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Author: J. Paul Leigh Publisher: University of Michigan Press ISBN: 9780472110810 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 332
Book Description
As the debate over health care reform continues, costs have become a critical measure in the many plans and proposals to come before us. Knowing costs is important because it allows comparisons across such disparate health conditions as AIDS, Alzheimer's disease, heart disease, and cancer. This book presents the results of a major study estimating the large and largely overlooked costs of occupational injury and illness--costs as large as those for cancer and over four times the costs of AIDS. The incidence and mortality of occupational injury and illness were assessed by reviewing data from national surveys and applied an attributable-risk-proportion method. Costs were assessed using the human capital method that decomposes costs into direct categories such as medical costs and insurance administration expenses, as well as indirect categories such as lost earnings and lost fringe benefits. The total is estimated to be $155 billion and is likely to be low as it does not include costs associated with pain and suffering or of home care provided by family members. Invaluable as an aid in the analysis of policy issues, Costs of Occupational Injuryand Illness will serve as a resource and reference for economists, policy analysts, public health researchers, insurance administrators, labor unions and labor lawyers, benefits managers, and environmental scientists, among others. J. Paul Leigh is Professor in the School of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of California, Davis. Stephen Markowitz, M.D., is Professor in the Department of Community Health and Social Medicine, City University of New York Medical School. Marianne Fahs is Director of the Health Policy Research Center, Milano Graduate School of Management and Urban Policy, New School University. Philip Landrigan, M.D., is Wise Professor and Chair of the Department of Community Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York.
Author: J. Paul Leigh Publisher: University of Michigan Press ISBN: 9780472110810 Category : Business & Economics Languages : en Pages : 332
Book Description
As the debate over health care reform continues, costs have become a critical measure in the many plans and proposals to come before us. Knowing costs is important because it allows comparisons across such disparate health conditions as AIDS, Alzheimer's disease, heart disease, and cancer. This book presents the results of a major study estimating the large and largely overlooked costs of occupational injury and illness--costs as large as those for cancer and over four times the costs of AIDS. The incidence and mortality of occupational injury and illness were assessed by reviewing data from national surveys and applied an attributable-risk-proportion method. Costs were assessed using the human capital method that decomposes costs into direct categories such as medical costs and insurance administration expenses, as well as indirect categories such as lost earnings and lost fringe benefits. The total is estimated to be $155 billion and is likely to be low as it does not include costs associated with pain and suffering or of home care provided by family members. Invaluable as an aid in the analysis of policy issues, Costs of Occupational Injuryand Illness will serve as a resource and reference for economists, policy analysts, public health researchers, insurance administrators, labor unions and labor lawyers, benefits managers, and environmental scientists, among others. J. Paul Leigh is Professor in the School of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of California, Davis. Stephen Markowitz, M.D., is Professor in the Department of Community Health and Social Medicine, City University of New York Medical School. Marianne Fahs is Director of the Health Policy Research Center, Milano Graduate School of Management and Urban Policy, New School University. Philip Landrigan, M.D., is Wise Professor and Chair of the Department of Community Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: 9789292409975 Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
The European Agency for Safety and Health at work (EU-OSHA) aims to estimate the costs of accidents at work, work-related health problems and work-related deaths in Europe. The first step towards achieving this objective entails the production of an overview of the availability and quality of the national and international data sources required for the development of such a European-level cost calculation. The current report presents these results. The availability of relevant data was checked at the international as well as the national level in the 28 Member States of the European Union (EU-28), Iceland and Norway. Data were collected with the assistance of country experts who were asked to complete forms relating to sources of cases and costs of accidents at work and work-related health problems. The resulting data were assessed against predefined quality criteria. The cost assessment was limited to an overview of availability of data. Having assessed the coverage and quality of the available data sources, it became apparent that there were insufficient data to determine cases of the work-related burden of disease at the European level. There is a paucity of robust, reliable data relating to accidents at work and work-related health problems. With regard to costs, we found that direct healthcare costs can be deduced from international data sources. Calculating indirect costs, however, would be challenging, as data relating to several additional costs and the friction period are missing. Based on the available data sources on gross salary, we recommend adopting the human capital approach. An essential prerequisite for the use of such an approach, however, is that the number of missed work days can be estimated. Despite the lack of data, some of the gaps may be filled through estimation. Suggestions for an approach to doing so can be based on the following observations: - In some countries the availability of data sources appears to be reasonably sound and may be sufficient to carry out a cautious estimation. Subsequently, these results may be used to estimate the costs in other countries with comparable structures. - Through a combination of figures on the work-related fraction of diseases, incidence and prevalence of these diseases, and costs associated with such diseases, a cost estimation may be feasible for some specific work-related diseases. - Since much research has been done on the impact of certain risk factors on specific health problems, and figures on the occurrence of certain risk factors are also available, a cost estimation by risk factor seems feasible. An approach like this may allow a partial cost estimation. However, an estimate of the total burden of work-related disease would require a considerable number of assumptions to be made.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: 9780717613434 Category : Employee health promotion Languages : en Pages : 52
Book Description
This revised version of HS(G)96 (0 7176 1343 7) continues to publicizes the message that most companies do not realize the extent of their losses due to accidents. It emphasizes that there is no contradiction between profitability and good health and safety mnagement. TUC figures show that unions secured damage awards totalling 304m for workplace injuries and ill health to their members in 1995. The revision is aimed primarily at management and applies to all industries. It repalces 0 7176 1343 7, with the same series number.
Author: Publisher: ISBN: Category : Languages : en Pages :
Book Description
Background Work-related accidents and their associated costs have been a serious concern for management, especially as statistics show that there is no clear relationship between the frequency of injuries and the costs of accidents. Methods A systematic appraisal of available literature was conducted to identify the best approaches to the classification and estimation of insured and uninsured components of work-related accident costs. The appraisal seeks to identify meaningful components and predictors of the cost of accidents. One part of our research specifically focused on the construction industry. The paper proposes a quantitative model to represent the real behaviour of the cost of accidents. A logarithmic distribution is proposed to represent the uninsured cost as a function of the severity of the accident and the occupation of the workforce exposed. Point estimates for administrative costs and production losses are obtained based on a generic case in order to quantify the equation in terms of monetary value. Results The selected publications introduced different methods to aggregate the cost of accidents but failed to provide an explanation of the relationship between the nature of accidents and their associated cost. Only three studies explored both insured and uninsured components and only four utilized incidence-based models. There is a need to move beyond linear ratios as predictors of the uninsured cost of accidents. Based on the exponential behaviour, it is possible to simplify the information required to provide an interval estimate of the cost of accidents. An aggregated study of the cost of accidents is used to allocate cost factors for each different component. For a given workforce composition, it is possible to obtain uninsured cost intervals that range from 0 to 3.5 times the insured costs. The evidence supports a logarithmic relationship between uninsured and insured costs, contrary to the principle of linear ratios. Conclusions An incidence-based method would best represent the nature of accidents. The proposed model requires only basic information about the accident: the severity of the injury and the composition of the workforce exposed. The value added from the model is not only an interval range for the insured costs but also the financial contribution of safety programs to the workplace that is often ignored by employers. This model is applicable in all industries, including the construction industry.
Author: Jagadish Guria Publisher: ISBN: 0128126116 Category : Languages : en Pages : 208
Book Description
Estimating the Human Cost of Transportation Accidents: Methodologies and Policy Implications discusses the estimation methods needed to determine the monetary value of loss of life and quality of life when evaluating transportation safety programs, policies and projects. In addition, it highlights how to overcome the many challenges researchers face in choosing the right values, including estimating loss of life and life quality, examining strengths and weaknesses, and critically analyzing social costs and implications. This book will allow researchers to better formulate accurate social costs, select safety improvement values, and understand limitations.
Author: J. Paul Leigh
Author: J. Paul Leigh
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Author: Marjolein de Weerd
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Author: Great Britain. Health and Safety Executive
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Author: T. R. Miller
Author: Jagadish Guria