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Book Description
LE FONCTIONNEMENT DE L'ECOSYSTEME NE PEUT SE COMPRENDRE QUE SI L'ON A UNE VUE D'ENSEMBLE ET SI L'ON PREND EN COMPTE LES RELATIONS QUI PEUVENT SE FORMER ENTRE SES DIFFERENTS COMPARTIMENTS, VIVANTS OU NON. DES ETUDES EXPERIMENTALES CHEZ DEUX ESPECES DE SALPES (SALPA FUSIFORMIS ET THALIA DEMOCRATICA), ONT PERMIS DE PRECISER LEUR ROLE DANS LE RESEAU TROPHIQUE. NOUS AVONS MIS EN EVIDENCE L'EFFET DE LA QUANTITE DE NOURRITURE SUR LA CROISSANCE ET LA REPRODUCTION AINSI QUE SUR L'INGESTION ET L'ASSIMILATION, ET UN BILAN DE MATIERE A ETE ETABLI. LES MESURES FAITES AU COURS DES TROIS MISSIONS EN MER (TROPHOS II; DYFAMED 1987 ET 1988) ONT ETE UTILISEES POUR DECRIRE LES EVOLUTIONS SPATIALES ET TEMPORELLES DE DIFFERENTS COMPOSANTS DE L'ECOSYSTEME PELAGIQUE. AFIN D'EVALUER LE BILAN DE MATIERE POUR L'ENSEMBLE DU RESEAU TROPHIQUE, NOUS AVONS ETABLI CELUI DE CHACUN DES GROUPES PRESENTS, CE QUI A NECESSITE L'ETUDE DES DIFFERENTS FLUX ENTRE CES GROUPES, EN PRENANT EN COMPTE LEURS INTERRELATIONS TROPHIQUES. LES VOIES PRINCIPALES DE TRANSFERT DE MATIERE ONT ETE MISES EN EVIDENCE DANS L'ECOSYSTEME PELAGIQUE EN MER LIGURE, A DES PERIODES ET EN DES LOCALITES DIFFERENTES. DES RESEAUX TROPHIQUES COMPLEXES CONSTITUES DE L'ENSEMBLE DES GROUPES CONSIDERES ONT MONTRE L'IMPACT DE CHACUN D'ENTRE EUX VIS-A-VIS DES AUTRES. ON A PROPOSE UNE REPRESENTATION DU MECANISME DE CHUTE DES PELOTES FECALES ET ANALYSE L'EFFET DE DIFFERENTS FACTEURS AFIN DE MIEUX COMPRENDRE L'EVOLUTION DU FLUX VERTICAL DE MATIERE
Book Description
LE FONCTIONNEMENT DE L'ECOSYSTEME NE PEUT SE COMPRENDRE QUE SI L'ON A UNE VUE D'ENSEMBLE ET SI L'ON PREND EN COMPTE LES RELATIONS QUI PEUVENT SE FORMER ENTRE SES DIFFERENTS COMPARTIMENTS, VIVANTS OU NON. DES ETUDES EXPERIMENTALES CHEZ DEUX ESPECES DE SALPES (SALPA FUSIFORMIS ET THALIA DEMOCRATICA), ONT PERMIS DE PRECISER LEUR ROLE DANS LE RESEAU TROPHIQUE. NOUS AVONS MIS EN EVIDENCE L'EFFET DE LA QUANTITE DE NOURRITURE SUR LA CROISSANCE ET LA REPRODUCTION AINSI QUE SUR L'INGESTION ET L'ASSIMILATION, ET UN BILAN DE MATIERE A ETE ETABLI. LES MESURES FAITES AU COURS DES TROIS MISSIONS EN MER (TROPHOS II; DYFAMED 1987 ET 1988) ONT ETE UTILISEES POUR DECRIRE LES EVOLUTIONS SPATIALES ET TEMPORELLES DE DIFFERENTS COMPOSANTS DE L'ECOSYSTEME PELAGIQUE. AFIN D'EVALUER LE BILAN DE MATIERE POUR L'ENSEMBLE DU RESEAU TROPHIQUE, NOUS AVONS ETABLI CELUI DE CHACUN DES GROUPES PRESENTS, CE QUI A NECESSITE L'ETUDE DES DIFFERENTS FLUX ENTRE CES GROUPES, EN PRENANT EN COMPTE LEURS INTERRELATIONS TROPHIQUES. LES VOIES PRINCIPALES DE TRANSFERT DE MATIERE ONT ETE MISES EN EVIDENCE DANS L'ECOSYSTEME PELAGIQUE EN MER LIGURE, A DES PERIODES ET EN DES LOCALITES DIFFERENTES. DES RESEAUX TROPHIQUES COMPLEXES CONSTITUES DE L'ENSEMBLE DES GROUPES CONSIDERES ONT MONTRE L'IMPACT DE CHACUN D'ENTRE EUX VIS-A-VIS DES AUTRES. ON A PROPOSE UNE REPRESENTATION DU MECANISME DE CHUTE DES PELOTES FECALES ET ANALYSE L'EFFET DE DIFFERENTS FACTEURS AFIN DE MIEUX COMPRENDRE L'EVOLUTION DU FLUX VERTICAL DE MATIERE
Author: P.J. Kershaw Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media ISBN: 9401136866 Category : Science Languages : en Pages : 402
Book Description
The Norwich Symposium, 'Radionuclides in the Study of Marine Proces ses', is a sequel to the very successful conference held at Cherbourg, France in June 1987. The international character of the meeting has been maintained with thirty-eight contributions, from seventeen countries, being accepted for oral presentation. For many years, the radioactive properties of the naturally occurring radionuclides have been used to determine their distributions in the marine environment and, more generally, to gain an understanding of the dynamic processes which control their behaviour in attaining these distributions. More recently the inputs from human activities of both natural and artificial (i.e. man-made) radionuclides have provided additional opportunities for the study of marine processes on local, regional and global scales. Because the sources of artificial radionuclides are often reasonably well defined in space and time, and because a wider range of elements is represented, new viewpoints for the study of processes have become available. Although it is outside the scope of this Symposium, it must be acknowledged that the radiological protection requirements for radioactive waste disposal prac tices to be based on a sound scientific understanding of radionuclide behaviour in the sea have also provided a very strong impetus for the studies.
Book Description
La modélisation a été utilisée comme outil pour améliorer la compréhension des processus physiques et biologiques observés pendant la campagne pluridisciplinaire DYNAPROC 2 (DYNamique des PROCessus rapides dans la colonne d'eau) qui a eu lieu dans la zone centrale de la mer Ligure en septembre-octobre 2004. Cette campagne avait pour objectif l'étude des phénomènes physiques et biologiques qui agissent à courte échelle de temps lors de la transition saisonnière entre l'oligotrophie estivale et la mésotrophie automnale. L'un des éléments les plus marquants de la campagne est le passage de deux lentilles d'eau dessalée dans la zone de mesure que l'on pensait être isolée des apports latéraux. Dans ce travail, nous avons dans un premier temps appliqué un modèle 1D couplé physique-biologie aux données de la campagne. Le réseau trophique simulé comporte dix variables d'états : trois sels nutritifs, trois classes de phytoplancton, deux classes de zooplancton et deux types de détritus. Les résultats ont montré que les principales différences entre ce modèle et les mesures avaient lieu pendant les intrusions d'eau dessalée. Dans un deuxième temps, nous avons testé deux méthodes d'assimilation de données : une méthode classique de relaxation aux données de température et une méthode que nous avons développée, qui est basée sur l'assimilation des variations de profondeur des isopycnes (méthode IDA, Isopycnal Depth Adjustment). L'évaluation des performances relatives des trois modèles a été effectuée avec des diagrammes de Taylor et a montré que le modèle IDA était le plus performant dans la représentation des évènements observés. Cette étude a permis de caractériser les propriétés de la masse d'eau dessalée, de calculer les flux de matière journaliers et de définir les contributions relatives de la physique et de la biologie à l'évolution de la zone productive au large de la mer Ligure.
Author: Collectif Publisher: IRD Éditions ISBN: 2709922207 Category : Nature Languages : en Pages : 736
Book Description
This book has been published by Allenvi (French National Alliance for Environmental Research) to coincide with the 22nd Conference of Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (COP22) in Marrakesh. It is the outcome of work by academic researchers on both sides of the Mediterranean and provides a remarkable scientific review of the mechanisms of climate change and its impacts on the environment, the economy, health and Mediterranean societies. It will also be valuable in developing responses that draw on “scientific evidence” to address the issues of adaptation, resource conservation, solutions and risk prevention. Reflecting the full complexity of the Mediterranean environment, the book is a major scientific contribution to the climate issue, where various scientific considerations converge to break down the boundaries between disciplines.
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publisher: Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN: 9251325553 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 108
Book Description
In the Mediterranean and the Black Sea, the assessment of demersal stocks mainly relies on scientific surveys (bottom and beam trawl) while the assessment of pelagic stocks is essentially based on acoustic surveys using acoustic techniques with mid-water trawling. These routine surveys-at-sea provide essential information, which in turn are crucial to fine-tune the assessments of the status of resources and to estimate more precisely indicators at the population and fish community levels. However, survey practices differ from one subregion to another, each approach having its own strengths and limitations. In addition, there is still a lack of large-scale standardized surveys aimed at analysing the diversity and distribution of the main demersal and pelagic species across the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. One way of tackling this issue is to carry out international scientific surveys covering the main demersal and pelagic stocks based on a common methodology. The methodology presented in this publication aims at supporting the planning and implementation of regional demersal (bottom and beam) trawl and pelagic acoustic surveys. It can be useful for the implementation of new surveys-at-sea in areas where demersal trawl and pelagic acoustic surveys are not regularly carried out. It can also contribute to increasing comparability between existing surveys thanks to the standardization of methods, sampling of catches and data recording and analysis. Finally, it represents a valuable tool to define minimum requirements towards sustainability and management objectives at the regional and subregional level.
Author: R. N. Bray Publisher: CRC Press ISBN: 0203894898 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 398
Book Description
Expanding a port, deepening a navigation channel or creating new land for development, introduces changes to our physical, social, economic and political environment. Changes may result from events during the construction process, or relate to the nature of the completed structure. Changes can be positive or negative, short-term or long-term, and may affect the immediate vicinity of the project or a larger geographical area. Predicting and assessing all possible effects of a planned dredging activity in a scientifically-sound and reliable manner is essential, so that appropriate control measures can be taken to avoid or mitigate unwelcome impacts. This book provides guidance for a complete holistic environmental evaluation procedure and for the design and implementation of environmental control measures. The book is of particular interest to engineers, government agencies and port authorities, as well as civil engineering consultants and contractors involved in planning and designing dredging, maritime infrastructure and fluvial projects.
Author: IMO/FAO/UNESCO/WMO/WHO/IAEA/UN/UNEP Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Pollution Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell ISBN: 9780632031986 Category : Social Science Languages : en Pages : 146
Author: Frederick S.B. Kibenge Publisher: Academic Press ISBN: 0128213388 Category : Technology & Engineering Languages : en Pages : 250
Book Description
Aquaculture Toxicology is an essential resource of practical information that covers mechanisms of toxicity and their responses to toxic agents, including aspects of uptake, metabolism and excretion of toxicants in fish, crustaceans and mollusks. This is a reliable, up-to-date, "all inclusive reference guide that provides an understanding of toxicology information for the aquaculture industry. Written by respected international experts recognized in specific areas of toxicology, this book covers toxins at the environmental, cellular and molecular levels. It identifies areas where more research is needed to generate more knowledge to support a sustainable aquaculture industry, including pharmaceutical pollutants and microplastics. - Presents clinical information for the three major aquatic food animals (fish, crustaceans and mollusks) - Discusses commonly used chemicals in aquaculture and their effects on aquatic animals and the environment - Provides the latest advancements in the field of toxicity to facilitate fisheries and aquaculture research
Author: MOHAMED.. BAKER
Author: MOHAMED.. BAKER
Author: P.J. Kershaw
Author: 
Author: Virginie Raybaud
Author: Collectif
Author: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Author: Alfred Frank Bartsch
Author: R. N. Bray
Author: IMO/FAO/UNESCO/WMO/WHO/IAEA/UN/UNEP Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Pollution
Author: Frederick S.B. Kibenge