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Author: Publisher: ISBN: 9789221270164 Category : Languages : en Pages : 54
Book Description
Identifies the elements which should taken into account in determining the cost of occupational accidents and diseases at the national level, with a focus on developing countries.-
Author: Publisher: ISBN: 9789221270164 Category : Languages : en Pages : 54
Book Description
Identifies the elements which should taken into account in determining the cost of occupational accidents and diseases at the national level, with a focus on developing countries.-
Author: J. Paul Leigh Publisher: University of Michigan Press ISBN: 9780472110810 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 332
Book Description
As the debate over health care reform continues, costs have become a critical measure in the many plans and proposals to come before us. Knowing costs is important because it allows comparisons across such disparate health conditions as AIDS, Alzheimer's disease, heart disease, and cancer. This book presents the results of a major study estimating the large and largely overlooked costs of occupational injury and illness--costs as large as those for cancer and over four times the costs of AIDS. The incidence and mortality of occupational injury and illness were assessed by reviewing data from national surveys and applied an attributable-risk-proportion method. Costs were assessed using the human capital method that decomposes costs into direct categories such as medical costs and insurance administration expenses, as well as indirect categories such as lost earnings and lost fringe benefits. The total is estimated to be $155 billion and is likely to be low as it does not include costs associated with pain and suffering or of home care provided by family members. Invaluable as an aid in the analysis of policy issues, Costs of Occupational Injuryand Illness will serve as a resource and reference for economists, policy analysts, public health researchers, insurance administrators, labor unions and labor lawyers, benefits managers, and environmental scientists, among others. J. Paul Leigh is Professor in the School of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of California, Davis. Stephen Markowitz, M.D., is Professor in the Department of Community Health and Social Medicine, City University of New York Medical School. Marianne Fahs is Director of the Health Policy Research Center, Milano Graduate School of Management and Urban Policy, New School University. Philip Landrigan, M.D., is Wise Professor and Chair of the Department of Community Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: 9789294791399 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The need to improve working life in the European Union (EU) is still urgent today. In 2016, approximately 2.4 million non-fatal accidents requiring at least 4 days of absence from work and 3,182 fatal accidents were reported in EU Member States. In addition to these accident rates, figures from 2013 show that 7.9 % of the workforce suffered from occupational health problems, of which 36% resulted in absence from work for at least 4 days (Eurostat, 2018a, 2018c). These occupational injuries, diseases and deaths result in high economic costs to individuals, employers, governments and society. Negative effects may include costly early retirement, the loss of skilled staff, absenteeism as well as presenteeism (when employees go to work despite illness, increasing the likelihood of mistakes) and high medical costs and insurance premiums. In a previous project, the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU-OSHA) estimated that 3.9 % of global gross domestic product (GDP) and 3.3 % of European GDP is spent on dealing with occupational injuries and diseases (EU-OSHA, 2017a). This percentage may vary widely between countries, in particular between western and non-western countries, depending on the industrial mix, legislative context and prevention incentives. Understanding the magnitude of the problem calls for a reliable and comprehensive estimate of occupational injury and disease costs to society. It is vital for policy-makers to be aware of these costs to help them to set priorities. Insight into the financial consequences of occupational injury and disease provides governments, policy-makers and employers’ organisations with relevant data for the purpose of developing occupational safety and health (OSH) policies and agreements. Moreover, insight into these costs will help to raise awareness of the magnitude of the problem and will contribute to a more efficient allocation of resources for OSH.
Author: David Weil Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages : 0
Book Description
Workplace injuries and fatalities in the U.S. create significant economic costs to society. There are two major approaches to valuing these costs: a direct-cost approach and a market-based cost approach. This paper compares the two methods of economic valuation, focusing in particular on how differences between them affect the estimated magnitude of economic consequences. In so doing, it surveys the literature that has arisen in the past 25 years to measure different aspects of economic consequences. Market-based estimates of the costs of injuries are generally larger than those based on direct cost approaches, particularly in how they account for occupational fatalities and losses arising from work disabilities. Direct cost approaches to economic valuation, common in the public health literature, do not fully capture the resource allocation costs of workplace injuries and fatalities. Economic research methods do not fully incorporate the factors connecting injury/illness events to disabilities. Researchers in both fields could therefore benefit from better integration of their research efforts.
Author: Karen Taswell Publisher: International Labor Office ISBN: Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 200
Book Description
Provides guidance for national labour statisticians engaged in or proposing to start the compilation of statistics on occupational injuries through household surveys or establishment surveys.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: 9789294791382 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The need to improve working life in the European Union (EU) is still urgent today. In 2016, approximately 2.4 million non-fatal accidents requiring at least 4 days of absence from work and 3,182 fatal accidents were reported in EU Member States. In addition to these accident rates, figures from 2013 show that 7.9 % of the workforce suffered from occupational health problems, of which 36% resulted in absence from work for at least 4 days (Eurostat, 2018a, 2018c). These occupational injuries, diseases and deaths result in high economic costs to individuals, employers, governments and society. Negative effects may include costly early retirement, the loss of skilled staff, absenteeism as well as presenteeism (when employees go to work despite illness, increasing the likelihood of mistakes) and high medical costs and insurance premiums. In a previous project, the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU-OSHA) estimated that 3.9 % of global gross domestic product (GDP) and 3.3 % of European GDP is spent on dealing with occupational injuries and diseases (EU-OSHA, 2017a). This percentage may vary widely between countries, in particular between western and non-western countries, depending on the industrial mix, legislative context and prevention incentives. Understanding the magnitude of the problem calls for a reliable and comprehensive estimate of occupational injury and disease costs to society. It is vital for policy-makers to be aware of these costs to help them to set priorities. Insight into the financial consequences of occupational injury and disease provides governments, policy-makers and employers’ organisations with relevant data for the purpose of developing occupational safety and health (OSH) policies and agreements. Moreover, insight into these costs will help to raise awareness of the magnitude of the problem and will contribute to a more efficient allocation of resources for OSH.
Author: Dean T. Jamison Publisher: World Bank Publications ISBN: 0821361805 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 1449
Book Description
Based on careful analysis of burden of disease and the costs ofinterventions, this second edition of 'Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries, 2nd edition' highlights achievable priorities; measures progresstoward providing efficient, equitable care; promotes cost-effectiveinterventions to targeted populations; and encourages integrated effortsto optimize health. Nearly 500 experts - scientists, epidemiologists, health economists,academicians, and public health practitioners - from around the worldcontributed to the data sources and methodologies, and identifiedchallenges and priorities, resulting in this integrated, comprehensivereference volume on the state of health in developing countries.
Author: Committee on Injury Prevention and Control Publisher: National Academies Press ISBN: 0309593468 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 336
Book Description
Injuries are the leading cause of death and disability among people under age 35 in the United States. Despite great strides in injury prevention over the decades, injuries result in 150,000 deaths, 2.6 million hospitalizations, and 36 million visits to the emergency room each year. Reducing the Burden of Injury describes the cost and magnitude of the injury problem in America and looks critically at the current response by the public and private sectors, including: Data and surveillance needs. Research priorities. Trauma care systems development. Infrastructure support, including training for injury professionals. Firearm safety. Coordination among federal agencies. The authors define the field of injury and establish boundaries for the field regarding intentional injuries. This book highlights the crosscutting nature of the injury field, identifies opportunities to leverage resources and expertise of the numerous parties involved, and discusses issues regarding leadership at the federal level.
Author: Elyce Anne Biddle Publisher: ISBN: Category : Industrial accidents Languages : en Pages : 167
Book Description
"Researchers within the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) have a longstanding commitment to determining the circumstances and costs of fatal occupational injury, reflecting the national commitment to understanding the severity and gravity of these incidents. Additional efforts have been undertaken to establish methods and recommendations to reduce the toll on our country's workers. This document continues this commitment to understanding and enumerating the dimensions of this nation's loss from fatal occupational injury. Despite the importance of fatal occupational illness, this document is limited to the economic burden of fatal occupational injuries. Beginning in 1992, the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) augmented their injury surveillance efforts with a national, systematic and comprehensive surveillance system to collect information on all fatal occupational injuries in the U.S. The joint State-Federal program, the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI), was designed to record, manage, and publish data from reporting systems in all 50 States and the District of Columbia on fatal occupational injuries. NIOSH researchers integrated data from the CFOI program into their continued research efforts, beginning with the initial reporting year, and have published a number of documents related to the NIOSH mission. In addition to reporting prevalence measures of fatal occupational injury, NIOSH researchers also developed measures to capture the economic costs from these incidents. These efforts reflected underlying concerns that the full measure of such loss must include the economic component of this loss. Such a measure not only captures an important additional component of the loss experience for the worker, employer, and encompassing social structure, but may also serves to direct limited resources toward the most effective prevention strategies. The cost-of-illness method, which sums direct and indirect lifetime costs, was used to calculate the mean, median, and total societal costs for the fatal occupational injuries reported through the CFOI program. Indirect costs are calculated for each incident by accounting for median annual compensation at the time of death, the probability of survival, household production, wage growth rate adjustments, and the real discount rate. These costs are then added to the direct lifetime cost of medical expenses to arrive at the societal cost of fatal injury. The addition of the value of household production costs to this model represents advancement in methodology over previous models, which simply accounts for loss of income from wages and presents a point of departure from previous studies. In summary, the current document provides detailed information on the extent of economic loss for premature occupational fatality for the years 1992 through 2002. These estimates are based on a well-known methodology in the field of direct and indirect cost estimation that was adapted by NIOSH [Rice 1965; Rice 1966; Miller et al.1995; Rice et al.1989; Leigh et al. 2000; Finkelstein et al. 2006]. The method is grounded in economic theory and has been reviewed by experts in the fields of economic costing and surveillance systems. Detailed information within this document includes the number of fatal occupational injuries and their total, mean, and median societal costs for each State and by worker and case characteristics" - NIOSHTIC-2
Author: World Health Organization Publisher: World Health Organization ISBN: 9241546484 Category : Medical Languages : en Pages : 152
Book Description
Injuries and violence pose a major public health and development problem worldwide, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries, resulting in an estimated five million deaths each year, as well as many more who suffer non-fatal but disabling injuries. This publication seeks to help improve the lack of reliable and valid injury information, by providing guidance for the use of a robust but accessible methodology for collecting community injury data, with the aim of highlighting this serious public health problem.
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Author: J. Paul Leigh
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Author: David Weil
Author: Karen Taswell
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Author: Dean T. Jamison
Author: Committee on Injury Prevention and Control
Author: Elyce Anne Biddle
Author: World Health Organization