable. L’objectif de cette thèse est de concevoir un radar ULB pour détecter les obstacles à courte portée sur la route et en calculer la distance au véhicule avec une précision élevée. Dans cette optique, les formes d’ondes ULB sont étudiées et comparées avec comme critères l’adéquation à notre application et une réception simple, plus rapide et plus efficace. L’aspect multi-utilisateurs est abordé, pour minimiser les interférences. Les récepteurs adaptés au système sont étudiés et des algorithmes réduisant l’effet du bruit gaussien, basés sur les Statistiques d’Ordres Supérieurs (SOS), sont proposés et testés. Le radar permet également de reconnaître les obstacles détectés et d’éliminer ceux ne représentant pas de danger lors du suivi d’obstacles. Un prototype radar ULB est réalisé et validé et les Caractéristiques Opérationnelles du Récepteurs (COR) sont évaluées.

Author: James D. Taylor
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1420089870
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 528

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Book Description
Providing a practical review of the latest technology in the field, Ultrawideband Radar Applications and Design presents cutting-edge advances in theory, design, and practical applications of ultrawideband (UWB) radar. This book features contributions from an international team of experts to help readers learn about a wide range of UWB topics, including: History of the technology American and European governmental regulations and key definitions Nonsinusoidal wave propagation theory Random signal radar Object detection by ground permittivity measurements Large-target backscattering effects Medical applications Large current radiator antenna design Materials-penetrating theory Radar signal processing Weak-signal detection methods Holographic and real time radar imaging This book’s contributors use practical information to illustrate the latest theoretical developments and demonstrate UWB radar principles through case studies. Radar system engineers will find ideas for precision electronic sensing systems for use in medical, security, industrial, construction, and geophysical applications, as well as those used in archeological, forensic and transportation operations.

Author: James D. Taylor
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 131766308X
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 442

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Book Description
In 1995, James D. Taylor's Introduction to Ultra-Wideband Radar Systems introduced engineers to the theory behind a promising new concept for remote sensing. Since then, the field has undergone enormous growth with new applications realized and more applications conceptualized at a remarkable pace. However, understanding ultra-wideband (UWB) radar requires a new philosophical approach. Concepts such as radar cross section will have new meanings as range resolution becomes smaller than the target. Ultra-Wideband Radar Technology is a guide to the future of radar by an international team of experts. They present the problems, solutions, and examples of UWB radar remote sensing. Chapters discuss the theory and ideas for future systems development, and show the potential capabilities. The writers present concepts such as the differences between UWB and conventional radars, improving over-resolved target detection, receivers and waveforms, micropower systems, high power switching, and bistatic radar polarimetry. Finding comparable information elsewhere might require consulting hundreds of other books, technical journals, and symposium proceedings. Ultra-Wideband Radar Technology offers a unique opportunity to explore the theory, applications, and technology of UWB radar within a single source.

Author: James D. Taylor
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 1466586605
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 494

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Book Description
This book presents the latest theory, developments, and applications related to high resolution materials-penetrating sensor systems. An international team of expert researchers explains the problems and solutions for developing new techniques and applications. Subject areas include ultrawideband (UWB) signals propagation and scattering, materials-penetrating radar techniques for small object detection and imaging, biolocation using holographic techniques, tomography, medical applications, nondestructive testing methods, electronic warfare principles, through-the-wall radar propagation effects, and target identification through measuring the target return signal spectrum changes.

Author: Lev I︠U︡rʹevich Astanin
Publisher: IET
ISBN: 9780852968949
Category : Computers
Languages : en
Pages : 260

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Book Description
Fast response transistors for ultrawideband (UWB) radar systems and faster computers have prompted novel approaches to theoretical descriptions of such signal systems and solutions to conventional radar problems. According to Astanin (Baltic Technical U., St. Petersburg) and Kostylev (Mozhaisky Military Academy of Space Engineering), UWB has entered a third wave of research interest this decade: the first being tracking of a radar target, and the next, steady oscillation transmission. After introducing definitional, modeling, and measurement issues, they probe target scattering, target responses, UWB signal processing, and design principles and mathematical modeling of UWB radar meters. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Author: L. Astanin
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Radar systems
Languages : en
Pages : 238

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Book Description
This book presents some novel approaches to radar system analysis now being investigated. It is shown how systematic application of numerical procedures can provide new results in the evaluation of UWB radar target responses. The authors do not try to cover all of the possible solutions to the problem of multidimensional representation of target responses, rather they aim to give a general understanding of the techniques of confluent analysis, computer holography and adaptive synthesis of antenna apertures. The methods have great potential for solving conventional radar problems in target detection and recognition.

Author: Mark E. Davis
Publisher: SciTech Publishing
ISBN: 1839530774
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 412

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Book Description
Ultra-Wideband Surveillance Radar is an emerging technology for detecting and characterizing targets and cultural features for military and geosciences applications. To characterize objects near and under severe clutter, it is necessary to have fine range and cross range resolution. The resultant wide bandwidth classifies the systems as ultra-wideband, requiring special treatment in system technology and frequency allocation.

Author: Fabian Schwartau
Publisher: Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN: 3736965079
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 144

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Book Description
The radar, besides camera and Lidar systems, is a core sensor to enable autonomous driving. The relatively limited angular resolution is the major drawback of the radar. This thesis shows the development of a conceptual future radar system for automotive applications. The focus is on providing a large antenna aperture to achieve the required high angular resolution. Two genetic algorithms are developed to optimize the antenna array for a good side lobe level while providing high angular resolution. Two demonstrators are built to implement certain aspects of the proposed radar system and prove the general concept viable. The first demonstrator features a large aperture with a limited side lobe level and is using a modular approach. The modules are synchronized with a radio over fiber system. The second demonstrator uses the previously proposed antenna array, which is implemented with a synthetic aperture radar approach. The system’s capabilities in a real scenario are demonstrated, and the reconstruction of a high-resolution three-dimensional image from the captured data is shown. Das Radar stellt, neben Kamera- und Lidar-Systemen, einen zentralen Sensor für das autonome Fahren dar. Dabei ist die relativ geringe Winelauflösung der primäre Nachteil des Radars. Diese Arbeit zeigt die Entwicklung eines konzeptionellen zukünftigen Radarsystems für automobile Anwendungen. Der Schwerpunkt liegt auf der Umsetzung einer großen Antennenapertur, um die erforderliche hohe Winkelauflösung zu erreichen. Zwei evolutionäre Algorithmen werden vorgestellt, um das Antennen-Array auf einen guten Nebenkeulen-Pegel zu optimieren und gleichzeitig eine hohe Winkelauflösung zu erreichen. Zwei Demonstratoren werden gebaut, um bestimmte Aspekte des vorgeschlagenen Radarsystems zu implementieren und die Durchführbarkeit des allgemeinen Konzepts zu zeigen. Der erste Demonstrator weist eine große Apertur mit einem begrenzten Nebenkeulen-Niveau auf und verwendet einen modularen Ansatz. Die Module sind mit einem Radio-over-Fiber-System synchronisiert. Der zweite Demonstrator verwendet die zuvor entworfene Antennenanordnung, die mit einem Radar mit synthetischer Apertur realisiert wird. Die Fähigkeiten des Systems werden in einem realen Szenario demonstriert und die Rekonstruktion eines hochauflösenden dreidimensionalen Bildes aus den erfassten Daten gezeigt.

Author: Francesco Bandiera
Publisher: Springer Nature
ISBN: 3031025326
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 95

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Book Description
Adaptive detection of signals embedded in correlated Gaussian noise has been an active field of research in the last decades. This topic is important in many areas of signal processing such as, just to give some examples, radar, sonar, communications, and hyperspectral imaging. Most of the existing adaptive algorithms have been designed following the lead of the derivation of Kelly's detector which assumes perfect knowledge of the target steering vector. However, in realistic scenarios, mismatches are likely to occur due to both environmental and instrumental factors. When a mismatched signal is present in the data under test, conventional algorithms may suffer severe performance degradation. The presence of strong interferers in the cell under test makes the detection task even more challenging. An effective way to cope with this scenario relies on the use of "tunable" detectors, i.e., detectors capable of changing their directivity through the tuning of proper parameters. The aim of this book is to present some recent advances in the design of tunable detectors and the focus is on the so-called two-stage detectors, i.e., adaptive algorithms obtained cascading two detectors with opposite behaviors. We derive exact closed-form expressions for the resulting probability of false alarm and the probability of detection for both matched and mismatched signals embedded in homogeneous Gaussian noise. It turns out that such solutions guarantee a wide operational range in terms of tunability while retaining, at the same time, an overall performance in presence of matched signals commensurate with Kelly's detector. Table of Contents: Introduction / Adaptive Radar Detection of Targets / Adaptive Detection Schemes for Mismatched Signals / Enhanced Adaptive Sidelobe Blanking Algorithms / Conclusions

Author: V S Chernyak
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 9789056991654
Category : Technology & Engineering
Languages : en
Pages : 494

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Book Description
This is an original and comprehensive monograph on the increasingly important field of Multistatic Radar Systems. The material covered includes target detection, coordinate and trajectory parameter estimation, optimum and suboptimum detectors and external interferences. The practical problems faced by those working with radar systems are considered - most algorithms are presented in a form allowing direct use in engineering practice, and many of the results can be immediately applied to information systems containing different types of sensors, not only radars. This book is the revised international edition of Chernyak's renowned Russian textbook.