Estimating Release of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Coal- Tar Contaminated Soil at Manufactured Gas Plant Sites PDF Download

Author: L. S. Lee
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Factory and trade waste
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: University of Texas at Austin. Environmental and Water Resources Engineering Program
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category : Coal-tar
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: Raymond C. Loehr
Publisher:
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Category : Coal gasification
Languages : en
Pages :

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Author: Allen W. Hatheway
Publisher: CRC Press
ISBN: 0824791061
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 1400

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Winner of the 2013 Claire P. Holdredge Awardee for Remediation of Former Manufactured Gas Plants and Other Coal-Tar Sites. This award, first established in 1962 by the Association of Environmental and Engineering Geologists, is named in honor of Claire P. Holdredge, a founding member and the first President of the Association. The award is presented for a publication by an AEG Member(s) within the 5 previous years that is adjudged to be an outstanding contribution to the Engineering Geology profession. Remediation of Former Manufactured Gas Plants and Other Coal-Tar Sites is geared toward environmental professionals who want to design and implement gasworks remediation strategies that offer the greatest chance to successfully protect the public. Exploring the bases for selecting remedial alternatives to adequately address today’s environmental wounds, this compendium of essential knowledge combines historic and modern scientific data and technology with common sense and empirical lore passed down from past generations of gas professionals, a group that is now all but extinct. Most of the general population does not have a sufficient understanding of remediation needs. Unfortunately, there seems to be a similar lack of knowledge among some environmental professionals whose job it is to protect the public from the health threats associated with coal tar. Pitfalls in remediation are common and represent a significant risk to the public, especially when processes are based on inaccurate assumptions. This book sifts through the existing scholarship from around the developed world to present the necessary evaluation factors used in effective remediation. Almost encyclopedic in scope, it offers 265 separate tables with checklists, hard data facts, and associations to help readers define site-specific gas plant conditions. It also includes a plethora of photographs and historic drawings, as well as an extensive glossary that is indispensible for understanding potential and actual gas plant contamination. Useful for engineers, scientists, regulators, public officials, historians, and journalists among others, this book is intended for those who conduct remediation, as well as those involved in review and oversight. Its goal is to bring users closer to safely reclaiming land and reviving old coal gasworks sites in ways that ultimately will be sustainable for the public interest.

Author: Insoo Joo
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 198

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The bioavailability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in coal-tar contaminated soils plays an important role in determining the risk of these compounds to the environment and humans. Developing an understanding of organic compounds bioavailability will assist in improving risk assessment and developing bioremediation strategies. In the first part of study, the degradation of 16 EPA priority PAHs in soil slurry reactors were investigated along with the change in microbial population. Using DAPI-stained organisms, maximum microbial populations were found to correspond with the depletion of 2- and 3-ring PAHs. Degradation of PAHs was sequential with the 2- and 3-ring PAHs degrading first, followed by the 4- and 5-ring PAHs. There was negligible degradation of 6-ring PAHs. The Modified Gompertz equation, an empirical model, was used to estimate the lag phase, degradation rate, and maximum degraded fraction of individual PAHs. The Monod equation was also applied but did not model the experimental data well especially the change in microorganism population. In the second part of study, several chemical methods were performed to assess the bioavailability of PAHs in three coal-tar contaminated soils from former manufactured gas plant (FMGP) sites. The methods tested were hydroxypropyl-[beta]-cyclodextrin (HPCD), persulfate oxidation, acetone-water mixture extraction, butanol extraction, and solid phase extraction using XAD-2. Residual PAHs in each soil following extraction were compared with the PAHs remaining after biodegradation in soil slurry reactors. Of the five methods tested, the XAD-2 desorption method was determined to the best method for predicting the bioavailability in coal-tar contaminated soils.

Author:
Publisher:
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Category : Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Languages : en
Pages : 500

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Author: Rajesh Bagchi
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 196

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Remediation of environments contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has received tremendous attention in recent times, owing, in particular to their acute carcinogenity and persistence for long lengths of time, remaining virtually unchanged in some cases for years. According to one estimate, the total remediation costs for individual manufactured gas plants (MGPs) normally range in tens of millions of dollars, and that remediation of tar contamination alone incurs as much as 70% of the total expenditure [Luthy et al., 1994]. This study delves into the possibility of remediating an MGP site extensively contaminated with PAHs by using an ex-situ solvent extraction method. Various solvent combinations consisting of ternary mixtures of water and some water miscible solvents like ethanol, propanol, acetone and pentanol have been considered. A rigorous study to simultaneously optimize the solvent combination, soil-solvent ratio and mixing regimen has also been conducted. The viability of solvent recovery and solvent reuse has also been addressed.

Author:
Publisher:
ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages : 136

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Author: Hillel Rubin
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN: 3662036746
Category : Science
Languages : en
Pages : 428

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The Water Research Institute at the Technion (Israel Institute of Technology) is proud to have initiated and sponsored the International Workshop "Soil and Aquifer Pollution: Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids - Contamination and Recla- tion", held May 13th-15th, 1996, on the Technion campus in Haifa. Groundwater contamination is one of the pressing issues facing Israel and other countries which depend on groundwater for water supply. In Israel, 60% of the water supply comes from groundwater, most of it from two large aquifers. The Coastal Aquifer underlies the area where the largest concentration of human activity already takes place, and where much of future development is expected to occur. It is a phreatic sandstone aquifer, vulnerable to pollution from activities at the surface. The Mountain Aquifer is recharged in the higher terrain to the east, and flows, first in a phreatic zone, then confined, westward and underneath the Coastal Aquifer. This limestone aquifer has higher permeabilities and flow velo- ties, so pollution can reach the groundwater quite readily. Smaller local aquifers are also important components in the national water system. While measures are taken to protect these aquifers from pollution, there are locations where contamination has already occurred. Furthermore, accidental pollution may not be totally avoided in the future. Therefore, understanding the processes of groundwater contamination, recommending the proper measures for preventing it, and determining the best means for reclamation once pollution has occurred, are of great practical importance. Non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) are among the most significant contaminants.

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ISBN:
Category :
Languages : en
Pages :

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This study investigates the release mechanisms and kinetics of PAH, DOC, and colloids/particles from a NAPL-contaminated gravelly soil with dialysis experiments, column outflow experiments in the laboratory and with free-drainage lysimeters under natural conditions. Results showed low release rates, long times of equilibration and a rate-limited release of PAH (0.7 æm) and DOC. Under natural conditions, extended no-flow periods and freezing events induced the export of PAH. The high mechanical strain within the PAH source materials followed by high intensity rain or snowmelt events resulted in high amounts of particle-associated PAH (0.7 æm) released from the lysimeters. PAH export is coupled to the formation and mobility of colloids and (NAPL- ) particles. The release and transport process of particle-associated PAH should be more thoroughly considered in risk assessment at contaminated sites.